Pen: ntoni na? Kutheni usebenzise ipeni?

Drawing - yinkqubo entsonkothileyo kunye bokuqonda ezininzi, nto leyo ifuna izixhobo ezithile. Omnye wabo - ebuhlanti. Yintoni na kwaye zingasetyenziswa njani na, echazwe ngezantsi.

Yintoni na?

Ekuqaleni, lo gama iintsingiselo ezimbini. Lokuqala - i "usiba-umnini phambili." Elesibini - "eQuill adjustable, apho unako ukuzoba." Ityala yokuqala kwihlabathi ngokuzoba ngobulungisa kunqabile ekubeni kulula ukufumana usiba ekunene. Ngenxa yesi sizathu ngoku usiba - ukuzoba isixhobo imida-inki.

Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo ngokuqwayinga ezifana nto ngeendlela ezininzi, kodwa isakhiwo jikelele kuyafana. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku isiphatho iplastiki eqinileyo okanye metal, apho Iqinisekile icebiso. Kokuba yaxobuka okanye akunjalo, ezenziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo, kodwa noko kunjalo, kufuneka kubekho nut elincinane ibamba ipleyiti ezitsolo ezincinane ezimbini. hlengahlengiso iyasichaphazela ububanzi selayini, efunyanwa ukugcwalisa emva kokuba isithuba.

izixhobo indaba

Pen lwasungulwa ngenkulungwane XVIII. Ngelo xesha waba iseti mandatory ukudala iimephu ezichanekileyo kunye nemizobo - izixhobo ukuzoba. Yaba isixhobo phambili ekuvumela ukuba ukuseka ngokucacileyo umfanekiso kuyimfuneko.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX waye waphucuka kakhulu kuyo. Engxakini isixhobo na ukuba ekunzima ukujamelana nayo i-inki, wayesoloko kwaphela, yiyo njalo njalo. Wawuza ukusombulula ezi ziphene zadalwa rapidograph - isixhobo kunye neekhatriji replaceable i-inki ye enobubanzi ethile.

Ngoku ke usiba isithombe ungabona ngaphezulu kancinane, hayi zithandwa kangaka kwizangqa ze kumzobo, kodwa isekhona kubalulekile ukuba umzobo, kaligrafi, iconography kunye nezinye iinkalo zezobugcisa.

isixhobo Forms ebizwa "pen"

Yintoni na yaye ceba ngayo, siye sele kusetyenzwa. Ngoku ke kufuneka ukuba athi ukuba kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo izixhobo. Ezi ziquka:

• umzobo usiba kunye nentloko enye kumgca olusicaba ngexesha;
• ipeni Dual kunye iintloko ezimbini nezicwangcisiweyo ngenxa bands ezimbini twatse ngenxa yokungenela ukhuphiswano;
• krivonozhka - usiba kunye intloko eshukumayo evumela imigca egosogoso ezi patheni naye zibe mbini;
• setyhula, apho intloko ukurekhodwa yinxalenye usiba ikhampasi umzobo;
• nokuba abe yomgama, imela-ezifana okanye ububanzi izidlele - entloko ezimile.

Pen, leyo ngezantsi ifoto - sixhobo ubudala, ogama uyilo iye yatshintsha kuphela rapidograph ngokufika.

isicelo phi?

Sebenzisa isixhobo kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo graphic. Zibhale kakhulu ngokubanzi, njengoko imigca ezicacileyo eqinile iyafuneka kwiimeko ezininzi. Ezi ziquka:

• nokudalwa imizobo, umzekelo, ucwangciso kwezakhiwo;
• ukuba isicelo iphepha iimephu ngesimo;
• ndibe ngumzekelo indlela ethile umzobo, ukuzoba manga (nezihlekisayo Japanese);
• e icons, umzekelo Halo vectorization;
• ngaphezulu.

Kungenxa yoko le nto imibuzo malunga nale sixhobo nosiba - yintoni nokuba ukusebenzisa njani na - kubalulekile ukuba imisebenzi emininzi, ukususela abakhi kunye bemeko- nesiphelo ahlekisayo.

iinkcukacha usebenzisa

Xa sijonga esibayeni, yintoni na, unako ukuqonda ngcono. Ngokutsho isakhiwo kunye neempawu zayo, kukho ezinye bokuqonda ukusetyenziswa kwayo, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu zombini umzobo kunye neminye imisebenzi graphic.

