Projekthi Environmental enkulisa. Imizobo nemisebenzi yezandla kwimiba yendalo

Eneneni namhlanje, uhlobo lwemisebenzi zemfundo, ekuthiwa ukufunda projekthi-based, yenye yezona eziphambili nezingqinekayo ngempumelelo abantwana kunye nemfundo. Ngokusekelwe kolu hlobo loqeqesho ukuphunyezwa ulandelelwano ethile iiprojekthi zoqeqesho, sithwele complex, phakathi ezinikezelwa kokunqumama ngenjongo ukufunxeka engcono kunye nokugcinwa ulwazi. Owaseka ingcamango ukufunda ngokusebenzisa idraft Dzhon Dyui - nososayensi.

Luhlobo luni imilo?

Eyona njongo iphambili yale nkqubo zemfundo wenza uphando olukhawulezileyo yokusingqongileyo kwayijikeleza umntwana. Ehamba abafundi ngutitshala zibanjwa indlela echumayo elide, ukusuka kwiprojekthi enye ukuya kwenye. Ngamnye kubo isethi ngokuthe ubuxhakaxhaka imisebenzi yeprekthikhali nokuphuhlisa kwaye enze ukuba abantwana.

Le ndlela isekelwe kwiyunithi eyahlukileyo umsebenzi search. Ngalinye iiprojekthi ukuba kube mnandi, ukuze bazazi abantwana njenge mpathombi umdla yaye iluncedo, nokuvusa nehlombe. Sombulula imisebenzi, abantwana bafunde izakhono ezingundoqo ezifana isicwangciso wokukora, ukukhetha indlela ilungelo ukufezekisa oko, uvavanyo lwempembelelo. Bafunda ukuba bacinge kwaye uqale ukuba uxanduva ngezigqibo ezivuselela uphuhliso engqondweni. Ulwazi namava umntwana ekhula rhoqo, ukuphuculwa kwezakhono, nokuphuhlisa ubuchule, ukwazi, kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo nezinye iimpawu luncedo.

Iingongoma eziphambili

Isiseko e-worldwork theory yokufunda usebenzisa le projekthi isekelwe phezu postulates embalwa esisiseko, ezizezi:

1. Iziko yonke imisebenzi mfundiso nobuntu umfundi.

2. I-logic yemisebenzi projekthi kufuneka ayakuthwala intsingiselo esingaqondwayo umntwana, ngaphandle apho izizathu ulwazi iya kuncitshiswa.

3. Nganye abafundi abasebenza kwiprojekthi ngesantya zabo ngokomgangatho yabo yophuhliso.

4. Kufuneka ukhuthaze ukusetyenziswa ulwazi olufundwe ezahlukahlukeneyo, nto leyo inegalelo nokwenziwa yabo enzulu Nakukubona.

Into nje

Projekthi ziyahluka - ngokutsho umsebenzi okhoyo ukuba uphando, monoproekty ubuchule, umkhuba ebomini okanye umdlalo (kwiyelenqe-nxaxheba-form), unako kuchongwa uhlobo cula kwisifundo-isiqulatho (ukusetyenziswa ngaphakathi kwicandelo elithile theoretical component), okanye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, ezifikelela nje iseti eyahlukileyo iindawo.

iiprojekthi ezahlukeneyo kunye nohlobo inxaxheba. Umzekelo, izifundo zokusingqongileyo ukuba abantwana kuqhutywa phakathi abafundi kwiqela elinye okanye amaninzi, kwaye ziquka yonke ukwakhiwa pre-school, okanye yonke mmandla. Inani nxaxheba nabo babe eyahlukileyo.

Kukho iiprojekthi ezo ze umlinganiswa ngamnye, kwakunye kabini, kuba iqela elincinane okanye ngengqokelela. Kuxhomekeka ngexesha lomsitho, ukuba yahlulwe elifutshane (ixesha apho sibekwe iiklasi enye okanye ngaphezulu kwaye ithatha iiveki ezingama omnye ukuya ezimbini), kwithuba eliphakathi (ukuya kwinyanga enye) kunye nelide (ixesha ukususela kwiinyanga enye ukuya ezintandathu okanye ngaphezulu).

