Phuma evela crisis amafutha - Gas Energy

Akukho kuphela eRashiya, kodwa kulo lonke ihlabathi namhlanje ngumba malunga nophuhliso ibonelela amafutha kunye namandla ezintsonkothileyo. Ukusetyenziswa ngakumbi umbane nobushushu, ukuhla komgangatho wemo engqongileyo kwamanani ezilwanyana yeoli ibangela ukukhathazeka kakhulu kumazwe amaninzi ahambele phambili. Urhulumente wabela imali enkulu ngenxa yotshintsho amafutha kunye namandla ecandelo kunye nokuphuhliswa kobuchwepheshe ezintsha ngenxa yokubulala amafutha evela kweminye imithombo. Noko ke, iingcali ngakumbi nangakumbi abakuthandayo irhasi, kwaye ngezizathu ezininzi.

Ingxaki ephambili yemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo ekuthiwa impermanence ixesha kwinkqubo yemveliso amandla, kwakunye uxhomekeko iimeko zejografi kunye nemozulu. Ukongeza, izinto zokwenza imveliso ukuvelisa nobuchwepheshe iimodyuli elanga phambili ilungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa iikhemikhali chlorine, lungazitshabalalisa izinto ezininzi. Kwakhona, izazinzulu ezininzi zikholelwa ukuba kukho ephantsi-rhoqo intlokoma yingozi empilweni xa usebenzisa amandla omoya. Iintaka bathwaxwa injini zomoya, uthabathe loo ntlanzi Access ecinga ukulungisa zabo iifama zomoya kude nonxweme.

Nangona kunjalo, ezi iingxaki zobugcisa ngakumbi kwindalo. Le engxakini enkulu yamandla - eliphezulu iindleko ezinkulu kobuchwepheshe ezinjalo. Umzekelo, ukwakhiwa injini zomoya kunye solar panels kakhulu ibiza ngaphezu izityalo amandla aqhelekileyo, kunye imali yamandla ahlawule kakuhle ngendlela yesiko - ngeendleko ngumsebenzisi, nto leyo yingxaki ebalulekileyo. amazwe aphuhlileyo, ndayihluthwa kwemithombo yendalo, ilondoloze izigidi euro ekuphuhliseni ngamandla omoya, okanye ezinye iindlela ezingezo-zemveli ukuvelisa umbane, kodwa iRashiya, esisityebi kwizimbiwa, imibuzo efanelekileyo gasification kwimimandla kunye lenguqu ukuya kwigesi amandla.

Kwenzeka ukuba, amandla igesi yavavanywa ngamazwe dostoinstu kuphuhliswa. Ngokomzekelo, eUnited States ukususela ngo-2011 ukuya ku-2012 ziza kugunyaziswa izityalo amandla 258, iphenjelelwa irhasi yendalo [1]. Njengoko usihlalo yeBhodi "Gazprom" Valery Golubev kwi-owuva ye-6 International Conference "Energy Dialogue: eRashiya-EU. Gas aspect ", ukusetyenziswa kwamandla egesi ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi greenhouse eYurophu kungaba $ 500 yezigidi zezigidi ngaphantsi ngo-2020 ngaphezu ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo. Iingcali abaninzi bakholelwa iiprojekthi uyilawulayo igesi ilungileyo imali eninzi kwaye ngaphantsi yingozi ngaphezu iiprojekthi zenyukliya okanye iiprojekthi lwamandla avuselelekayo.

