Robots irobhothi: photo and Technology

Kule minyaka idlulileyo, izixhobo zoshishino cybernetic ngokoqobo lithathelwe umntu kunye namashishini eziyingozi, obungabangeli mdla kwaye inzima. Kwixa elizayo eqikelelwayo ukwandiswa Android nkonzo. robots irobhothi iya bawubuyise ummi routine kwemicimbi ikhaya, ziya abanyamekela ngayo abadala, abantwana abakhubazekileyo zokufunda.

I AMAGQABAZA ▸ yokuqala

Ngowe-1639, kwaqalisa ngaphezu ezimbini bodwa nyaka ikhulu Japan ukusuka kwakutshabalala ihlabathi. Lokuthengisa kwizibuko Nagasaki wavunyelwa ukuba abarhwebi ezimbalwa ukusuka Holland neChina, esivumela banenkcubeko eyahluke Japanese ukuphuhlisa indlela yayo ngaphandle nayiphi na impembelelo ngaphandle. Yaba ukuqalwa onodoli weza kweli xesha, "Karakuri".

Enyanisweni, lo robhothi yokuqala irobhothi kunye clockwork, nangona ezinye iimodeli ezingaqhelekanga iqhutywa ngomphunga, amanzi okanye isanti yayifafazeke. Dolls ububele abantu ngexesha imikhosi, babenempilo ethandwa kakhulu kumakhaya afumileyo.

Unomdla isixhobo lwangaphakathi "Karakuri" kwaba amanyala, kwaye ngaphandle sele ihlawulwe ingqalelo kangangoko indlela drive.

Technology and Psychology

robots Japanese irobhothi ukuseta kumda wesangqa jikelele zophuhliso yezixhobo cybernetic kwabaphuhlisi ehlabathini jikelele. The main ubunzima ekudaleni iinkqubo anthropomorphic - imfuneko yophando multi-disciplinary. Ukusebenza engqinelanayo nelungelelanisiweyo kufuneka senze iinjineli kuphela kunye badwelisi benkqubo, zezibalo kunye yemvelo, kodwa iisayikholojisti, kwezentlalo kunye mbali.

Umntu nokuyicinga ngaphandle iimvakalelo. Yaye le modeli ezihlangeneyo, ukongeza kwi "hardware" kunye software yingxenye lesithathu inkqubo ebaluleke kakhulu anthropomorphic - iimvakalelo. isayensi ekhethekileyo Uphando kule ndawo bengasetyenziswa izalana ngokusondeleyo ukuya noluntu - weerobhoti zentlalo robopsihologiya.

robots irobhothi, ngaphandle ubuchule ukuze akwazi intshukumo elula ngomatshini, kufuneka ilifa basemoyeni, nokuzeyisa-learning kunye nokuziqhelanisa.

Yini i Android?

robots irobhothi bafunde imisebenzi emitsha kunye nezakhono ukuze basebenzisane mntu. Eyona onomtsalane ke impumelelo kuphuhliso imisebenzi zilandelayo:

• Unobhala. Android kubulisa iindwendwe, othetha iinkonzo okanye iimveliso zenkampani.
• Umlungiseleli. Irobhothi uthatha umyalelo (ngomlomo okanye nge touch screen), edlulisela ulwazi ekhitshini, izitya aze anike umthengi ulindele (kwaye ayifuni isilumkiso!). ukusetyenziswa Robokafe South Korea ethandwa kakhulu.
• Guide. Guide. Uchaza iinkcukacha malunga mboniso, avuleke.
• Mfundisi. Nomnakekeli. Iluncedo kakhulu abantwana ukufunda ukude kwi program ngamnye.
• Cosmonaut. Ubuncinane, kukho ezimbini umzekelo ekhoyo: "Japanese" KIROBO kunye 'American "Robonaut 2 Ke ukuba le yokuqala yenzelwe kuphela unxibelelwano kunye crew (iifoto, umyalezo), le yokugqibela unako ukwenza ngokwawo imisebenzi ezintsonkothileyo zobugcisa emajukujukwini.

iqhawe anthropomorphic

ngumqondo oluthandayo fiction isayensi iba yimpumelelo. robots ezobuchwepheshe Military ixesha elide ngempumelelo bagqwese eUnited States. Noko ke, ide ifike kwinkqubo yokulwa nokuhambisa, kakuhle bazibiza ngexesha lomsebenzi e Iraq kunye Afghanistan. izixhobo ezinjalo ukumelana neengxaki intelligence nobunjineli ngempumelelo.

