Shpilman Vladislav: piyano enkulu imimiselo enzima

njani usizi umntu enze? Lo umbuzo-buciko, kodwa Shpilman Vladislav umzekelo wabo wabonisa ukuba lo mntu unako okuninzi, ingakumbi phantsi isisongelo imbokodo. Iinkumbulo lo mntu, ukuba ube neliso-qwenge ngokwenene izizukulwana ezizayo.

Ubomi phambi kwempi

Malunga Spielmann ebuntwaneni, kancinane uyaziwa. yano enkulu Future wazalwa kwintsapho yamaYuda saseSosnowiec uSamuweli kunye Eduardo Spielmann. Esi sibini wayenabantwana abane - amakhwenkwe amabini kunye namantombazana amaninzi. Malunga intsapho umqambi elizayo, omncinane yaziwa, kodwa, ngathi amaYuda amaninzi of Warsaw, baba amalungu abakumgangatho ophakathi.

Wladyslaw Szpilman, ogama biography ngexesha sihlaselwa German ngamaNazi ePoland yaba ngumzekelo nenkalipho kubantu abaninzi ehlabathini lonke, wafunda kwi-Music University of Chopin kwigumbi lokufundela Aleksandra Mihalovskogo. Emva koko wafumana imali yokuya kufunda Berlin Umculo Academy, kodwa 1933 amaNazi German weza amandla sicelo abanetalente kwanyanzeleka ukuba aye ekhaya ePoland.

Shpilman Vladislav phambi kokuba imfazwe wayesebenza kwikomkhulu abazibandakanya kunomathotholo nokubhala Ukuqamba ezahlukeneyo nomculo iifilimu. A umqambi abanetalente nepiyano wakwazi ukuba akunike eminye Ikonsathi kunye violinists ezaziwayo-kakuhle elo xesha - Schering Gimpel kunye nabanye.

IMfazwe Yehlabathi II

Ngaphandle kokuba amaNazi sele kweliso ngokupheleleyo eJamani, abantu abaqhelekileyo babekholelwa ukuba uHitler uza kuyeka i "Europe endala". Iziqhushumbisi lokuqala yamfumana yano ngexesha ingxelo elandelayo kunomathotholo. Shpilman Vladislav wala ukuba ashiye ikhaya lakhe, nangona umnqweno amanye amalungu entsapho.

Ezi ziganeko zenzeka-Oktobha 23, 1939, kwiintsuku ezine emva koko, amajoni aseJamani ahlala Poland. Wladek Family, ezizezi babizwa ngokuba ngabantu abakufutshane kuye, ngethemba lokuba imfazwe aziyi kuhlala ixesha elide. nolindelo babo ukuza yinyaniso. Inkoliso amaYuda Polish babulawa ngamaNazi: umntu nje babulawa, ezinye kukondza a fa kwiinkampu zoxinaniso. Lonke usapho Spielmann wagxothelwa Treblinka. Apho bagqiba uhambo lwabo basemhlabeni. Bebonke isiphelo sinye Yayenzelwe piyano ezaziwayo-kakuhle nomqambi, kodwa wasindiswa ngokuthandwa.

Ityala kwisikhululo

Kwisikhululo, isihlwele amaYuda wafumana bakhaya zayo zokusebenza ipolisa nizihlabe ngaphandle yesihlwele. Shpilman Vladislav wasala yedwa. Wayesebenza kwiisayithi yokwakha ngelona xian kwaye ngokungummangaliso ngokulambisa izihlandlo ezimbalwa ukukhetha rhoqo yamaYuda. Ngowe-1943, asinde xian, waya kufuna uncedo kubahlobo.

Kakade ke, ngenxa piyano odumileyo saba nabahlobo abaninzi kunye abalandeli italente yakhe, apho wahlala e Warsaw, bamkhwelisa Vladislav. uncedo elikhulu yimvumi enkulu yintsapho Bogutskaya: bamfihla ixesha elide kwi izindlu kwikomkhulu, enethemba loyiso ekhawulezayo phezu amaNazi. Le luqalile baye baqeqeshwa Warsaw ukuvukela amaJamani.

