Ukopha ebuchotsheni: iimpawu, unyango, iziphumo nabanye abantu abane

Brain - le yenye amalungu ibalulekileyo umntu ephathiswe kungekuphela nje umsebenzi yokucinga, kodwa iinkqubo ezininzi esemthethweni emzimbeni. Ubonelelo kwimpembelelo ubuchopho umsebenzi wakhe egazini, kodwa kwezinye iimeko Inokwenzeka imithambo yegazi komsipha, nto leyo ekugqibeleni kukhokelela ukunyhashwa ezininzi kumsebenzi zonke iinkqubo zomzimba. Ukopha ebuchotsheni, iimpawu zazo kuxoxwa nzulu kweli nqaku, njengenye yezona eziyingozi isimo ubomi babantu. Ukuze soyise iziphumo zayo, oogqirha kunye izigulane kufuneka sisebenze nzima. Ingongoma ephambili kule ukufumana ukubhaqwa lweempawu, nto leyo ibonisa ukuba ubuchopho, nto leyo mhlawumbi wabona abaninzi iifoto ivavanywa utshintsho zophendlo lwezifo ngenxa nokuhamba kwegazi.

ukopha ubuchopho kwenzeka, ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu,

Amaninzi ngumba ingqondo komsipha igazi iimpahla ingqondo, kuba lwegazi. Ngokubanzi, ikhondo kakhulu zesi sifo kubangela utshintsho ayibuyiseki umva kuzo zonke iimpahla emzimbeni, kodwa kakhulu lugwayimbo phantsi oko kukuthi ezo ukondla ijwabu ebuchotsheni. Ukopha ebuchotsheni, iimpawu ongayi akusoloko sikhawuleze ukubona apho kwaye kwezinye kwezinye iimeko, ezibandakanya:

• gap ngaphambili bene kwemithambo ingqondo;
• ukungaqheleki semithambo, ezifana arteriovenous malforatsii;
• yokulahlwa kwe iindonga imithambo yegazi Nedlac amyloid protein;
• yamathumba ingqondo ebubonisayo nesibuhlungu;
• inani rhoqo amachiza ezikhuthaza ithinasi igazi.

La, onokubangela komsipha kwemithambo yegazi ingqondo yomntu, amaxesha amaninzi zifumaneka izigulane yokwaluphala. Ngu uhlobo utshintsho kwasendaweni iindawo ochaphazelekayo lobuchopho, leyo kakhulu ngokucacileyo ebonakalayo iifoto ezithathwe kuxilongo (MRI ubuchopho), iingcali nga ukufumanisa unobangela ukopha.

Ukopha ngo kuzalwa - Ukuba kuyenzeka?

Xa sithetha Ukopha ebuchotsheni, oko kudla kubonakala ngumntu omdala okanye abadala nomonde. Noko ke, kwezinye iimeko, le nto ibonakala sosana. A feature of a Ukopha ebuchotsheni ebantwaneni kucingwa ukuba nokuba yonakele amacandelo eziliqela, umzekelo, lateral ventricle yobuchopho kunye nentlaka yawo, okanye umcimbi gray subcortical kwaye ngexesha elinye. Oyena nobangela ukopha umntwana ingqalelo njengokuzalwa, ingakumbi xa le mveku ekuzalweni yaba kwiiveki ngaphantsi kwe-32. Ukongeza, komsipha nemithambo kunokwenzeka kwiveki yokuqala emva kokuzalwa kubantwana ngokupheleleyo-term. Isizathu sokuba le nto siyifumana unina toxicosis kade, iimpazamo ekuqhutyweni lokuzalwa nosuleleko.

Ukuhlelwa Ukopha ebuchotsheni yi indawo

I-World Health Organisation (WHO) namhlanje ukhupha iintlobo 5 ngesibetho;

1. yokopha Intracerebral okanye intracerebral xa iimpahla yamanzi ibekwe maleko iinzulu umcimbi ezimhlophe okanye ingwevu, negazi igalelwe Kumbindi ingqondo.
2. Subarachnoid, apho kwemithambo indlebe okanye iimpahla wambetha amyloidosis, igazi ngoko wangena lweHo-, nto leyo izaliswe cerebrospinal fluid.
3. Ventricular okanye ventricular legazi ezichaphazela ventricle ebuchotsheni lateral.
4. Ebulewe apho mngcelele igazi engena isithuba phakathi yaba lukakayi, ingqondo.
5. Subdural, apho igazi nokuphuma kwemali phantsi ingqondo iqokobhe nzima.

