Ubuchopho bomntu: isakhiwo

Ubuchopho bomntu inika uququzelelo kunye nokulawulwa yonke imisebenzi komzimba ezibalulekileyo ukuze eqhelekileyo yokusebenza, kwaye ilawula indlela yokuziphatha. Iminqweno, iingcinga, iimvakalelo - yonke into edibene ebuchotsheni. Ukuba le umzimba ukusebenza, umntu uba "zezityalo."

Ubuchopho bomntu: abalinganiswa

Ubuchopho - isakhiwo twatsa, Noko ke, njengamanye amalungu amaninzi. ubunzima ingqondo ekuzalweni ukuba amalunga namakhulu amathathu grams, ebudaleni oko: Umlinganiseli eekhilogremu enye enesiqingatha. Ukuqwalasela isakhiwo ingqondo yomntu, singakwazi nangoko ukubona zifaka ezimbini ukuba phantsi ukubunjwa enzulu. Hemispheric ifihle convolutions abayinqobo, zokwandisa Medulla engaphandle. Ngasemva - kwiCerebellum, i ephantsi - somthi, apho uya umnqonqo. Kwaye esiqwini, kwaye ukusuka spinal intambo luvo zesebe ngaphandle, oko kuye ulwazi ukusuka receptors ukuya ingqondo amanzi, oko kubo ingqondo yomntu ithumela imiqondiso kwizihlunu kunye namadlala.

Phakathi kobuchopho into emhlophe ezenza luvo adibanayo kumacandelo ahluka-hlukileyo omzimba nokwakha phakathi kwabo luvo uqhebeke kwamanye amalungu, yaye into gray uyila neuron kwaye ibandakanya ikakhulu lwemizimba cell-luvo. Ubuchopho bomntu likhuselwe, yaba lukakayi - case ithambo. Izinto ezikhoyo phakathi organ kunye ithambo neendonga ezahlulwe sisithuba amaqokobhe ezintathu: okuqinileyo (engaphandle), ithambile (ingaphakathi) kunye entle arachnoid. Isithuba ngenxa phakathi kweqokobhe izaliswe kunye nokwakheka efana plasma yegazi, CSF (cerebrospinal) ulwelo. Yavelisa fluid kakhulu ventricles yengqondo - i nemingxuma ngaphakathi kwayo, indima yawo - unikezele ingqondo yomntu izondlo ezibalulekileyo.

Kwemithambo carotid zinika kwegazi yobuchopho, bahlukene emazantsi emasebeni emikhulu ingafikelela kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo ebuchotsheni. Okumangalisayo kukuba, ubuchopho gqolo ufumana-20 ekhulwini igazi emzimbeni, nangona ubunzima iqumrhu ubunzima iyonke loo mntu ekhulwini 2.5 kuphela. Kunye igazi ingqondo kunikwa ioksijini, liyinika kakhulu kubalulekile, njengoko zolondolozo zamandla umzimba iphantsi kakhulu.

iiseli zobuchopho

Eziseleni, ekuthiwa iiseli zemithambo-luvo, yindlela luvo. Banoxanduva nokuhlawulwa ulwazi. Ubuchopho bomntu iqulathe ukusuka luvo-5 ukuya ku-20 ezigidi. Ngaphandle kwabo, i-organ niyinikele iiseli glial, apho malunga ne-10 amaxesha ngaphezu iiseli zemithambo-luvo. iiseli Glial benza amathambo luvo inyama kunye ligcwalise isithuba phakathi iiseli zemithambo-luvo. Njengazo naziphi na ezinye iiseli, iiseli zemithambo-luvo siphahlwe inwebu plasma. Of iiseli ukwandisa iinkqubo - axons (ngokufuthi omnye ubude iseli yemithambo-nye isibini ngeesentimitha eziyi-ukuya kwiimitha ezininzi) kunye luvo (neuron ngamnye luvo ezininzi, ke branched kunye ezimfutshane).

Ubuchopho bomntu: amasebe

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ingqondo yahlulwe yangamacandelo amathathu: ngaphambili ingqondo, isiqu, kwiCerebellum. Yangaphambili yahlulwe zifaka amabini, thalamus (isiqalo oluvo ifumana ulwazi emazikweni yaye wayithumela neuron oluvo) kunye yobuchopho (mmandla ukulawula umsebenzi homeostatic), yebhinqa - ingaba ebalulekileyo. Ikhweyitha - le nxalenye inkulu yengqondo amaqhina oqhagamshelwano I-- msebe axons. ikhweyitha ngalinye esithinzini Occipital, Parietal, zexeshana kunye ngokungqalileyo. Isiqu ibandakanya le Oblongata Medulla (inxalenye esezantsi somthi, apho kuya umnqonqo), i-Pons (enxulumene okuzenzela kwiCerebellum-luvo) kunye obuphakathi (ukuya umnqonqo zezi motor indlela). KwiCerebellum ibekwe phantsi isithinzi Occipital le zifaka lobuchopho, oko olawula imeko buti, imilenze, intloko, kudlala indima enkulu kakhulu lokuvelisa izakhono motor.