Yintoni ukuba sihlole

Xa kungeniswa ubuchwepheshe kule hlobo loqeqesho kuyimfuneko ukuba babambelele iimfuno ezithile.

1. Lo msebenzi uzibeke phambi kwabantwana, kufuneka ibaluleke kubo ngokwemiqathango bobuchule kunye nenzala uphando.

2. Iziphumo banyanzelekile ukuba athwale zombini ixabiso yokuqonda kunye nezenziwayo.

3. Ukugxininisa umsebenzi ngokuzimeleyo abafundi kufanele bonke.

4. Umxholo isinyanzelo luhlelwe ngokucacileyo.

5. Kuyimfuneko ukuba kungafundiswa ukusetyenziswa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela uphando - evela imigqaliselo kunye imifuniselo ukuba zesimo.

Kakade ke, kufuneka sihlale sikhumbula ubudala abafundi. Ngokwale iingongoma, umsebenzi iprojekthi abantwana zabasakhasayo ikhona kumanqanaba ezintathu ezahlukeneyo.

projekthi Environmental kwiqela omnci enkulisa

Kuba abantwana abaminyaka yobudala eyi-3.5 ukuya kwezi-5, oko kubizwa ngokuba imitative kakuhle. Abantwana abakule minyaka yobudala la mava obomi, inqanaba sezobuntlola kunye nobuchule nangoku zabo ephantsi kakuhle. Ngoko ke, iprojekthi lokusingqongileyo kwiqela omncinane enkulisa ixhomekeke ikakhulu kuphela izenzo lukatitshala - izigqibo benolwazi ngelixa abantwana ayikwazi ukukwenza.

Umfundi, ndiphimisele iimfuno kunye nomdla kwindawo ethile ebomini wakho abe "umthengi" ngokweprojekthi ethile. Kokubonakala, abantwana zama kubadlali inqanaba umkhathaleli ukwenza imisebenzi. Kunye ne abasafunda ukuhamba utitshala uzama ukuba ukuhlalutya ezi ziphumo.

Nkqu iinzame ezininzi uNothozamile kwi amanyathelo ezizimeleyo kufuneka bakhuthazwe ukuba badumise abantwana ngokuthatha inyathelo kwaye babhiyozele zonke iinkalo ezintle kuphuhliso lwabo.

Xa abantwana abadala

Enye into - iprojekthi yokusingqongileyo kwiqela phakathi enkulisa. Xa kwiminyaka emihlanu okanye abantwana bakholisa ukuba ubukho amava ezithile zobomi lwentlalo. Abakwisikolo sabantwana kule ubudala ukuba unxibelelwano olo noontanga kunye nentsebenziswano, babe iziqalelo amanyathelo ngendlela engaqondakaliyo, nokuzeyisa kunye nokukwazi ukuhlola ngokwabo nabanye. inqanaba ukwanela xa zidibene noontanga sele ngokwaneleyo phezulu.

Abantwana phantsi amandla ukuqaphela ingxaki, ucacise zize ziqulunqe wokukora ukhethe indlela elifanelekileyo kufikelelwe kuyo. uncedo abadala iyafuneka kulo mzekelo kangangoko encinane kakhulu. projekthi Environmental kwiqela phakathi enkulisa ingabizwa ukuphuhlisa.

Emva koko - nokuba ezinomdla kakhulu

Ekupheleni konyaka wesithandathu ebomini, kwakunye ungubani umntwana yesixhenxe abunjwe ngokukhawuleza, kwaye iprojekthi lokusingqongileyo ezintsonkothileyo enkulisa. Okulandelayo doshkolyat iqela ebonakala izinga lokukhula eliphezulu njengento ngokwasengqondweni nobuntu. msebenzi omdala kukuxhasa ubuchule bokuyila kunye nokwenza indawo ekhuthaza indalo yakuqala, intshukumo ekujoliswe ezikhethiweyo kunye nokuphunyezwa ezo amanyathelo abonakalayo ezifuna iprojekthi lokusingqongileyo enkulisa. Iqela abaphezulu abafundi uyakwazi ukuphuhlisa nokuphumeza inyathelo creative ngokwenene.

