Ukufakwa kobushushu kwindawo yangasese ngezandla zabo. Ukutshiswa kweepayipi ze-polypropylene ngezandla

Ukwandisa ukusebenza kunye nokuphucula ubomi bokusebenza kwenkqubo yokufudumala, abaqeqeshi bacebisa ukuba ukufakela ukufudumeza kwindlu yangasese ngezandla zabo usebenzisa iipayipi ezenziwe nge-polypropylene. Kakade emva konyaka wokusebenza, ukufaneleka kwezifaniso zabo ezivela kwintsimbi kuncipha, konke ngenxa yokushisa okuphakamileyo le mibhobho iqala ukugquma ngaphakathi.

Izinzuzo zenkqubo yokufudumala esuka kwi-polypropylene

Kulo cwangciso lokushushumbisa, kukho inzuzo eninzi, phakathi kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukuncinwa kokufakela - inkqubo enjalo kulula ukwenza ngokwayo, ngaphandle komsebenzi wenziwa ngexesha elifutshane.
• Ukuthenjwa nokuzinza - i-polypropylene ithathwa njengolwazi lwezinto zanamhlanje, ubomi balo busebenza ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-50, aluxhomekeke ekubunjweni kwesikali, ukubola kunye nezinye iigosithi, iyakunyamezela imichiza kunye neempembelelo zomoya. Ngenxa yoxhumano olumgangatho weepayipi, ukuvuza kwabo kungabandakanywa ngokupheleleyo.
• Ixabiso elincinci - xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo zokufudumala kwiipayipi zensimbi zensimbi, zensimbi okanye zetsimbi-plastiki, ukufudumala okuvela kwiipayipi zepropropylene ngezandla zendlu yangasese kuya kuba ngamaxesha amancinci.
• Ukuhambelana kwezendalo.
• Ukusebenza kakuhle kwemibhobho eyenziwe ngepropropylene ineempawu eziphambili ze-thermal insulation, ezinokunciphisa kakhulu ukulahleka kobushushu kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, kuqinisekisa ukufudumala okufanayo kufakwe iifowuni zokufudumala kwaye, ngokubanzi, kwandisa ukwenziwa komsebenzi.
• Ukungabikho komsebenzi ongenamsebenzi - iimipayipi ze-polypropylene nazo zinempawu ezintle ezingenakuphilisa.
• Kunokwenzeka ukuba kuphuculwe ukubonakala kwe-esesthetic yesakhiwo-ngokujonga ukuzinza nokuthembeka okuphezulu, ukufakela ukushisa kwindlu yangasese ngezandla zabo kungenziwa ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo zokwakha.
• Umgangatho womsebenzi wofakelo uxhomekeke kwizinto ezikhethiweyo: zokushushumbisa iinkqubo, kuyacetyiswa ukusebenzisa iipayipi eziqinisiweyo , ukubonelelwa kwamanzi kunye nokuqhelaniswa, iimveliso eziqhelekileyo zifanelekile.
• Iipayipi ezenziwe nge-polypropylene ziyakhathalela ukushisa okuphezulu, ngoko azicetyiswa ukuba zisetyenziswe kwimimandla engozi yomlilo.

Iingxaki zeemveliso ze-polypropylene

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthenga iipolypropylene iipayipi kuphela kubavelisi abathembekileyo, kuba ukungaziphathi ngokuthe ngqo kuxhomekeke ekusebenziseni izinto eziphathekayo ezingekho emgangathweni, kunye nokuphulwa kweteknoloji yokuvelisa.

Iipolypropylene ipayipi yokufudumala, iintlobo kunye nokufakela ngezandla

Njengamanje, ikarhwebo yokwakha linika ukhetho oluninzi lwemveliso ye-polypropylene. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphambi kokuba uthenge, kufuneka uqonde iimpawu zabo kunye namanqaku.

Iibhobho PN-10

Ezi mveliso zinomlinganiselo ongaphantsi wama-20-110 mm, ububanzi obuphakathi kwe-16.2-90 mm. Ukwenza iibhobho ezinjalo, ipolpropylene enee-thin (1.9-10 mm thick) isetyenzisiweyo, eyenzelwe ukushisa kwe-system ukuya kuma-20 ° C kunye noxinzelelo olusebenzayo olungekho ngaphezu kwe-1 MPa, ngoko ayisetyenziselwa ukufudumeza iinkqubo.