Ukulwa robots irobhothi ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu kakhulu eyayikho kwimibhalo abangabodwa iisampuli mboniso. Umzekelo, lwalingwa Android Method1, wabonisa ngabaphuhlisi Korean. Walker uyakwazi ukusebenzisa iingalo zakhe ukuhambahamba, ezilinganisa izakhiwo iintshukumo abawasebenzisayo. A irobhothi elikhulu irobhothi uba ukuphakama kuyimitha-4 kunye ubunzima neetoni 1.5 ka.

Okunye ubungakanani athobekile iye Android Russian, kodwa kumsebenzi omninzi: ukudubula ngompu, ulawulo ATV, unyango. Irobhothi zithathelwe imodeli ngaphambilana SAR-401 ( "technology Androidnye" NGO) yoguqulelo wamajoni imisebenzi wadala iimfuno ombutho "Roscosmos".

isiko Japanese

UHiroshi Ishiguro - uprofesa waseyunivesithi yesixeko Japanese ka Osaka kunye Institute for Advanced Technology e Kyoto - wazuza lonke udumo ngo-2006, thaca kuluntu yayo ikopi ngqo cybernetic - dzheminoida HI-1 (HI-1 Geminoid). Inani elikhulu zokuva kunye iinjini servo ivumela anthropomorphic zilinganisa nje izimbo zomzimba, kodwa nembonakalo yobuso prototype. imifuziselo elandelayo (HI-2; F-HI-4; q1) are bade okungenzeka. Enyanisweni, ezi robhothi ezininzi irobhothi - unopopi elawulwa yi kumsebenzisi nge esibonakalayo engasebenzi ngeengcingo.

Ngokutsho uprofesa, ufana naye ukuba kulula kakhulu ukuba ukufundisa Android ukucinga ngathi umntu benze izigqibo ezizezabo. Ngu uHiroshi Ishiguro ROBOTS footballers ngokwalo kuphela zifana abantu, kodwa ibhola, kwaye ukuqikelela indawo kwesango, ndimthumele kuye kanye target. Iqela "Intsimbi" Ishiguro --time ezintlanu neentshatsheli ehlabathini robofutbolu.

irobhothi Ebukekayo e China

Esi sidalwa esihle Jia valentine. Amanzi abamnyama iinwele nokusiwa iimpahla Chinese. Bencumile, wayeza ukuxhasa yababini elula unako ukukhangela isithuba, kwaye nkqu adlala kunye namadoda. Kuye abalandeli yayo ehlabathini lonke, ngubani baqamba yakhe "irobhothi nakuthixokazi."

Jia jia - Android yokuqala eTshayina, adalwe iinjineli kwiYunivesithi of Science and Technology (Hefei, China). Ukuphuhlisa iindlela kunye software eyodwa yokusebenza yathatha iminyaka emithathu, yaye oko kusenjalo kude ogqibeleleyo. inkokeli Project Chen Xiaoping waqinisekisa ukuba abalandeli bale "isithixokazi" abe nekamva eliqaqambileyo. Robots bekhula AI nijonge phambili ezibhedlele, kumakhaya abalupheleyo, ukwenza imisebenzi elula zokutyela.

robots irobhothi European

In the World Old iinkqubo irobhothi zakhiwa kwaye lugqibelele ngaphakathi iprojekthi ROBOSKIN. Umfuziselo idumileyo uCaspar kunye iCub, bancinci. Okokuqala kuphuhliswa University of Hertfordshire (UK) yaye yenzelwe ukuba linxibelelane kwaye bafundise abantwana ngendlela playful. Reaction Caspar ukuya ngaphandle kwebala, ngenxa ulusu ngumntu boluvo ezibuthathaka inokuba nomahluko kwaye ixhomekeke nangempi contact oyivileyo. In enomoya robot tickling ubonisa ukoneliseka kuhlabana eyomeleleyo ikhalazela intlungu.

umzimba robhothi iCub (Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa) elithile 53 yenkululeko, nayo eyaziyo, umatshini Android ngokuthinta. Kubonakala ngathi umntwana 4 - 5 iminyaka. Kungaba ukukhasa, ukulawula izinto, indlela elimi ngayo.

