RATAN 600: injongo siseko ukusebenza

RATAN-600 - irediyo Array sikhulu ehlabathini, ibekwe Karachaevo-Cherkessia. Isipili zaseprayimari ububanzi of leemitha 576, kwaye kwindawo eriyali zejometri ngu 15000 ^m2. Telescope yenzelwe ukufunda langa, ilanga, iminyele, izinto extragalactic, ukukhutshwa ecacicleyo, kunye nezinye iinjongo.

Imbali: RATAN-600

Ingcamango ekwakheni yerediyo ngenxa yomsebenzi yasekhaya S. E. Haykina kunye N. L. Kaydanovskogo kubalulekile ukuya kwi 50. Ekuqaleni a pilot Pulkovo iteleskopu yamiselwa ngokwesiseko ngawo ukusebenza kwe-eriyali variable-iprofayile kuphando isithuba singqiniwe.

Yaba iMfazwe Yomlomo, xa US kunye USSR usukuzwano yayi- kumda. Iinkokheli waphefumlela bekusungulwa isathelayithi yokuqala, efunekayo (ukuba uyakholiswa izazinzulu) ukubethelela impumelelo kokwakhiwa into elizukileyo ukuhambahamba esibhakabhakeni. Baba unique imitha ezintandathu azimuthal Array isipili BTA kunye RATAN-600. Idrafti yokugqibela eyamkelwe 18.08.1965 ngonyaka.

Ngu lowe-1974, icandelo yomntla kugqame kuye kwanikelwa kunye irradiator №1. Lo mthombo wokuqala radio pks 0521-36 wancinwa 12.07.1974 ngonyaka. Ekuqaleni kuka 1977, inxalenye eseleyo zakhiwo zaqaliswa: a kugqame tyaba, amacandelo esemazantsi, empuma nasentshona.

incazelo

RATAN-600 iteleskopu liqhutywa yi-Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SAO) - kuphela xa Observatory-iklasi kwihlabathi Russian. Into features-manzi 576 eriyali setyhula (setyhula kugqame) eyenziwa inezigaba 895. Ubungakanani nganye ukwamkelwa element - 2 m ububanzi kunye 11.4 m ukuphakama.

Bengavumi 15000 m ² eriyali ngokwayo ukusuka kwindawo iyonke (umphandle) ithatha 3500 kuphela m ^2. Inxalenye engaphakathi yi ibala elivulekileyo apho Wazilungisa radiators, iindidi izixhobo, abafumana nokuhlalutya radiation cosmic.

RATAN-600 ifakelwe, nto leyo ifoto umxhelo, emaphethelweni akumazantsi lali Zelenchukskaya (Karachaevo-Cherkessia). Le Observatory yokuhlala, kuquka izakhiwo zeelebhu, izakhiwo zokuhlala, isikolo, ibekwe phezu kweendonga kuMlambo Great Zelenchuk kufuphi Nizhne-Arkhyz zokuhlala kwiinkulungwane 9-13.

iimpawu technical

Isixhobo imigaqo RATAN-600 ezintsha uyilo Array: altazimutalnaya intaba, i njini beso kunye umphezulu elawulwayo. Iimpawu eziphambili:

• impendulo Ubuninzi: 610-30000 MHz.
• Uluhlu kwamaza: 1-50 cm.
• Ukuchaneka: imizuzwana 1-10 ye arc.
• I emboxo Isisombululo ubuninzi 2 arc. umzuzwana.
• Le Ubhaqo Umda lobushushu nokuqaqamba: 0,050 MK.
• Umda Ubhaqo loxinano nobhobhozayo: 0,500 mYanskih.

Enkosi kwi iqela labaphandi abo ekudaleni rhoqo ukuphucula ezi zixhobo, isakhiwo kuhlala efunekayo esweni yonke.

ukufumana indawo ehlala umqhubi wenqwelo-moya

Ngaphandle kwe kugqame setyhula, ukuqokelela kwaye ingqondo ulwazi (radiation) baxhotyiswa ezintlanu bafumana RATAN tile. Baya ukurekhoda izixhobo.

Weminquba kumaqonga kaloliwe, elikuvumela ukuba ukuhambisa ukuba iindlela ebabusisakha-12. Ukushukumiseka inika izinto isifundo azimuths ezahlukeneyo kunye ingxolo ° 30.

imisebenzi yesayensi

I CAO lisebenzisa inkqubo ebanzi kwizifundo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka:

