Potassium hayidroksayidi. Isiliphu, ukusebenzisa, iimpawu

potassium hayidroksayidi, ezikwabizwa ngokuba potash abuhlungu, potash abuhlungu, potassium hayidroksayidi, potassium hayidroksayidi, yaye ngakumbi potassium kwealkali. Igama lesiLatini iyalila Koh Ipotaziyam hayidroksayidi. idatha yazo zangaphandle kunye ubunjalo bomzimba lo mgubo ziikristale ngaphandle ngebala iqondo eliphezulu hygroscopicity. Izisombululo zolwelo of Koh ivelisa yokusabela eyomeleleyo obrak. Xa uqala indlela uvalo electrolysis of sisombululo potassium chloride ukuvelisa ukulungiselela yayo. potassium hayidroksayidi, ngenxa yayo ekhethekileyo, ifumene isicelo ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zezinto ezenziwa luluntu.

Ekuthengisweni Koh yimilo leebloko omkhulu izinto kukubola ezifana, kwakunye ngohlobo granules, agglomerates okanye 40-50% izisombululo naphakathi. Ngenxa yeendleko okwandisiweyo anemichiza yokuba potassium kumafa yabo, kungekhona nje eqhelekileyo natriesoderzhaschie. umba Price waba yokuba asetyenziswa kwiimeko apho kukho imfuneko yokuba kwiipropati ngokwasemzimbeni khemikhali musa ukunika izinto natriesoderzhaschie.

Kukhuselekile ngokupheleleyo, non-ezinokutsha kwaye ziyamelana ngokupheleleyo ucinezelo lula, potassium hayidroksayidi kuba neziphumo emzimbeni womntu lunxulumene iikhompawundi kwiklasi yesibini. Ingozi ibangela lingenwe kweziyobisi abuhlungu kwi inwebu yangaphakathi kwaye nkqu kwesikhumba yabantu. Oku kunokukhokelela ezinzulu ukutsha iikhemikhali kunye nezifo zolusu ezondeleyo. A ingozi othile into lingene emehlweni.

nokupaka potassium hayidroksayidi isisombululo Industrial kwenzeka ngokuthi beleni a imiphanda zentsimbi okanye izikhongozeli ezikhethekileyo 100, 200 okanye 275 iilitha. Xa uhlobo esiluqilima potassium hayidroksayidi isetyenziswa imigqomo ecocekileyo maxa 50-180 DM. cu. Ukwenza imveliso flaked uvumelekile ukuba asebenzise kwizikhongozeli ethwala zeplastiki, kwakunye neengxowa polyethylene.

In Russian Chemical Technology potassium hayidroksayidi ezanelisa iimfuno GOST 9285-78, ukuba iikhemikhali imveliso ecocekileyo abonelelwe GOST 24363-80. Ngenxa umda ekrwada Koh engena ekulandeleni ngokungqongqo ukuba CAS 1310-58-3 eqhelekileyo.

Chemical neutralization reaction apho sulphuric acid yokujonga, ukuze ufumane potassium hayidroksayidi amanzi anetyuwa yaziwa bonke esikolweni. Kodwa kukho ezinye iimpawu ezizodwa Koh, olufumene kule iziyobisi uluhlu olubanzi izicelo. Isetyenziswa, ngaphandle kokuba neutralization ye asidi, nkqu neebhetri obrak, kunye catalysis, isepha, ulwelo zokomba, idayi, izichumisi.

Ngaphandle ukusetyenziswa potassium hayidroksayidi okanye akusekho elawula icandelo lokutya, akukho ukucoca igesi, okanye isinyithi okanye wokucokisa okanye pharmaceuticals. Lusetyenziswa ekwenziweni iintlobo ngeentlobo izinto eziphilayo nezingaphiliyo, iphepha, izinambuzane, potassium carbonate, iikhompawundi potassium, iisepha, yerabha zokwenziwa.

Enye amasimi zibalulekileyo ukusetyenziswa potassium hayidroksayidi na ukwenziwa isepha ethambileyo. Iisepha, ishampu, izithambiso utsheva, bleaches yogcino- Koh. Enye isicelo ebalulekileyo yale nto kukubonelela iseti yoshishino wawufuna iityuwa potassium.

Ekuveliseni i-potassium permanganate wabeka inkqubo fusion kunye potash abuhlungu nangenxa manganese dioxide igcwala le manganate potassium efunyenwe kwegumbi electrolysis. Kuba potassium dichromate zingasetyenziswa indlela efanayo naleyo echazwe ngasentla. Kodwa ke yenziwa ngokuthi ngxubevange womsizi chromite ekrwada hayidroksayidi (enye - carbonate) of potassium, kulandele sesichengeni acid kwi chromate ifunyenwe.

Ukusebenzisa Koh abuhlungu unako ukufikelela iziphumo ebalulekileyo ekuvelisweni loluhlu olubanzi imibala, kunye iseti oganikhi khompawundi. Oku kubonakala njengoko igesi omhle adsorbent ngenxa dehydrating iarhente, into ingqondo ilahleko hydroxides ezingenakunyibilika kwi electrolyte iibhetri obrak uhlobo.

Kwaye oku luluhlu nje ngokufutshane inkcazelo iinkqubo zobugcisa, ezisebenzisa Koh.