Shell intliziyo. Ubume intliziyo yomntu

Intliziyo - igazi ubonelelo ephambili kwinkqubo organ kunye nkovu uluhlu emzimbeni. Oku thaca ngokohlobo isihlunu enkulu kunye namagumbi eziliqela holoholo. Ngenxa yokuba ubuchule babo nesivumelwano, ebangela ukuhamba kwegazi. Bebonke kukho entliziyweni ezintathu kwiqokobhe: i epicardium, endocardium kunye myocardium. Isakhiwo, injongo kunye nomsebenzi ngamnye kubo ingqalelo kulo mbandela.

Ubume intliziyo yomntu - nokwakheka

umsipha wentliziyo ibandakanya amagumbi 4 - imithambo-2 kunye ventricles 2. Le ventricle yasekhohlo kunye intendelezo ekhohlo ngokwakha ebizwa ngokuba yinxalenye esimbaxa welungu, kuxhomekeka kuhlobo igazi ibekwe apha. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, lo ventricle ekunene kwaye intendelezo ekunene zenza icala lwemithambo kwentliziyo.

negazi imelwe ngokohlobo ikhowuni atshabalalisa. Yaba base ekwanti, phezulu, kwaye ezantsi phezu akudala, udini ezimbini - ekhohlo nasekunene. Phezulu intliziyo ngokumila ajikelezayo kwaye integrally akhiwa ventricle ekhohlo. Ummandla Isiseko ibekwe intendelezo, kunye nesabelo salo phambili ubuxoki aorta kunye buti nezengekho miphungeni.

ubungakanani intliziyo

Bakholelwa ukuba umntu omdala, kwasekwa nemilinganiselo womntu intliziyo izihlunu ubungakanani ngokulinganayo ngenqindi ebambe. Enyanisweni, i-avareji ubude isidumbu somntu oqolileyo ngu 12-13 cm. Le sangqa 9-11 cm ilingana entliziyweni.

abadala intliziyo oyindoda mass - malunga 300 abasetyhini intliziyo Umlinganiseli i avareji malunga ne-220 grams

Isigaba wentliziyo

Uninzi hluke eyahlukileyo imisipha nezigaba intliziyo:

1. Ekuqalekeni kukho ukuncitshiswa imithambo. Emva koko, abanye deceleration iqala yindibanisela le ventricles. Ngethuba lale nkqubo ukuhamba kwegazi ngokwemvelo ithande ukuba bazalise gumbi kunye nengcinezelo yabo incinane. Kutheni na ke musa ukuba umva flow yayo intendelezo? Isibakala sokuba igazi waylaid kwemithambo isisu. Ngoko ke, ungahambisa kuphela kwicala aorta nempahla nezengekho miphungeni.
2. Isigaba sesibini - ukucuthwa le ventricles kunye nomthambo. Le nkqubo iphawulwa ukuhla elifutshane kwiziseko kwezihlunu akhiwa le emagumbini. Le nkqubo ibangela ukuhla uxinzelelo kwi ventricles. Ngoko, igazi uqala ukufudukela kwelinye icala. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuyathintelwa ngokuvala ivalve yemiphunga nezengekho aortic. Ngexesha ukucuthwa le ventricles ukuzalisa ngegazi, iphuma imithambo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, imithambo zizaliswe umzimba fluid ye enkulu kunye isangqa encinane nokuhamba kwegazi.

Yintoni uxanduva zentliziyo?

Njengoko yaziwa, ukusebenza imisipha intliziyo ayikho isenzo ngokwesigqibo esicalanye. Body ihlala isebenza rhoqo, naxa umntu sikwimo wobuthongo obukhulu. Akuthandeki ukuba kukho abantu ukunikela ingqalelo amanqanaba intliziyo yakho ngexesha umsebenzi. Kodwa oku kuzuzwa isakhiwo okhethekileyo, okulungiswe imisipha yenhliziyo ngokwayo - inkqubo yokwenza ukubetha ivela. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ukuyilwa mechanism athi nangoku kwenzeka kwiiveki zokuqala imvelaphi intrauterine Palsy. Kamva, inkqubo ukubetha okuvelisa awuvumeli intliziyo ukumisa ngayo ubomi.

