Stack kwiiprothokholi zeTCP ip kwi Windows

Namhlanje singathetha ngento TCP neentango / IP protocol, yaye yintoni parameters yayo zikhankanyiwe ubumbeko. Kunzima ukucinga ikhompyutha yinxalenye mihla ayinayo ukufikelela kwi- Internet ehlabathini. Yanele ukuba usebenzise umbhalo uqhagamshelwano - kwaye iyafumaneka phantse zonke izibonelelo ezikhoyo. Noko ke, maxa wambi nkqu ilebhile ayikho imfuneko. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, uthungelwano ujongano intsebenziswano kunye uthungelwano lwehlabathi inika esitoreni kwiiprothokholi zeTCP / IP.

Ngoku abasebenzisi PC akukho kuphinda abamangali iinkqubo ezintsha zokusebenza, ngenxa yokuba umsantsa phakathi ukukhululwa iinguqulelo ezintsha esoloko ukuhla. Oku waphawula kuzo zonke iinkqubo ezithandwayo:. Windows-Microsoft, ukungafi Linux; malic OC (Apple), njl Isizathu ilula ababhekisi balwela ukugcina up yinkqubela (thatha, umzekelo, izixhobo ezifanayo mobile ukufikelela kwi Internet), ngoko ukuba ukuhlaziya line yayo imveliso. Kodwa asingabo bonke-abasebenzisi ekupheleni ukufaka inguqulelo entsha ye- nkqubo esebenzayo. Eneneni, ukuba iyasebenza ...

Njani, ngoko TCP / IP protocol mfumba lu dityanisiwe onke ngasentla? Masithi imeko: kukho iikhompyutha ezimbini, enye yazo iyasebenza Windows 1998, yaye kwelinye - uguqulelo lwe Linux entsha. Kulula ukuba uqaphele ukuba isantya (kunye nezinye izicwangciso) ukusebenza kunye Network uya ezahlukeneyo. Isizathu - isipha lwe TCP / IP protocol, ukuphunyezwa kwayo kwimeko ethile nganye. Amaxesha amaninzi ngokwaneleyo ukuba kokufaka inguqulelo entsha ye-nkqubo, ukufumana uthungelwano kuzakwandisa isantya interface.

Njengoko sele kuchaziwe, TCP / IP yenza unxibelelwano oludityaniswe kuthungelwano lwe computing izixhobo. Izivumelwano zahlulwe amanyathelo amane kwemiqathango. Le Esiphelo sesokuba isiseko, ukuba limelwe kujongano emzimbeni, umzekelo, Ethernet. Elandelayo (yesithathu) Isigaba - udluliselo datagram ngokusebenzisa womnatha. Eyesibini yengundoqo, kunjalo kwesi sigaba asebenza UDP kunye kwiiprothokholi zeTCP. Ekugqibeleni, lo iqonga eliphezulu - isicelo, yimizekelo yinkulumbuso FTP ne SMTP. I-TCP / IP imodeli yangoku yaphakanyiswa kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-20 eyadlulayo ukuba ARPAnet. Kungekudala, lo protocol yaphunyezwa kwi inkqubo Unix (intliziyo Linux namhlanje). Akumangalisi ke, i-Internet ukusebenza TCP / IP.

Kwiinkqubo ze-Windows usapho tincture ziphakishe mayifakwe kwenye amasebe lobhaliso elijongene Tcpip. Zonke iparameters uhlobo DWORD. Enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo - ke ubude 'ubomi' of iipakethi data, DefaultTTL (Ixesha-to-Live). unit nganye kubhekisela kwisixhobo yomgudu oqhubekekisa epakethini. Ukuba indlela ezi zixhobo ziya kuba libelikulu kunexabiso TTL, zepakethe itshabalele.

Beka phezulu unit DisableTaskOffload uyakwalela ukusetyenziswa co-iprosesa card womnatha. Phambi kwesigqibo esinjalo kwimephu iyavakala ukutshintshela parameter ku 0.

EnablePMTUDiscovery isebenzisa indlela yokuqingqa ubungakanani elilelona MTU epakethini. ukhetho Ukuba ikhubaziwe (0), kodwa ke ixabiso lokungagqibeki lika 576 bytes.

SackOpts into kunokuba ukwazi yokuqala ukuvela kwi Windows XP. uquko (1) uvumela inkqubo xa kuyimfuneko ukuwuthumela iipakethi elahlekileyo kuphela, hayi umyalezo wangoku.

KeepAliveInterval ibonisa isixa ulibaziseko phakathi kokuthumela iipakethi uvavanyo ukuba enze Umsebenzi compound. Akuba esifumene impendulo esuka kumncedisi, iipakethi eemvavanyo ayithunyelwanga de, kude ixesha elixelwe KeepAliveInterval. eli xabiso Ngokuqhelekileyo 1000.

MTU ibonisa ubukhulu ukudluliselwa data block. Ngqo iimpembelelo ukwenziwa ezimbaxa. Ubukhulu becala kuxhomekeke kwisantya (intambo channel, mnxeba, njalo njalo).

Zonke ezi parameters zilungiswe ngesandla ukuba zilungele iimpawu uqhagamshelo ekhoyo. Ukongeza, iinkqubo ezininzi ezizodwa (tweakers) ukuba lula inkqubo yoqwalaselo. Nceda uqaphele ukuba kwezinye iimeko oko kukwehla imo yokusebenza kunye womnatha kunokwenzeka.