"Smart": ntonye, izithunzi intsingiselo, ukusetyenziswa somxholo yamagama

Ukuqhama imizwa kwalo naluphi na ulwimi sizimisele kuphela inani lamagama kumafa yayo, kodwa iindawo ukusetyenziswa kwazo, iintlobo lwesemantiki, associative izakhono, kwakunye njengendlela ukuyilwa wemiqondiso ezintsha ngokususela zikhona. unxibelelwano ifane kwaye antonymous kunye nenguqulelo ngumkhuba ukungacaci kwakhona negalelo kuphuhliso lolwimi. Ngenxa amathuba zayo, ulwimi Russian kukuba, ezihambayo isenzeko isabela zonke iinkqubo ezenzekayo eluntwini kunye ebonisa kubo. Ngoko ke kufanele kuqwalaselwe ukuba ubomi babantu kubonakaliswe kwindawo yokuqala, ngolwimi lwakhe.

Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba 'smart'?

Enye nezimaphambili ezingundoqo of lexicology - ukohluka kunye ukungacaci. Iingcali ngeelwimi ziye zafumanisa ukuba onke amazwi abe omnye okanye ngaphezulu amaxabiso yesemantiki, i engundoqo echaziweyo kwi nezichazi-magama. Kutyhilwa Iintsingiselo zabo inceda bume ezintlwini nye neemeko. Ngokomzekelo, igama elithi "smart". Ntonye noko kukhethiwe "uyaguquka" - wazi. Nangona kunjalo, akukho nto ibonisa yonke umqolo wamaxabiso, yaye inxalenye yayo encinane. Enyanisweni, umbutho ilizwi okungakumbi.

Tale malunga uKumkani

Kule edumileyo umbhali Hans Christian Andersen sentsomi apho ostrosatiricheskoy zilungiswe nto kangaka abantwana nabantu abadala - malunga ukumkani eyabonakala phambi kokuba abantu benganxibanga. abathungi nabakhohlisi wamxelela ukuba poshyut ngubo elimangalisayo le nto, nto leyo ungabona kuphela clever (ifane kulo mzekelo - inendawo yayo) abantu. Nam umntu august, okanye ngamagosa akhe akazange afune ukuba avume ukuba bangaboni kunye umtya ezandleni amasela. Ngapha koko, akukho namnye ofuna babacandisele isinyabi, ehleli phezu kwenye esitulweni okanye itrone umfundisi. Kwaba kuphela komntwana, umphefumlo nengqondo ezibe enyanisekileyo ngakumbi kwaye ezizenzekelayo, ningoyiki ukudanduluka ukuba ukumkani - ze! Lo mzekelo ubonisa ukuba omnye emthunzini intsingiselo yegama elithi "smart", nto leyo ntonye - 'inyani, eyinyaniso, enobulungisa, ukunyaniseka. "

data etymological

Zama zendlela yokuseka umqondiso weza kwintetho yethu. Ngokutsho isichazi-magama Vasmer, livela kwifom Slavonic of "eh." Kungenxa yokuba ulwimi isiseko, ezehlela bonke abantu baseMpumalanga, yaye kwakukho igama endala Russian "eh", Endala Slavonic lobeko, ngoko Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, njl Yiba la magama "smart" kunye nelithi iingcambu Latin - «aumuõ», oko kukuthi, ingqondo, yaye «aumenis» - «memory», kwakunye kakhulu uqhagamshelwano bebonisa ngeengcambu zawo Old Slavonic.

Kuphambuko kuso nesichazi magama

Ngoku khawucinge indlela umqondiso ithathwa kwi nezichazi-magama. Oku kuya kunceda ikheswa ufakelele intsingiselo kunye iinketho ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngentetho, iincwadi, njl

• Masiqalise kunye isichazi-magama, ihlelwe yi kwaEfrayim. Kulo ukutyhilwa igama elinikiweyo ngokusekelwe ingxenye yako izinto yokuthetha. Ngokomzekelo, xa sicinga isimelabizo "smart", intsingiselo yalo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo :. "Lowo ingqondo ecacileyo, ekrelekrele, elungileyo ' Ukuba njengokuba asilogama, oko ngamazinga kunye kwesibizo ahambelanayo "ekrelekrele -. Indoda / ubuchule, unamaqhinga isilwanyana" Eli lixabiso ngqo. Kodwa kukho nalo ephathekayo. Ngokutsho kwakhe, nelithi "smart" - abanezakhono a (onobuchule ngezandla), okrelekrele (smart umatshini computer), isazinzulu sane.
• Collegiate Collegiate Dictionary - kulo eli gama licaciswe ngokuthi "ukuba ke wit, ingqiqo, Ingqondo yeengqondi ndiyitshitshise." Umzekelo: "Tema, yiba krelekrele, ayichithwanga!"
• Esi sichazi-magama Kuznetsova neenkalo ixabiso umqondiso, kuxhomekeka kuye kukho intetho - malunga loo mntu okanye eso silwanyana. Kwimeko yokuqala, utoliko ezinjalo "clever - umntu oye ingqiqo," owesibini - ". Smart, ukhaliphile" Umzekelo, "intombazana smart", "kati krele." Le ixabiso lokuqala sabo. ithe Secondary efanayo ingqinelana ingcaciso kwe "smart -. wazalwa ingqondo, izinga yomgwebo, imfundo" Imizekelo: "ukhaliphile umboniso - ulwazi; into smart - ingqiqo ".
• Enye iimpapasho kweelwimi kakhulu ohloniphekileyo kwaye isisiseko - Dictionary Ozhegova kunye Shvedova. Ukutolikwa amagama kulo "smart" kufutshane ukucaciswa Kuznetsova. Oko kukuthi, i zaseprayimari :. "Smart - ukuba ingqondo okanye eveza" Umzekelo, i "imbonakalo smart, umntu, ngumcebisi." Ngengqiqo yokomfuziselo ingaba "iphepha smart", "intetho ekrelekrele". intsingiselo Secondary: "ingqondo nengqiqo wadala" - "isenzo krele."

Izibini ntonye nezichasi

Umhlaba wokuhlahlelwa intsingiselo lungelelanisa yeli gama sinomdla kuzo abuyonto ngaphandle kokuthatha ingqalelo amakhonkco ayo yipharadaym ntonye nezichasi. Ukuze ubone nabo, senza kwakhona umdla izichazi-magama. Yintoni na ke ntonye yegama izikhokelo "smart 'ngawo? Oku "ekrelekrele," "isiyatha," "osisilumko," "osisilumko," "ekrelekrele," "ekrelekrele," "smyshlony", "okucinga" kwincoko "Brainy", "Brainy", "Brainy". Bonke bephela ukwabelana Sema eliqhelekileyo "ubukho ingqondo". Ngoko ke, Griboyedov kwi comedy "Yeha ukusuka Wit" FAMUSOV ethetha Chatsky ukuba "intloko encinane / Ke abhale ezizukileyo, okungama." Enye ephawulekayo umzekelo synonymization - sisaci "intloko emagxeni akhe." Upotreblonny ngokufuziselayo (izaci ezithile), eyenza intsingiselo efanayo: "Umntu uya kuze zinyamalale kobu bomi, ukuba unalo intloko emagxeni akhe. Ukusuka naziphi na iziphumo indawo uya kufumana iqhekeza lesonka kwaye usoloko uya kuvelisa. " Ke ukuba izichasi, ngoko ke zicacile: "osisiyatha," "isiyatha," "aze alibale," "unready", "isiyatha", "ndiyakuthanda".