ukuqala phi?

iprojekthi nganye yokusingqongileyo enkulisa sibanjwa kuthotyelwe kunye nolandelelwano oyifunayo. Zeziphi ezi zigaba ngayo? Okokuqala, oko kulukhetho imixholo kunye neendidi, kwakunye nenani nokwakhiwa nxaxheba. Emva koko kufuneka ukuchonga le ngxaki ukuze ubeke injongo ethile. Okulandelayo yinkqubo kokucwangcisa amanyathelo ezikhokelela kuyo, kwaye ukhetho iindlela lomsebenzi projekthi kunye nokwabiwa kwemisebenzi phakathi nxaxheba.

Emva koko, ngamnye kwabo ababandakanyekayo kuyo, ukuziqesha, isabelo iingxaki zikhutshwa kuye. Phakathi, i-data luqinisekisiwe kwaye kuxoxwa, emva koko japan yabo ngamnye ngasinye nxaxheba ziya kukhuselwa. Ugqibezela zonke iingcinga kunye izigqibo eziyimfuneko.

Ngubani ofanele kukuqulunqa umxholo kunye ingxaki? Lo msebenzi katitshala, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimfuno zabantwana okanye abafundi phulo kwaye ngabantu abadala imibuzo ekhokelayo.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ubugcisa yokufunda yeprojekthi-based yonke inzuzo yalo elikhulu akukho lula kwaye ziyafikeleleka. Olu hlobo lomsebenzi kufuna ixesha elininzi ethatha ixesha elide, kwakunye ubukho ootitshala uyilo, umonde ezinkulu ngokuphathelele ngamnye abantwana. ootitshala uthole kufuneka kunyanzelwa kwimibutho ukusebenza nabantwana kule fomu ethile - isisombululo kuthatha ngutitshala kuphela yena.

projekthi Environmental enkulisa: Group zokuzilola

Ngoku makhe ukusuka ithiyori lokuziqhelanisa. Ngokomzekelo, cinga iprojekthi ye umxholo yokusingqongileyo othi "Thina abahlobo kunye nendalo, umgqomo akuyomfuneko thina." Yena ijolise kubantwana abaneminyaka 6-7 kwaye kubandakanya inani labathathi-nxaxheba ebantwini-10.

Ukwenza umthambo, utitshala ufumana ekuthiwa yokundwendwela kweprojekthi, apho zonke iimpawu zayo eziphambili ziya kuluhlu. Cacisa i parameters kweprojekthi zethu; kuhlobo esinceda ngayo ulwazi kunye nophando, umxholo wayo luquka uvula othi "Abantwana kunye nokhuselo indalo", abathathi-nxaxheba ukuba iprojekthi yethu yokusingqongileyo enkulisa up - iqela wokulungiselela abafundi, ootitshala nabazali.

Le - yiprojekthi ehlangeneyo, ubude umalunga elifutshane. Imiba nivuse eziphambili - ingqikelelo ukhuselo lokusingqongileyo kunye neenzame ingqalelo kwi "eyinkunkuma" imiba. Iiprojekthi "Yalusa yohlobo lweenkobe" epriskuli zithandwa kakhulu ngenxa ukufaneleka yesihloko kunye nokufumaneka ukuqonda abantwana.

concept ekhaya

Le mbono phambili ngutitshala, yile: ukuba inkunkuma ukuba bazilahle yonke imihla, zinokulungiswa ngayo, ngoko komkrozo ngamnye ngamnye inokuphinda irisayikilishwe ukuze indalo ayiphazamiseki. Okanye mhlawumbi ukusuka inkunkuma iya yezandla kwimiba yendalo?

