Ukubhutyuza woluvo: uphawu (Vaz "Kalina", "Priora", "Toyota", "Ibhadi")

Eli nqaku liza sihlolisise oko woluvo ukubhutyuzwa kwebhola. Iimpawu ze ukungaphumeleli kwesi sixhobo ziya makwazeke kuwe. Imoto mihla - yinto iseti yeekhomponenti elektroniki, athi abenoxanduva ukusebenza injini xa iyonke. Kakade ke, uninzi lwezikhululo nkonzo iyafumaneka kwi kummandla lwelizwe lethu. Kodwa ukusilela inokwenzeka ngalo naliphi na ixesha kwaye nayiphi na umgama ukusuka kwinkonzo ekufutshane. komdlali woluvo sisixhobo encinane, kodwa ichaphazele ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-injini.

Yintoni woluvo ukubhutyuzwa?

Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukususa ulwazi malunga indlela yokusebenza ye-injini yokutsha lwangaphakathi. inkqubo yolawulo ICE yi kunokuba nzima, kubandakanya ezininzi izixhobo, omnye nto leyo woluvo ukuba uqhubukusha kokuvela yenjini yemoto. Ukongeza, it ikuvumela ukuba ubone nje phambi enkqonkqoza, kodwa umlinganiselo ixabiso labo. Le meko yenzeka ubonelelo xa ezingafanelekanga zepetroli kwigumbi yokutsha. Ngokukodwa, ukuba yayikukwaphula umlinganiselo umoya nepetroli. Ngokusebenzisa efumanise inkqubo yolawulo Ukubetha yokuqala ikhutshwa phandle ngokulungisa ubume umxube amafutha. Xa woluvo kwindawo elula kakhulu - phakathi kwe cylinder wesibini nowesithathu. Ngamanye amazwi, kanye phakathi kwe block motor. Lize ikuvumela ukuba ubhale i detonation incinane enkqonkqoza kwi injini. Ezi embarrassments kwenzeka ukuba woluvo Ukubetha eziphosakeleyo. Iimpawu, "Priora" le okanye nayiphi na enye imoto, ngokufanayo.

wenza njani woluvo ukubhutyuzwa?

On izithuthi mihla sebenzisa uyilo broadband kunye nohlobo resonant. Baye nokuba iziphumo enye okanye ezimbini uqhagamshelwano iyunithi yolawulo-elektroniki. Le piezo ebangela - ipleyiti encinane, nto leyo uvelisa umbane yintshukumo uyothuka kwaye intlokoma. Kwaye kukho omnye mthetho: ngokuqina nobetho, kokukhona umlinganiselo wamandla ziya kuveliswa imbasa. Ngokufanayo, ukungcangcazela: oluphezulu rhoqo, lo ombane imveliso ye element piezoelectric enkulu.

Ezi parameters ngomkhondo woluvo ukubhutyuzwa kwebhola. Iimpawu ( "Ibhadi" kule nkalo akukho eyahlukileyo kwezinye iimoto) ezifanayo. Zonke yexabiso idatha ombane kwi nembasa wondla ukuba iyunithi yolawulo ngekhompyutha eyenziwe microcontroller. It ivumela ulungelelwaniso of the ucinezelo ucuphe ixesha, kwaye Kuchaza indlela ucinezelo amafutha-air umxube egumbini yokutsha.

Yintoni detonation?

Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba sithethe woluvo ukubhutyuzwa kwebhola, iimpawu ukusilela Vaz-2114 kunye neminye imizekelo, kufuneka ufumanise ukuba kutheni kukho into enjalo. Ngokuqinisekileyo ndabeva ipetroli iinjini ebuntsimbi iphunga, xa namafutha licinezelwe ngokukhawuleza. Kudla kokuba ilahlwe eminweni yakhe, kodwa lo mbono olungachanekanga ngokupheleleyo.