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga nomsebenzi entliziyweni

Xa urhulumente quiescent inani izishunqulelo kwemisipha intliziyo ngexesha ngcaciso malunga 70 ibetha. Ngaphakathi iyure elinye inani ifikelela 4200 ayekelele. Ucinga ukuba ngexesha elinye ucutheko intliziyo Ukubatywa kwinkqubo yokujikeleza 70 ml engamanzi, kulula ukuthelekelela ukuba yeyure kungenela singenelayo, kwiilitha ezingama-300 igazi. Kangakanani lo mzimba iimpompo igazi ebomini? Eli nani ngumlinganiselo kwiilitha ezizizigidi ezingama-175. Ngoko ayimangalisi into yokuba intliziyo kuthiwa injini ifanelekileyo, apho phantse abupheli.

ingaphakathi intliziyo

Iyonke yodwa 3 iqokobhe eyahlukileyo umsipha intliziyo:

1. Endocardium - inwebu engaphakathi kwentliziyo.
2. Myocardium - yangaphakathi izihlunu ezintsonkothileyo kuyilwa imicu zamafu filamentary.
3. Epicardium - iqokobhe obhityileyo engaphandle kwentliziyo.
4. Pericardium - esingxotyeni kwentliziyo abangabancedani ukuba ungumlinganiswa onjani na lengxowa, leyo iqulathe ngentliziyo yonke.

Okulandelayo, makhe sithethe umaleko ngasentla yentliziyo ukuze, khangela ukwakheka komzimba yabo.

myocardium

Myocardium - mnogotkanevaya umaleko dystrophy intliziyo, oluthi luqokelelane Imicu striated izakhiwo evakalala nokuqina, iinkqubo zemithambo, kwakunye nothungelwano olubanzi emithanjeni. Nazi P-iiseli ukuba benza inkqubela-luvo kunye kwenziwa. Ukongeza, kukho iiseli myocytes myocardium kunye cardiomyocytes, athi abenoxanduva ekunciphiseni umzimba negazi.

Le myocardium ubunjwe lamanqanaba ezininzi: embilwini, phakathi langaphandle. Ubume lwangaphakathi ubunjwe iinyanda izihlunu ukuba zicwangciswe longitudinally ngokuphathelele omnye komnye. Umaleko ongaphandle iinyanda izihlunu zilungiswe obliquely. Kutshanje yandisa ku kanye njengezona zentliziyo, zenze ebizwa ngokuba yi-curl. Umaleko eliphakathi iquka iinyanda izihlunu setyhula, ngamnye bahlukile ventricles entliziyweni.

epicardium

iqokobhe thaca kwemisipha intliziyo egudileyo kakhulu, ezingcakacileyo, isakhiwo transparent thile. Epicardium Iifomu inyama engaphandle welungu. Enyanisweni, iqokobhe lisebenza njenge umaleko engaphakathi pericardium - ekuthiwa intliziyo wengxowa.

indawo Epicardial zakha iiseli mesothelial, nto leyo ibekwe phantsi nokuhlangana, isakhiwo evakalala emelwe kokuxhuma ngefayibha. Njengezona intliziyo kunye Nemiqela yawo, ingqalelo iqokobhe iquka inyama ngamanqatha. Epicardium zidibana kunye myocardium kwiindawo ubuncinane awo leeseli ngamanqatha.

endocardium

Ukuqhubeka kunye inwebu wentliziyo, makhe sithethe endocardium. Isakhiwo thaca ezikhandelwa imicu elastic ukuba iqanjwa iiseli kwezihlunu gingxi kunye nokuqina. inyama Endocardial olunga- nesamagumbi onke yangaphakathi kwentliziyo. On esukela elements ilungu igazi: aorta, umthambo yemiphunga, pulmonary buti endocardial inyama luhamba ngaphandle imida ecacileyo. Kwezona ndawo exhamle ubuncwane le endocardium atrial ihlanganiswa le epicardium.

pericardium

Pericardium - engaphandle inwebu imazi ibonakalisa wentliziyo, okwabizwa ngokuba pericardium. Esi sakhiwo imelwe ngokohlobo ikhowuni thumbanails ecaleni. Lower isiseko pericardium obekwe kwi uvalo. Encotsheni yeqokobhe owela kwicala lasekhohlo ngaphezu ekunene. Olu hlobo bag kuba ezingqonge kuphela izihlunu intliziyo, kodwa aorta, umlomo buti pulmonary ngemithambo ezikufutshane.

Le pericardium kwakheka kubantu yabantu nisaqala Palsy. Oku kwenzeka malunga 3-4 iiveki emva kokuba lokusekwa mbungu. Ukonakala isakhiwo iqokobhe, ukungabikho kwalo buso okanye epheleleyo kukhokelela yesifo sentliziyo naso.

Ekuphetheni

Xa sizithoba kubhekwe isakhiwo entliziyweni yomntu, ezakhiwe zendlu yakhe nemisipha. Njengoko ubona, imisipha onentliziyo echwayitileyo uba kwisakhiwo entsonkothileyo kakhulu. Okumangalisayo kukuba, nangona isakhiwo ubunzima, lo mzimba isebenza ngokuqhubekayo ubomi, enika ukungaphumeleli kuphela kwimeko ezimbi kakhulu.