US Order State

Irobhothi PETMAN (umbhali kweprojekthi R. Pleyter, Boston Dinamics) ntoni ukubonisa iimvakalelo konke konke, ngenxa yesizathu esilula ukuba akukho intloko. It wadalwa yi umyalelo karhulumente ukuvavanya umgangatho kunye nokuvavanywa zokhuseleko iisuti. Irobhothi ine i parameters umlinganiselo umntu: ukuphakama 1,75 m ubunzima 80 kg. PETMAN aphendula ngayo umthambo. Ihamba ukubaleka kukhokelela ukuphefumla rhoqo ngakumbi, ubushushu bomzimba kakhulu, yaye ukubila.

Irobhothi uyakwazi ukwenza umthambo elula: iphendukile ukusuka emgangathweni, sekukukuguqa, ukukhasa, etc. kodwa kusetyenziswa injini kunye nenkqubo ngamanzi kweentambo-neengcingo ... Developers wathembisa ukuba kwixa elizayo iya kudala irobhothi irobhothi kunye nobonelelo amandla elizimeleyo.

Ngo-2014, iindlela ezintsha ezimbini ATLAS kunye Cheetah yabonelelwa ngezixhobo zokusebenza kunye ukuhamba enkulu, kodwa begcuma njengomthombo wamandla wangaphandle.

I-revolution iyeza?

UNjingalwazi ingqondo Vardi (Computer Engineering, iYunivesithi Rice, Houston, USA) uthi ukuba akukho uqingqo matshini koomatshini yaye ekugqibeleni uya kuba umntu ezikrelekrele okuninzi ugqibeleleyo. kakhulu kunyaka ngamnye kwaye ngakumbi ezithandwayo, ukuba uthando ke ndingenalo, gqitha kulo lonke ihlabathi robots irobhothi. Iifoto neevidiyo kwi Web ningazuza izigidi zemboniselo, ukanti ukwandiswa esondelayo kwezi robhothi nga kakhulu kwandisa isabelo abangasebenziyo. Xa iqela imisebenzi lomngcipheko kunye nezikhundla enakho ukuguqulwa iqokelelwe kwikhowudi yokubini: Abaququzeleli Telecom kunye iibhakana, bemali kanye nabanye.

Kwaye ke top 5 best irobhothi iirobhothi ubungqina:

1. GEMINOID-F - intombazana robhothi (saseJapan). ikopi irobhothi nguNjingalwazi Ishiguro. Yena uyakwazi ukuthetha, encuma, ukuvakalisa nezimpawu yonke zemibala iimvakalelo nkqu ukucula. Wayedlala indima eziliqela kwindawo yokubonela.
2. ASIMO - Android (Honda, Japan). Xa angazisebenzisa - aphilileyo, ndiyoyisile lwezitepsi, ukudlala ibhola. It has a iinkqubo umbono umatshini ezimbaxa kunye nothungelwano sensor zasasazwa. Uyakwazi ukuvula ibhotile leyo ze ugalele zonke iziqulatho iindondo.
3. Ro-Boy - irobhothi (Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland), zonke iindawo ezinika indlela ye 3D-shicilelwayo.
4. FACE (Italy) - yeyona nangokweemvakalelo irobhothi yaseYurophu. 32 Drive ukwenza izihlunu umzimba ubuso ziphatheka kakhulu.
5. Alice ( "Neyrobotiks", Russia) - Android kakhulu engokoqobo Russian. 8 actuators lilawulwa nge iphedi.