Xa ithiyori yeprojekthi kubalulekile ukuba kuvunwe ukungxamiseka le ngxaki ezaphakanyiswa. Kule meko sithetha ekukwazini ubudala umntwana uhlalutyo bayiphapheleyo izenzo zabo kunye utshintsho ukuya kwinqanaba entsha yokunxibelelana ngokweemvakalelo kunye nexabiso. Ubuntu kwakheka ngokwasengqondweni nje kuphela, kodwa yokuziphatha. Umntwana sele uyazi kwamandla uninzi ihlabathi lijongene neengxaki zokusingqongileyo. Umsebenzi iingcali - lixesha ukufumana iindlela ekunene yemfundo ngokusingqongileyo. Ikhosi yoqeqesho "Ihlabathi" kwi Dow iya kuba luncedo okulungileyo ngutitshala.

ngokoqobo ukubukela

yonke imihla Abantwana enkulisa uhambo, apho kufuneka bathathe inxaxheba lokucoca kwaye ubukele lonke ixesha isixa elininzi inkunkuma. abafundi kufuneka tyhala ixesha uzibuze umbuzo olula - apho inkunkuma sithathwa, Kuthatha apho phandle, kwenzeka ntoni kubo elandelayo.

Eyona ngongoma, leyo ibizwa isiganeko efanayo kwimiba yokusingqongileyo - ukuyilwa inkcubeko kokusingqongileyo kujoliswe kwi indawo yokunyamekela bume. iinjongo Eziluncedo kweprojekthi ekunokuthiwa abantwana bafumana izimvo malunga neendidi neempawu inkunkuma yasekhaya, iingozi zabo kwimpilo yoluntu kunye nezilwanyana.

isihloko Environmental enkulisa namhlanje kakhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu. Abantwana kufuneka bazi ukuba eyona mithombo iphambili ungcoliseko lwamanzi kunye zongcoliseko lomoya, kwakunye nezinye izibonelelo zendalo, imiphumo kunokubangela nemisebenzi yabantu, yaye yintoni esimele siyenze ukuze ukuthintela kubo. Kunye utitshala kufuneka bazame ukufumana iindlela ukuphinda-ukusetyenziswa kweentlobo ezithile ngezinto eyinkunkuma.

utitshala umsebenzi

projekthi Environmental enkulisa iqulathe izigaba ezininzi. Eyokuqala kwezi - wokulungiselela. Lo msebenzi - ithuba lokuyihlolisisa le meko kwaye isigqibo malunga neenjongo eziphambili. Kweli nqanaba, utitshala kufuneka bawuqhele iimbekiselo kunye namava abalingane babo, ngokunjalo ukujonga ingqikelelo theoretical component siganeko. Emva koko kukhulise imephu bomsebenzi ocetywayo, njengoko apho ulungiselela aze alungise izixhobo zokufundisa ekhethiweyo.

Inqanaba lesibini ingabizwa bombutho. On kufuneka banikwe imisebenzi zokusingqongileyo Group kunye nokubandakanyeka yomsebenzi elizayo yabazali. Enye iibhloko ibandakanya iipropati ingqalelo nezenzo abantwana uninzi izinto ezibangqongileyo kunye nezinto - iplastiki, iglasi, iphepha, intsimbi, irabha, njalo-njalo.

Kufuneka ibambe iingxoxo umxholo ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo inkunkuma yasekhaya. Ngexesha lo msebenzi unobtrusively kwakhiwa ubuchule bokwazi kids yokuziphatha eziphilayo. Mentor ubonelela ntetho obuyimfuneko kwisihloko icebisa abazali, aziyeke lephephandaba self-eyenziwe.

Isigaba sesithathu - pfunaka. Lo msebenzi engena elula ifomu ulwazi zemvelo ngokwazisa iintlobo ezithile. Ukusebenza kwesi sigaba, abazali ukunika ikhweshine ukuqinisekisa inqanaba labo lobuchule kulo mba, kwakunye nendlela umxholo iyafaneleka kwintsapho ethile.

Ukuze inceda utitshala

Yiyiphi imibuzo kufuneka iqulathe ikhweshine abazali? uluhlu olubonisa ngazo kungaba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. luni inkunkuma kakhulu kuphosa usapho lwakho ukuba veki?