Ingxaki kukuba ekuqaleni ukutsha air-fuel umxube kunye yintlantsi overshoot kwenzeka phakathi electrode yintlantsi ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ngenxa yoko, ukwanda kwamaqondo obushushu kunye noxinzelelo ngqo kwigumbi yokutsha. Ngenxa yoko, self-mafutha kunye dubulo umxube amafutha kwenzeke. A shot iliza phezu udonga injini efana kakhulu kwi kunkqonkqozwa metal.

Eyona eziphambili ezibangela ukuba enkqonkqoza

Ukuba iyitshinizele nesibakala ukuba ukuba isenzeko, kuyimfuneko ukuthetha malunga nezizathu ezibangela ukuba detonation. Ibaluleke kakhulu kukuba ipetroli, umgangatho nebakala (Inombolo octane). Okuya kusiba phantsi kwexabiso yokugqibela, inowuthi uzinzo zepetroli kufuneka detonation. Malunga njengokuba thina sithetha, ukuba imane kwizikhululo irhasi ivavanywe ukuthintela naziphi na iingxaki. Nceda uqaphele ukuba abantu basoloko kunkqonkqozwa emva kokufaka kwizikhululo igesi ekrokrisayo. Liyinyaniso elokuba, lo woluvo ukubhutyuzwa Vaz, iimpawu eyayiphazamisa kuxoxwa kweli nqaku, ivumela ixesha balahle iimpawu bayivulele.

Ukongeza, esinye sezizathu ingenzeka of inkqonkqoze - Akulunganga efakiweyo engile phambili. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ibhanti ixesha iye yabangela amazinyo embalwa, yiyo le ukuphazamiseka. Ngokufuthi unobangela enkqonkqoza yinto yokuba umntu aphembe umxube amahlwempu. Ngenxa yoko, amafutha ngaphantsi ngokomphushu kwaye ibizela ubushushu obuninzi. Ngenxa yoko, ngokutsiba elibukhali kwamaqondo obushushu kunye okuvela enkqonkqoza. Lo monakalo ayifumaneki, ukuba ukhangela i electrode yintlantsi kwiplagi.

Yintoni enye kunokubangela i detonation?

Oyena nobangela detonation - yinto Ukunyuka kobushushu egumbini yokutsha. Kwakhona enkqonkqoza kungabangela iingxaki kwemithambo. Umzekelo, ukuphazamiseka zokungenisa zeemoto. Kulo mzekelo, irhasi zeemoto ungakwazi ukuphuma. Oku kwenza i detonation kwi injini. Enye into ebalulekileyo yile iimeko apho ukusebenza itheyibhile ephindaphindayo kwenzeka. Ngokukodwa, ukwakhiwa esemgangathweni umxube wondla egumbini yokutsha. Kwaye ke ndinkqonkqoza sensor Vaz, iimpawu apho siya ngoku ukufumana nandzu. It ikuvumela ukunyenyisa ukusebenza enjinini.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuye kwakho ukwanda bomthwalo avumelekile kwi injini ukutshiswa lwangaphakathi, kwaye imbonakalo egumbini yokutsha, i electrode ye yintlantsi isixa esikhulu uthuthu lweziko. Ukuba umsebenzi kuthatha indawo kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu ambient, kukuvela enkqonkqoza ayinakuphepheka. Kakade ke, ukuba kukho nobushushu le injini yokutsha, zonke izinto. Kakhulu ukunxiba mechanism igeza, nto leyo ithetha ukusilela ngaphambi-injini.

Kuthekani ukuba woluvo eyaphukileyo?

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba woluvo ukubhutyuzwa ukuze isebenze kakuhle. Xa injini uqala troit. Kulo mzekelo, kuya kufuneka wenze icebo isifo. Inyathelo lokuqala ukunikela ingqalelo imeko iintambo lalisetyenziswa woluvo liqhagamshelene kwinkqubo yolawulo imoto. Nikela ingqalelo ekhethekileyo unxulumano. Ukuba unayo nelitye okanye ukuba oxidized, kufuneka uveze zabo. Ngaloo uqinisekise nayiphi woluvo ukubhutyuzwa kwebhola. "Kalina", iimpawu eyayiphazamisa akukho ezahlukileyo kwezo enikwe kweli nqaku kufuneka ukuba kubekho ulondolozo ngexesha ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezonakeleyo.