Iibhobho PN-16

Ukusetyenziswa kwabo kuvunyelwe kumaqondo atshisayo ukuya kuma-80 ° C, kodwa olu hlobo lwebhobho aliyinto engavumelekanga, ngoko aphantse ayisebenzise.

Iibhobho PN-20

Ezi mveliso zinomlinganiselo we-10.6-73.2 mm, ububanzi obungaphandle kwe-16-110 mm, ububanzi bodonga lwe-1.6-18.4 mm. Ezi mibhobho zenzelwe ukushisa ukuya kuma-80 ° C kunye neengcinezelo zokusebenza ezingadluli ii-2 MPa. Olu hlobo lwamapayipi luphela. Nangona kunjalo, kwindlela yokufudumeza, inokusetyenziswa kuphela kwimpayili yokubuyela, kwaye ukushisa kwamanzi akufanele kube ngaphezu kwaleyo iboniswe ngaphambili.

Iibhobho PN-25

Le yona khetho efanelekileyo kakhulu yokwenza ukufudumeza kwindlu yangasese ngezandla zakho. Uphawu oluphambili lwalo mveliso yiyo yokusebenza emininzi (iindawo ezimbini zeplastiki, phakathi
Yiyiphi i-aluminium, ephathwe ngayo neglue). Imveliso ye-aluminium ine-diameter yangaphandle ye-21.2-77.9 mm kunye nobubanzi obuphakathi kwe-13.5-50 mm. Imisebenzi efana ne-polypropylene kwindlela yokufudumala kunye noxinzelelo osebenzayo olungekho ngaphezu kwe-2.5 MPa kunye nobushushu obufikelela kwi-90 ° C.

Ubukho bomlayini we-aluminium luyancipha umlinganiselo wokunyuselwa kwamapayipi njengoko iphostante idlulayo. Nangona kunjalo, xa ukhetha iimveliso eziqinisiweyo kubalulekile ukuqwalasela indawo yayo. Ukuba umlayinisi uhlala kufuphi nongaphandle, oku kuya kuba nzima ukwenza inkqubo yokubambelela, kule nxu lumano, ukufakela ukushisa kwindlu yangasese ngezandla zabo kulo mzekelo kuya kufuna ukuthengwa kwezixhobo ezongezelelweyo (ubuso obukhethekileyo okanye i-shuiver).

Olunye uhlobo luyi-pipeline ye-fiberglass-reinforced pipeline, afana nomgangatho kwimveliso kunye noqweqwe lwe-foil. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo lokuqala lubonakaliswe ngongoma ophezulu wokunyuka kwamafutha, kodwa ukufakela kwabo kulula.

Uxhumano lwebhola

Ukuxhamla kwamapayipi (ububanzi ukuya kuma-63 mm) ubuchwepheshe obuninzi bokusetyenziswa:

1. Ukudibanisa kwe-Spigot - omnye umgca wokudibanisa ufakwa kwenye, wandisa ngokukhethekileyo kule njongo.
2. Ukulumala ngokubambisana - inxalenye ekhethekileyo (ukudibanisa) iquka zombini iziphelo.

Unxibelelwano olufakiwe lungasetyenziselwa , ukufakwa ngeentsimbi kusetyenziswa ukuphunyezwa kwayo.

Ukudibanisa iipayipi (ububanzi obungaphezu kwama-63 mm), iteknoloji yokwehliswa komzimba isetyenziswa. Kule meko, ukufakwa kwamakhonkco akudingeki, kuba le nxu lumano luphezulu. Ukuba kukho izixhobo ezifanelekileyo, ungasebenzisa i-welding couplings.

Ukuyila kweenkqubo zokufudumeza

Ngaphambi kokutshisa endlwini yangasese ngezandla zabo, kubalulekile ukuba uyiyile ngokuchanekileyo.

Ukuba ukufudumala kufakwe kwindlu yelizwe, ibhoyili kufuneka ifakwe kwigumbi elithile. Indlu iyavunyelwa ukuba ifakwe ekhitshini okanye kwibala. Igumbi kufuneka lixhotywe ngenkqubo yokukhupha.