2. Ingaba sele naluphi na uhlobo inkunkuma Yamkela?

3. Wenza ntoni na inkunkuma - aqhumisele, yiya enkukumeni ngayo, njalo-njalo ..?

4. Ingaba unayo umkhwa tinkering izinto junk abantwana DIY imiba yokusingqongileyo, ngokunjalo ukuhombisa egadini?

5. Ingaba unayo nayiphi na ingcamango malunga neengozi zenkunkuma yasekhaya?

6. Ngaba kuyaqhubeka kwintetho usapho lwakho nabantwana malunga neengozi zenkunkuma yasekhaya?

7. Yintoni na enani kwenkunkuma ngexesha uhambahambe eyadini okanye epakini?

8. Ngaba ukufunda abantwana iincwadi ngalo? Ngaba ngokukhawuleza kunyuka uze uzobe umfanekiso kwimiba yendalo?

9. Ingaba inxaxheba kwi lokucoca kweyadi yakhe ukuba qhoboshela nabantwana bayo?

10. Ingaba abantwana bakho mkhwa lokusoloko ndahlukane yenkunkuma emva nawuphi na umsebenzi?

11. Ingaba yanelisekile lizinga lombutho zokulahla inkunkuma kwindawo yakho?

12. Ngawaphi amacebiso onokulwenza iinkonzo isixeko ngalo mba?

Ququzelela esweni ulahle inkunkuma ekhayeni enkulisa. Njengoko efunde inkunkuma, apho ndikubeke oko kuthabatha ngaphandle, apho sibekwe amakhulu kunye neetoti doti? Kukangaphi abazali balahle inkunkuma?

Iiklasi esebenzayo abantwana

Abantwana kufuneka baziqhelanise neentlobo neempawu izinto ezahlukeneyo zibangqongile kubomi bemihla ngemihla, umzekelo, cinga iphepha iinjongo ezahlukeneyo - yekhadibhodi, izihlunu, Newsprint, yenyuka. Vumela abantwana banikele ingqalelo umahluko umgangatho kunye neepropati - kuba lephepha selubala okanye hayi, obhityileyo okanye elingqingqwa, rough okanye ecwebezelayo, zingabangela, anda, okanye ukufumana manzi, kunokutshiseka.

Ngokufanayo, abantwana kufuneka banikwe ithuba lokujongisisa zonke izinto ezikhoyo eyenziwe ngeplastiki, imithi kunye negilasi, kwangaxeshanye ukunikela ingqalelo kwiimpawu zomzimba kunye neempawu yabathengi kwezi zinto. Kufuneka bakwazi ukuba bakuxelele ngayo yonke into kunye uluhlu iimpawu zayo ibalulekileyo.

projekthi Environmental enkulisa inika intlangano zikamasifundisane enobuchule, apho iisampuli izinto ezingento ziya kuqokelelwa. Abantwana kufuneka sibonise indlela yezandla ezintle original kubo ungenza ngezandla zabo. Kukho kwakhona umsebenzi slide show kunye neentetho, kwakunye ukufunda iincwadi ulwazi, iphephandaba lokusingqongileyo, isixhobo zaselaborathri iimvavanyo kunye imifuniselo.

Zonke - yendalo!

Inyathelo efanayo angaquka ukuqwalaselwa esebenzayo, uhamba ze excursions ingqwalasela yokusingqongileyo kwi ecaleni ezitratweni yokukhathalela umntwana kwiipaki. Kwi uhamba abantwana kufuneka banikwe ithuba lokuba ukulungisa ngocoselelo loo nkunkuma ukutsalela ingqalelo yabo ngayo inkunkuma uncleared utshisa ngumoya.

Ingqwalasela Trip lokusingqongileyo kuqhutywa epakini ekufutshane okanye amahlathi. Tshekisha ukuba kukho inkunkuma apho, nalapho kakhulu. Ukuba abantwana bafumane nokusingathwa yayigcwele ephoswe abakhenkethi zingakhathaliyo, phawula indlela amabi ngayo ikhangeleka, nendlela abantu ezingemnandi kutyelela iindawo ezinjalo.

Ukuba kummandla kokuya esikolweni kukho umthombo okanye umthombo encinane, kuyimfuneko ukuba alungiselele ukhenketho kuye kwinkqubo kwenza kucace ukuba kufuneka kwenziwe abantu ukuze kuthintelwe ungcoliseko lwamanzi.