Kodwa kwimeko apho kungekho monakalo engaphandle elibhaqiweyo, kunokwenziwa isigqibo ukuba kukho ukusilela wexesha elongezelelweyo lomenzi woluvo. Wonke umsebenzi kungenziwa ngokuzimeleyo. Ukususa woluvo ukubhutyuzwa kwebhola, kuya kufuneka iseti encinane izixhobo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukususwa lwenziwa usebenzisa iqhosha-20 okanye 13. Oku kuxhomekeke koko kuhlobo into esetyenziswe imoto yakho.

A indlela elula kokuxilongwa

Emva kokususa makanxibelelanise voltmeter ukuya kwisitishi thabatha bezindlu sensor, ezakhayo - ukuya ucingo isebenza kuyo. imilinganiselo voltmeter eqine kufuneka lubekwe ixabiso 0.2 V. Ngoku, cinga siseko ukusebenza woluvo sokubhutyuza. Kwathiwa ngasentla ukuba kwipleyiti uqala umbane ngexesha impembelelo. Ngoko ke, kufuneka ukuba abeke izithonga ezimbalwa ukuya umzimba kwefowuni. Umkhosi ukuba babe ezahlukeneyo. Kuxhomekeke ukuba umbethe njani nzima woluvo ukubhutyuzwa kwebhola kuya kwahluka voltmeter.

Ukuba akatshintshi, kukho ukusilela kwefowuni. Kulo mzekelo, uncedo kuphela indawo epheleleyo. Zuza woluvo kuba nayiphi auto. Nceda uqaphele ukuba esi sixhobo ngamacebo eziliqela. Ngoko ke thatha woluvo endala labandakanywa isampulu. Ikota abenzi ezakuba nkonzo iphezulu kakhulu. Bona kusebenza obungunaphakade, njengoko nje into ndaphule. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba izithuthi ezahlukeneyo basebenzisa woluvo Ukubetha yokuqala. Iimpawu ( "Toyota" okanye Vaz, akunamsebenzi) iza kuba efanayo, kodwa amaza uphawu lwe output inqanaba kwaye zahluke kakhulu.

The main Ukungaphumeleli kwisekethe woluvo

Njengoko uqaphele, angezanga nayiphi ubunzima ukutshintshwa isivamvo detonation. Kodwa yintoni eyenzekayo kukuba, nasemva kokuba ukufakelwa isixhobo esitsha ayisebenzi kakuhle injini. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kufuneka ukufumanisa ngokupheleleyo iingcingo imoto yakhe. Izibane isibane, nto leyo eyazisa nawuphi na umonakalo injini, enkqonkqoza kuthatha indawo operation ezingazinzanga.

A ebangela ukungaphumeleli kuxhomekeke kumgca umqondiso, nto leyo bahlukane. Ngaphezu koko, lo ingqibelelo uvikele inokuba sengozini. Kudla ezinjengeetheminali isivamvo yesekethe kunye nabanye. Enoba ngokumka ubuxoki woluvo okanye iingcingo, athe elidityaniswe iyunithi yolawulo elektroniki, iimpawu zangaphandle uya kuba njalo.

iziphumo

Ngoku uyazi ukuba woluvo ukubhutyuzwa kwebhola. Impawu Vaz-2110 kunye nezinye izithuthi nayo kuwe ngoku mfihlakalo. Kwaye ngokulula self-ukuxilonga endaweni isixhobo elula ngolo hlobo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ixesha ingqalelo kokuvela yenjini yemoto. Kwaye uzame ukuba imane kwizikhululo igesi ukungathembeki.