Xa ucwangcisa inkqubo yokufudumala, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba umbhobho wokubuyisela akufanele ube ngaphantsi kokunikezelwa kwibheyili, ngaphandle koko ukuhambisa kuzoba nzima okanye akunakwenzeka. Ukwenza oku, umzobo wesithathu wemibhobho kufuneka ulungiswe, kubonisa iifowuni zokufudumala, amanqanaba okuhamba kwezakhiwo ezidibeneyo kunye neendawo zokujika.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba kulula kakhulu ukwenza ukushisa kwiipayipi zepropropylene ngesandla kwisithuba sabucala kunanoma yiphina enye inkqubo. Isicwangciso sibalwa ubude bombhobho, inani lokuxhuma kunye nokujika.

Iintlobo zokufakela

Ukufakwa kwenkqubo kwimiveliso ye-polyproplene kungenziwa ngeentlobo ezimbini:

1. Ugalelo oluphezulu luhlobo lomdaka, obangelwa ngumlinganiselo wobushushu. Inkqubo enjalo kumakhaya angasese iyona eqhelekileyo, njengoko ilula, inokwethenjelwa kwaye ayifuni ukufakela izixhobo eziphambili zokupompa.
2. I-spill ephantsi-ukunyakaza kwe-coolant ngokusebenzisa i-circuit yokufudumala iyanyanzelwa ngepompo. Inzuzo engundoqo yenkqubo enjalo yindlela yokusetyenziswa kwizakhiwo ezininzi. Ukongeza, iipayipi zamancinci ezincinci zingasetyenziselwa, kunye nokucwangciswa kwe-wiring akunandaba.

Izixhobo nezixhobo ezifunekayo zokufakela

Ukuqhuba ukutshisa indlu yangasese ngezandla zakho (isicwangciso senkqubo kufuneka senziwe ngaphambili), kuya ku funeka oku kulandelayo:

• Iipayipi ze-polypropylene kunye neerameter ezahlukeneyo (ukuxhuma kwiinkqubo zokufudumala kunye neesekethe eziphambili).
• Iiswele ze polypropylene.
• Ukuncibilika kwentsimbi kunye nesethi yamathintelo.
• Ungadinga i-perforator yokubetha iindonga.
• Ummakishi.
• Roulette.
• I-Wall mounts (iziqeshana zeplastiki okanye i-metal brackets).
• Ukubambisana, iibona, ii-adapters.

Ukufudumala endlwini yangasese ngezandla zabo: amacebo, ukubalwa nokufakela

Into ephambili xa kuhlanganiswa inkqubo yeepayipi zepropropylene, apho kuyimfuneko ukugxila ingqalelo ekhethekileyo, ukuxhamla kwezinto ezisemgangathweni (imibhobho, ukufakelwa). Ngenxa yoko, umashishini omele umbane kufuneka usetyenziswe.

Ukufakela inkqubo yokufudumala eyenziwe nge-polypropylene, kufuneka:

1. Okokuqala, yenza umzobo wendawo yeepayipi.
2. Emva koko iibhola ze-polypropylene zibalwa. Ukubala kuqhutyelwa ngokwecandelo elichazwe kumhlathi odlulileyo.
3. Ubude bamapayipi kwicandelo ngalinye libalwe.
4. Ukufakwa kobukhulu obufunekayo kukhethwe.
5. Ngaphezulu, ngaphambi kokuba ufake ukushisa kwezindlu zangasese ngezandla zakho (icebo kufuneka lilungiswe kwangaphambili), kufuneka uthenge zonke izinto kwaye uvumele ukuba ulale phantsi malunga nosuku lokushisa kwamaqondo. Oku kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngexesha lokufakela kunye nokusebenza ngokulandelelana kwiplastiki akukho ziqhekeza ngenxa yokutshintsha kwexesha lokushisa.
6. Kwiimibhobho, amanqaku ezindawo zokusika ayenziwe.
7. Kwimizila ephawulwe ngokukhawulwa kwamakishi kwenziwa ngeetysi ezikhethekileyo.
8. Isixhobo sokuxhamla sifakwe kwindawo engqambileyo, umbhobho oqhubekileyo ufakwe, ulingana nobubanzi bombhobho.
9. Isixhobo sokuxubha sitshiswa ku-260 ° C.
10. Izixhobo kunye nemibhobho zifakwe emgodini wento yokufudumala. Emva koko bavutha.
11. Amalungu ayasuswa kwaye ibhobho ifakwe kwindawo efanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba ezi ndawo zingabonakali ngexesha loxhumano.