Ukunceda umntu ngamnye ukuba yeyiphi isahlulo umzimba unenzondelelo utshintsho kulo mba njengoko ukopha ingqondo, iimpawu nganye lweentlobo ezo awohluke zabo, unako scan kunye nezinye iindlela diagnostic.

Zeziphi iimpawu zangaphandle inokuba sikombisa Ukopha ebuchotsheni

Kuba zonke iintlobo hemorrhages luphawulwa le miqondiso ilandelayo kunye nezimpawu kuvela kwimizuzu yokuqala embalwa emva kokuba komsipha kwemithambo yegazi:

• yintloko ebuhlungu;
• ilahleko okanye ukudideka;
• isicaphucaphu nokugabha;
• nokuncipha spasmodic zezihlunu ezithile.

Enye okanye ngaphezulu naziphi na iimpawu adweliswe kule kuluhlu, kufuneka ukulumkisa izigulane kunye nezalamane zabo, ingakumbi xa kwimeko apho umntu sifo kuluhlu abo ezinokubangela ukopha ebuchotsheni. Iimpawu idla bavame ukomeleza, ngoko akukho sizathu belindele isiqabu yomguli, kwaye kungcono ukuba umntu afowune inqwelo yezigulana.

Iimpawu legazi ebuchotsheni ebantwaneni

Iimpawu eziphambili icala xa kuzalwa zange zahlukile kwezo anokufumaneka izigulane abadala. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimpawu eziliqela ngawo umntu aqonde ukuba umntwana gqobhoza imithambo yegazi ebuchotsheni. Amaxesha amaninzi oku kubonakala ukungakwazi umntwana ukwenza iintshukumo na usana lwakhe, anozizi amehlo sclera ngenxa yegazi rivaleleke kuzo, kwakunye ingcinezelo ingqondo imicu. Ukuba akukho zimpawu ezicacileyo of legazi zokugula ubuchopho kwenzeka kwixesha kamva lokukhula kakhulu ngokungaqhelekanga intamo yomntwana.

Iimpawu ukopha ebuchotsheni, ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo yabo eyendawo

Zalapha ekhaya kwabo hematoma ebuchotsheni kwakhona kuchaphazela iimpawu. Ngenxa yoko, ngelo ukopha kwiindawo ezinzulu isigulane bangafumana iimpawu ezifana ulwaphulo okanye ukubanjwa yokuphefumla, kujikelezo ozinzileyo le amehlo ukuya kwicala elinye, akukho abasabela ngayo abafundi ekukhanyeni, ukuncitshiswa ubushushu bomzimba, ukusilela izinga intliziyo, ukushwabana bangamalungu omunye isiqingatha umzimba. Kaninzi, urhulumente ubonakala wayenza into efana ukopha ingqondo - isiqaqa, apho ukungabikho yesigulane ngayo ukusabela kwizinto ezibuhlungu.

Xa igazi engena zingwevu kunye / okanye umcimbi ezimhlophe zobuchopho imeko yomguli lungabonakaliswa kukunqongophala yokuqhelaniswa nezifundo kwisithuba kunye nokungakwazi nokulawula iintshukumo, buthathaka kwezihlunu, ukuphazamiseka ngokugqithisileyo okanye abazizidalwa, ukuphazamiseka reflex. Yokopha kwi kwiCerebellum, ngokuqhelekileyo ebangela intlungu Occipital kakhulu, ilahleko osezingqondweni, kushenxwe ukusuka kwindawo eqhelekileyo entloko umva okanye nangapha, ukungakwazi nokulawula iintshukumo.