Okokuqala, isixhobo kufuneka kugcinwe ngqo. Oku kwenziwa ukuze phezulu okanye ezantsi akukho kwasekwa umgca eyaphukileyo. Ukuba imbodlela isixhobo kakhulu kwicala elinye amacwecwe bachukumise iphepha eyeka ukuba kukhokelela kwiziphumo ezingafunekiyo. Ingakumbi kumayelana isibaya umzobo kunye intloko ezinokususwa - athuthe ngokungqongqo nkqo iphepha umzobo, okanye ezihambayo awukwazi ngokuqhelekileyo "yiya" kwi igophe elinikiweyo.

Okwesibini, imfuno ekusetyenzisweni ngempumelelo wobuchule. Ukubamba umgca othe ngqo ukuze inki akuthethi podtekli umlawuli okanye hayi apho bengamabala amaza ezingeyomfuneko ukususela kwixesha lokuqala phantse akunakwenzeka. Imizobo kufuneka baqeqeshwe kwaye zijoliswe, yaye kuphela emva koko ugqithele yokuqala.

Okwesithathu, imigca engqindilili azotywe nzima ngakumbi. Kwenziwa zicocekile imigca emibini nje ukubhitya ngokutsho umda ongentla asezantsi a band ebanzi, ngoko ke phakathi izaliswe nge-inki usebenzisa ibrashi okanye nasiphi na isixhobo efanayo.

Kulo mzekelo, amava lobuqu ngakumbi, kokukhona nezamkelekileyo sikholisa yaye abathembekileyo baya kuba ukuzoba.

fillers

Galela umgama phakathi amacwecwe ebuhlanti inokuba fillers ezahlukeneyo. Amanani ezisemthethweni, oko kumiselwa amava kunye neendwendwe. eqinile zifunyenwe xa umgca ayifakwanga zilungiswe kakuhle kuqamba.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, le mascara njengoko kufunwa xa kubhalwa imigca ecacileyo emnyama. ukusetyenziswa azixhaphakanga kwi umzobo ebuhlanti umbala painting kufuna eyothi iipeyinti. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ukuyondelelana kwendlela ekwakhiweni, kangangokuba akazange kukubi isixhobo, musa kuwa phantsi umgca kwaye abazange ezonakalisa eziphumo zokuphela konyaka. Imeko reverse kunokwenzeka, xa, ngenxa umgca lokufaka obukhulu kakhulu ayisayi kusebenza konke konke, ngokuba akuyi some ephepheni.

Care zesixhobo

Kuba isixhobo umzobo olusebenzayo kubalulekile ukugcina ukuze egqibeleleyo. Ukuze wenze oku, emva komsebenzi ngamnye, coca ngenyameko ebuhlanti, kwaye ukwenza umsebenzi othintelo:

• Hlamba ngesepha namanzi, ngoko notywala;
• iipleyiti kufuneka twatse ubude;
• ubukhulu yabo kufuneka ifane kwaye ngokwaneleyo ibhityile, nama-iinwele, isixhobo nga kukhula kuphela ngaphandle;
• usebenzisa chromium oksayidi khazimlisani iindawo nomphandle wocango ngenyameko kakhulu, yaye emva koko ngobunono ukuphatha buthelezi ziloliwe.

Malwenziwe qho ulondolozo lwemihla kuya kunceda ufumane nemiphumo emihle ngokwenene. Ngaphambi kokuba usebenze ikopi ecocekileyo Kucetyiswa ukuba ukwenza isibini imigca test kwiphetshana ezilahliweyo kwephepha ukuze uqinisekise iparameters elichanekileyo emgceni.

Pen - sisixhobo bezoba bepeyinta. Wafuna into kwezenzululwazi kwimizobo, leyo, ukuba isicelo abanobuchule kakuhle uya kukunika iziphumo ezikumgangatho ophezulu.