Xa ukufudumala kwamanzi kwindlu yangasese, isiphaluka kunye nokufakela kwezandla zizaliswe ngokupheleleyo, ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo iqaliswe ngokupheleleyo, kubalulekile ukuyivavanya kwangaphambili. Iipayipi ixesha elithile (ubuncinane iiyure ezimbini) zizaliswe ngamanzi ukufumanisa iimeko ezingasebenzi kwaye zichithwe ngokukhawuleza.

Imithetho yokubeka

Umntu ngamnye, enze ukufudumeza kwezindlu zangasese zeplanga ngezandla zakhe, kufuneka abambelele kule mithetho elandelayo:

1. Ukucima iipayipi zibe ngamacandelwana, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise
   Izikiti ezikhethekileyo, izixhobo okanye umkhonto ocikizekileyo. Kubalulekile ukugcina i-angle ° 90 °.
2. Ukufakela okongezelelweyo kwabanikazi kuya kunceda ukwandisa ukuthembeka kokugxilwa kwemibhobho, kunye nokukhusela ukukhutshwa kwazo.
3. Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nenkqubo yokufakela, kuyimfuneko ukuhlola yonke imveliso kuyo nayiphi na into engcolileyo kwiindonga zangaphakathi.
4. Ubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu kwigumbi xa kufaka inkqubo yokufudumeza yi-+5 ° C.
5. Imibhobho eyenziwe nge-polypropylene, ukukhuselwa kumaqondo aphezulu kunye nezinto ezixhasayo kufuneka ziqinisekiswe.
6. Ukunyaniseka kunye nemigangatho yokufaneleka kwezixhobo zinganyuswa ukuba zisetyenziswe ekufakeni i-FSM tape.
7. Ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise umshini wokulumala, kufuneka uphelelwe ukushisa okufunekayo.

Iingcebiso eziNcedo

Ukuze ukwazi ukufaka ngokutsha ukutshisa indlu yangasese ngezandla zakho ukusuka kwi-A ukuya kwi-Z, kucetyiswa ukuba uzifundele ngezi ngcebiso ezilandelayo:

1. Ukuxutywa kweepayipi ze-polyethylene kunokwenziwa kuphela ukuba iqondo lokushisa libukhulu ubuncinane +5 ° C. Ngaphandle koko kuya kuba nzima ukufikelela uxhulumaniso olufanelekileyo, kwaye ngenxa yoko, inkqubo yokufudumala iya kulahla ngokukhawuleza.
2. Ngaphambi kokuxutywa, kuyimfuneko ukususa yonke into engcolileyo ekhoyo kwimida yombhobho. Oku kunokwenziwa nge-rag ecocekileyo. Emva koko, umhlaba uphelelwa ngotywala, ehlanjululwa ngamanzi kwisilinganiselo se-1: 1.
3. Ixesha lokunyusa nokupholisa iipayipi lugqitywa yincwadi ekhethekileyo yokubhekisa, kuxhomekeke kububanzi bemveliso ethengiweyo.

Isiphelo

Inkqubo yokufudumala esuka kumipayipi ye-polypropylene sele isasazeke kakhulu phakathi kwabathengi ngenxa yeenzuzo zayo, iindleko eziphantsi, ukunyaniseka nokulula. Ngoku uyazi nendlela yokufudumala ngezandla zakho - ukusuka kwimveliso ye-polypropylene. Eli nqaku likuncede ukuba uqinisekise ukuba unokwenza ulolu hlobo lokufudumala, kubandakanywa ukuthungwa kwemibhobho, ngaphandle kokuncedisa ngaphandle kwezoncedo. Kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu, ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo enjalo akunakwenzeka kuphela kwisakhiwo samabali, kodwa nakwizakhiwo ezininzi zeeyunithi.