Emahlathini kwaye kufuphi ichibi

Kuyimfuneko ukuba kungafundiswa abantwana kubalinganiswa zokusingqongileyo, chaza intsingiselo yazo nenjongo. Kids ungakwazi bebonke ukusombulula umba iphowusta "Gcina Nature".

Funda uhlobo ezisisiseko abalinganiswa, ku kids isifundo eyahlukileyo bafumane ukwenziwa yabo. Yenza ezininzi kwezi tablets, kufuneka athathe uhambo okanye uhambo eziphilayo nendawo echibini, ehlathini njalo-njalo. N.

Enkulisa kufuneka luqaliswe ngange lokhetho inkunkuma - uyaphule iindawo yeplastiki zokudlala eqokelelwe ngobozini-nye ukuya kwenye - ngokusika iphepha emva kwiiseshoni zoqeqesho. Imixholo isitya yesibini ukuze ibe nabantwana wangcwatywa emhadini umgquba.

Ukufihla "ubuncwane"

Le lokulinga ebizwa "kungcwaba udoti emhlabeni" yenzelwe ixesha elide. Le ndawo izitho wangcwatyelwa yomhlaba ngenxa inani lephepha inkunkuma, irabha, iplastiki, intsimbi, kwakunye amaxolo zamazambane, isikhumba-orenji, amasetyana kunye namagqabi. Indawo ziphawulwe iimpawu ezikhethekileyo.

Ukususela kumaxesha ngamaxesha abantwana kufuneka babe nomdla imixholo "ukulahla", ukukhangela ifuthe inkunkuma kungcwatywa ziimeko zemozulu - ilanga, imvula. Imigqaliselo kufuneka zibhalwe ngokufutshane kwidayari ekhethekileyo.

Ekupheleni olu lingelo abantwana kufuneka izigqibo: Ziziphi iintlobo zenkunkuma zibole kwaye ezo nto. Kwaye indlela yokujamelana inkunkuma eqinileyo, ukuze kakubi indalo.

ngosuku olulodwa kufuneka azinikele umxholo eziphilayo nentlangano kwemiboniso weendawo, yayisetyenziselwa kunye imidlalo yaphandle. iisampulu Exhibition elakhiwa iimveliso ezase. Ukuba uninzi imiboniso iza kwenziwa kids izandla, oku kufuneka ukuba isifundo angathethekiyo kuvusa umdla kwabayili abaselula. Negalelo - ukuzoba kwimiba yokusingqongileyo - unako ukwenza nkqu nxaxheba omncinane.

Ukuba ekugqibeleni?

Kule yokugqibela, Isigaba sesine, kufuneka ashwankathele, zishwankathela izifundo abazifundileyo. Oku kunokwenziwa ngokohlobo etafileni. projekthi Environmental enkulisa abonisa iziphumo, nto leyo inxaxheba kwabantwana nabazali babo ekwenzeni imisebenzi zokusingqongileyo, ukwanda kolwazi abafundi kunye neentsapho malunga nokhuseleko lwendalo, eziphilayo isixeko zomthonyama kunye mmandla, ukuphuculwa ngentsebenziswano nabafundi abavela kummandla ukuhamba, ihonjiswe 'inkunkuma yakhe "izinto, ezifana - .. yezandla yeebhotile zeplastiki, njl iziphumo eziluncedo Visual ibhalwe ngohlobo idalwe ngexesha le albhamu projekthi kunye namaphephandaba eludongeni.

Newspaper kungaba iifoto iikona enezinto endalo, iziqephu ezingcolileyo kwi iiyadi ezithile kunye like. Yonke esipapashwe kwiphephandaba eludongeni zokwexeshana okanye kuthatha uhlobo-ntetho phantsi Isaci: "! Oku akumelanga kunga"

Esinye sezona ziganeko umdla kuba ngumntu ikhwizi yokusingqongileyo umxholo ukhuselo lokusingqongileyo. Yokuziphatha kufuneka ibe kufutshane nokugqitywa kweprojekthi. Iimpendulo kwimibuzo abantwana baya kuba nako ukusebenzisa lonke ulwazi ezifunyenweyo.