Ngexesha le mvukelo Wladyslaw Szpilman, nomdlali kunye umntu odumileyo ePoland, ngoko holed phezulu eliphezulu, apha endlini enye yezindlu kweli ziko. Xa amaNazi kubasa umlilo kwisakhiwo, wagqiba ukuba wadliswa ukusela ipilisi zokulala, kodwa akazange afe. Emva kokuba Warsaw Uprising, Vladek wayengomnye wabantu abambalwa aseleyo.

Ukuze ufumane ubuncinane ukutya, wagqiba ukuba aphume yokuhlala yakhe into egungxulweyo, waya esibhedlele. wahlala lakhe elilandelayo, kwaba villa ishiywe.

Ngubani na Wilm Hosenfeld?

Xa villa kanye etyebileyo kwaye ngoku zonakale Szpilman waphila ixesha elithile elisezantsi kophahla. Kodwa xa ngenye imini bagqiba kwelokuba kuhla ndiye endlwini ekhangela ukutya, ndabona igosa German apho. Yaba Vilgelm Hozenfeld, weza kuhlola isakhiwo, oko wayecebe fumana amaGestapo kwikomkhulu ukukhusela Warsaw.

Xa wabona indoda Ndibhityile, igosa waseJamani wayebuza ukuba angaba ungubani. Spielmann uthe nepiyano. Kwigumbi elilandelayo yaba ipiyano grand, a Vladislav waseJamani wacela ukuba ukudlala into. yano Great wahlala phantsi ipiyano okokuqala kwiminyaka emibini enesiqingatha yemfazwe yaye badlale Sonata yi Chopin.

Igosa wacebisa Shpilmanu Vladislavu ukufihla ngenyameko. Ndawonye bakha ebusuku nomdlali phantsi kophahla. Igosa wazisa umYuda ukuzifihla ngokwayo amalungiselelo kunye iimpahla zobusika. Xa amajoni aseJamani phantsi kwengcinezelo evela namahlakani kunye Russian waqalisa ukuba nibuye umva Warsaw, igosa wamzisa Shpilmanu Vladislavu umkhosi greatcoat kunye nemveliso. Okwangoku yokulahlekelwa yano wamthiya igama lakhe, kodwa esoyika ukubuza igama njengomsindisi lakhe.

Okumiselwe Wilm Hosenfeld, ngubani ngexesha lemfazwe ibasindisile ezimbalwa amaYuda elinesibini elaziwa ngokuba kwiidayari zakhe eneenkcukacha kunye neeleta. Wafa kwinkampu eSoviet, emva kokubethwa eyoyikekayo ngo-1952. Spielmann, nangona zonke iinzame zakhe, ayikwazanga ukunceda umkhululi wakhe.

"I Warsaw Diary» Vladislava Shpilmana

Emva kwemfazwe, umdlali piyano enkulu waziphosa ndidandatheke elide, waziva enetyala ngokufa kwabazali babo, abazalwana noodade. Abahlobo wacebisa Vladislav ukudlulisa zonke izinto ephepheni aze azuze ngokwabo.

Ngowe-1946, memoirs piyano zaphinda zapapashwa Poland ebizwa ngokuba "Ukufa esixekweni." Le yokuhlolwa post-imfazwe zatshintsha izinto ezininzi memoirs yakhe umdlali piyano, kuquka nento yokuba umhlanguli wakhe waseJamani. Ngenxa yoko, le ncwadi yavalwa.

Ngowe-1998 wapapasha memoirs zakhe reissue we piyano enkulu. Le ncwadi bemdumisa enkulu kwaye sele iguqulelwe kwiilwimi ezininzi. Ngo-2002, umlawuli umboniso odumileyo Roman Polanski wathabatha off esekelwe kule ncwadi movie emangalisayo kabuhlungu shrill "piyano."