• ukufunda ebanzi yomsebenzi elanga kunomathotholo.
• Astrometria ne umda Isisombululo emboxo (speckle Interferometry) star zokubini nempahla ezininzi ngamnye star ne umoya elongeziweyo.
• High umoya Isisombululo Spectroscopy kunye imimoya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze iinkwenkwezi (ingakumbi, i-complex iye umthengisi enkulu zemilinganiselo kwamabala kazibuthe iinkwenkwezi).
• Radio kunye spectroscopy enombala of mafu kwezinye iminyele zethu.
• Photometry Isisombululo zexeshana umda izinto relativistic (pulsars, imingxuma emnyama, kunye nezinye).
• Photometry kunye spectroscopy nganiso yaye ephantsi microquasars zokusombulula, lenses omxhuzulane, iminyele kwaye abayinqobo kuye, iinkwenkwezi ngamnye kubo.
• Ukwakha umfanekiso kunye kinematic lwendawo iqela lasekuhlaleni beminyele.
• Photometry spectroscopy kunye namacandelo woqondo gamma-iincopho ngokwemigama khozimologi.Sonke.
• Radiokartirovanie microwave yangasemva iphela.

RATAN-600 (Zelenchuk) iye le meko izixhobo evulelekileyo ukwabelana. Kunye izazi lwasekhaya inxalenye ebalulekileyo ixesha ukugcina yabelwa koogxa amazwe, njengoko umthetho, ekuzalisekisweni kweeprojekthi ezidibeneyo.

kwempucuko

Kule minyaka i CAO kuye kwasekwa iqela eyodwa izazi, abanini sixhobo. Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, iingcali retool iteleskopu balwamkele imitha kunye neempawu zayo eziphakamileyo rhoqo kuyanda: onovakalelo, ecacicleyo, zesithuba kunye nesisombululo zexeshana.

Ngokukodwa, exhobele kwakhona izixhobo lokuqhuba irradiators eziziisekondari RATAN-600 kwaye waqalisa automated ulawulo irradiators inkqubo yokumisa. Inguqulo entsha ye ecacicleyo elanga kunye nokwehlukana kwisakhiwo Isinxulumaniso (SPKVR-2) isebenza ukususela ku-2008.

Kuba ingxelo kokuma Sun iphuhlise inthanethi, nto leyo elenza ukuqokelelwa kweenkcukacha-time lokwenene nohlalutyo. Kuye iinkonzo nokukhangela kunye nocazululo data, kuquka uthelekiso kunye data evela kwezinye izixhobo, ukufumana spectra kunye nezinye iparameters ke imithombo yasekuhlaleni.

Umsebenzi kuyaqhubeka ngokusetyenziswa kweziko kwisigaba feed saseprayimari esinye ekuvumela ukuba 'esemi "kugxila kwinjongo ephambili kwaye wenze imigqaliselo inkxaso kwimo multi-njalo (" ilizwi "irradiators project №1 kwaye №3).
Umsebenzi uphantsi kophando kwaye esweni uphazamiseko lwangaphandle UHF band lokuzalisa elandelayo yomendo yolwamkelo ukuze kukhuseleke evela radiometers uphazamiseko magnetic ukuba isukela.

ukufunda kuba

CAO ivelela Iinkqubo zophando eyenzelwe ukuba asikhanyisele iimfihlelo iphela. Phakathi iiprojekthi eziphambili:

• Sun Research.
• Isakhiwo kunye yeefom ze gesi oluphakathi kwimimandla star bokwakha.
• Umsebenzi imithombo radio extragalactic.
• Ukufuna Jets relativistic kwi iminyele iyasebenza quasars.
• Uphando lwesakhiwo kunye yeefom ze gesi oluphakathi kwi nkwenkwezi.
• Ukufunda spectra of extragalactic yesiqalo-izinto.
• sofuzo ukwakheka.
• Imigqaliselo Matrix inkqubo yekhompyutha Mars-3.
• Multi-kwamaza ukuqwalaselwa into lsi + 61,303.
• Ukufundwa spectra kunye Ukwahluka of GPS-imithombo.
• spectra ngaxeshanye izinto BL Lac.
• Ukongamela microquasars.

buhle

Phakathi iingenelo ingcali iteleskopu Russian bekela:

• indawo enkulu yasendle nonaberrational;
• imilinganiselo multifrequency (0,6-35 GHz);
• ukwanda resolution;
• ukwanda Uvakalelo lobushushu ukukhanya.

Kule minyaka izayo uya kuba RATAN nokuba ngcono: Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation ngo-2015 sele ligqibe ukwabela engange-100 yezigidi ukuba ufakelo kweeyunithi eziziimobhayili. Ukuba ngoku yerediyo ukuba bagcine izinto ibekwe ngqo emehlweni, ngoko emva kokuba uphuculo ziya kuba nako kuhamba kujoliswe kufundwa. Eli lithuba elilodwa ukwandisa ukusebenza zakhiwo.

Nangona injongo yayo entsonkothileyo zobugcisa kukwaluphala, RATAN-600 kuyaqhubeka ukuba Array ngobukhulu isikwere. Ukhuphiswano lelona imbaxa yakutshanje Chinese kunye FAST pyatisotmetrovoy beso.