Ukongeza mpawu zingasentla kwizigulane kunye Ukopha ebuchotsheni Inokwenzeka iimpawu ezifana deformation ubuso ngenxa ukushwabana imisipha yobuso, ukungakwazi ndincume, ukungabikho intetho lwesihloko. Xa ezi mpawu kubalulekile ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba ukunika uncedo kumntu wokuqala amse esibhedlele ukuba MRI yobuchopho, apho ukwazi ukucwangcisa iqondo izilonda ezinemigca kwaye ukuba ukujonga unyango olufanelekileyo.

Ukopha eyingozi ngakumbi ingqondo

Le ngozi zaba Ukopha ebuchotsheni, ilele kukuba ngenxa discontinuities izicwili ilungu nemithambo ntoni bayeka zizondlo neoksijini. Ukongeza, ingqondo sebesazi ngale igazi ezingasetyenziswanga, leyo licudisa sites yayo. Ngoko ke, kwiimeko ezininzi, ibanga iziphumo ayibuyiseki umva kwakhona ukuba okuguqula ukuphila emva stroke kumzabalazo isigulana kunye naye, njengoko imisebenzi emininzi umzimba, kuquka i zengqondo, yoluvo, kunye nezinye iintshukumo zokwaphulwa kwemithetho. Ixesha elide isigulane ngaphandle unyango olufanelekileyo, amathuba engaphantsi wosinda kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Unyango ukopha engqondweni

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho iindidi ezimbini kuphela iindlela ukunyanga Ukopha ebuchotsheni. Unyango, kodwa kunoko, indlela yayo (utyando okanye unyango) ekhethiweyo esekelwe Enyanisweni, apho umzimba yenzelwe hematoma, ngokunjalo ubukhulu bayo. Kubonakala ukuba utyando zezi:

• enkulu (50 ml) umthamo wegazi ebambekileyo isicwili sobuchopho;
• ukopha, yenzelwe ngaphakathi ebuchotsheni, okanye kwi ventricle lateral;
• imeko yesigulane enzima yakhe.

Le bona lo msebenzi ugqitywa kuphela ngugqirha khona!

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho iindidi ezininzi iinkqubo zotyando, ukuvumela ukususa ihlwili legazi yobuchopho:

1. Craniotomy, ikhutshwa phandle phantsi Ukubulawa jikelele. Lusetyenziswa legazi kakhulu lobuchopho. Prerequisite ekuya kuqhutyelwa kuzo olu hlobo lotyando kukungabikho kwezifo amalungu angaphakathi isigulane.
2. Kancinane ukuhlinza, eli esakhiwa ngo yokuba ngexesha kuyo ukhakhayi isigulane kwisiza zalapha ekhaya kwabo ihlwili lisetyenziswa lokuvula enye kuphela apho catheter yaziswa nge isisombululo okhethekileyo, kukho zokuchithwa ihlwili legazi. iziqwenga sisicatshulwa yayo nayo yenziwa ngale lokuvula. Ubude unyango malunga 2 iintsuku, ngexesha apho inxalenye entsha yezisombululo kuyimfuneko ukuze ndiyiphalaze qho kwiiyure ezi-6.
3. Stereotactic hematoma ukususa olwenziwa ngokusebenzisa isixhobo okhethekileyo, ekuthe isisombululo ezinyibilikayo igazi anquma zisiwa ngqo kwisiza sisilonda.

Imiphumela and Outlook

Ukopha ayikho eyona ndlela ichaphazele ingqondo. Izithombe zabantu abaye baba esi sifo kungabangela iinyembezi. Kodwa okubi lee ukuze basinde izitya nga komsipha, malunga-50% kuphela yezigulane. Imiphumo legazi ebuchotsheni ixhomekeke kwindlela hematoma elikhulu nendlela ngokukhawuleza isigulane wafumana uncedo. Ubomi emva koswazi azifane uhlala ngokufanayo ngaphambili. A lot of izigulane ziye kakuhle intetho kunye nombono, antsi izandla okanye iinyawo. Enye iingxaki ezininzi kakhulu ukopha kwi ingqondo uthathwa ukuba abe ukuxhuzula.