Iinkampani ezininzi uzimisele ukunikela "igesi isisombululo", kodwa iiprojekthi ezininzi ezintsha ukuya etafileni amagosa balapho, ngenxa iimbono zakhe endala kunye nokuba mathidala ekuphembeleleni naziphi iinzame ukuphucula imeko, zinqanda uphuhliso amafutha kunye namandla ezintsonkothileyo. JSC "Engineering Roltom" sele kudala wanikela izisombululo imboni yezamandla. Umzekelo, izityalo cogeneration kunye trigeneration, iinkqubo recovery ubushushu izityalo amandla, boilers igesi, mn igesi. Ukuveliswa mveliso amandla block-eziimodyuli "Roltom Engineering" uyakwazi ukunika umbane nobushushu kwimimandla yonke okanye amashishini amakhulu kwimizi ngamaxabiso aphantsi amaxabiso ezithengisa umbane, iinkampani kwiidolophu nababonelela ngeenkonzo eluncedo. inkqubo recovery Ubushushu, leyo kuxhotyiswa ngamandla, osusa ubushushu ukusuka wesekethe yokupholisa ye-injini kunye irhasi zeemoto kunye edlulisela nomthengi ngokohlobo amanzi ashushu. Oku kuya kunceda ukusombulula le ngxaki kunye namanzi ivaliwe-off. Enye ngesiphakamiso inkampani - boilers igesi, yemodyuli, olusebenzayo ngokutsho i "kwiplagi ndilibale". kwibhoyila okunjalo zilula ngokwaneleyo ukuba ukwakha nokulondoloza, kwaye ke ixesha elide kunoogxa babo zokubhala ezingezo-gas. Ukongeza, ukuphakheja izityalo, izitishana sombane kunye nezityalo kwibhoyila kwimigqomo (iiyunithi block), nto leyo eyenza ukuba inkampani "Roltom Engineering" kwifektri yayo Kolomna, kwandisa ubomi inkonzo yabo, ekubeni ibloko-umnqongo akoyiki yemozulu ebandayo (it zingamelana phantsi ku - 60 ˚ C), kwaye siyafana BHALA iyiphucule banxibe ukumelana ngenxa umgangatho ophezulu izinto kunye nokubulawa.

Noko ke, eyona ngxaki inkulu kukungabikho kwezibonelelo irhasi. Ngokutsho Rosnedra uqikelelo namhlanje 600 lamawaka. Km lothungelwano igesi, kuquka womnatha aphezulu ephantsi-70% yesibambiso nje ukuvula okwangoku. Loo izibonelelo enkulu akukho namnye umntu ehlabathini. Kuphuhliso ziingcali lwezibonelelo igesi ziqikelela kuthatha malunga nama-30 ezigidi zeerandi US. Le mbambano ingasonjululwa a yobehlulelani bukarhulumente nabezoshishino labucala kunye nokutsala zimali. Namhlanje, iinkampani ioli, ngubani wayiqokelela imali eyaneleyo ukuze uphakamise ushishino oyile, iinkampani igesi elizimeleyo bakulungele ukutyala imali eninzi nokwandiswa kwenkqubo yezothutho igesi ohlangeneyo Russia. Apha ke asithethi malunga sa thina. Okukhathazayo kukuba kufuneka sikhona ukufumanisa indlela yokuhlawula le mali, ngenxa yokuba namhlanje umthetho awukuvumeli ukuba imibhobho zabucala. Namhlanje, iinkampani ioli, ngubani wayiqokelela imali eyaneleyo ukuze uphakamise ushishino oyile, iinkampani igesi elizimeleyo bakulungele ukutyala imali eninzi nokwandiswa kwenkqubo yezothutho igesi emanyeneyo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukumisela indlela yokuhlawula kolutyalomali kwaye nokuphuhlisa isicwangciso kuphuhliso lwamashisini oyile. Inkqubo gasification kwimimandla Russian linyathelo lokuqala malunga yotshintsho amafutha kunye namandla, kodwa kusekho iingxaki ezininzi ezifuna izisombululo engxamisekileyo ngentsebenziswano phakathi kweenkampani karhulumente kunye nawabucala. Emva irhasi - ngundoqo ekusombululeni iingxaki yokusebenzisa amandla kunye nokugqitywa amafutha.

[1] http://www.newsland.ru/news/detail/id/914297/