Unokujonga njani ukulinganiswa kwemiboniso yeTV? Abalaleli beTV. Inkqubo yeTV

Ngokuthandwa komabonwakude, ukulinganisa kwee-TV izilinganiso kuye kwaba yinto ebalulekileyo ebhizinisini. Akumane nje amashaneli, abanini-nxaxheba kunye nabaxhasi banomdla ekusebenzeni izibalo nokuzihlalutya, kodwa nabaphulaphuli beTV ngokwabo.

Amanqaku okuqala afunyenweyo anika ithuba lokulawula umgaqo-nkqubo wamabonwakude okwangoku, ngelixa kubalinganiswa bamabonisi yintonga echaphazela ngayo imithetho yehlabathi lomabonwakude. Eli nqaku elichanekileyo liya kulahla le mibuzo kwaye liya kukuvumela ukuba uqonde indlela ukulinganiswa kwemiboniso yeTV kumiselwe ngayo.

Iingcamango ezisisiseko zoshishino lokulinganisa

Ukususela kwisiNgesi, igama elithi "rating" liguqulelwe ngokuthi "uvavanyo". Ingumlinganiselo weepesenti ovela ekubaleni umlinganiselo wababukeli bebukele inkqubo ethile kwithuba elithile lexesha ukuya kubafundi abakhoyo ngokubanzi. Ukulinganiswa kwemiboniso yeTV kulinganiswa phakathi kweqela labantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-4 abahlala kwiidolophu ezinkulu, apho inani labahlali lidlula uphawu lwamawaka ayi-100 abantu.

Elinye ixesha lezakhono ze-telemetry liyingxenye-oku kuluphawu lokucacisa, oluchanekileyo ngokusekelwe kumlinganiselo phakathi kwenani lababukeli ngokwenene ekubukeni inkqubo kunye nabantu abavele bavula iTV ngexesha elithile okanye batshintshe iziteshi.

Iqela lokugqibela, njengokuba kunjalo, abaphulaphuli abanokuthi bathumele. Inkqubo yomabonwakude kunye nempumelelo yayo yehlabathi, ngoko ke, kuxhomekeke kwidatha yokulinganisa, kunye nesabelo esibalwe. Bonke babonisa intsingiselo yangempela kunye neminqweno yabaphulaphuli.

Ukulinganiswa koonomathotholo

Ukuhanjiswa kwenani lokwenene nelinokuba ngababukeli xa lijonga ukuba ukusasazwa kungalingani, ngenxa yezinto ezininzi. Ixesha lemini libaluleke kakhulu; Ngoko ke, inkqubo yeTV ingafumana ixesha lokusa okanye ngokuhlwa, nangona ukusasazwa okuthulileyo kunethuba lokuphakama, kuba abantu bafuna ukubona ubuncinci ngaphambi kokuya emsebenzini okanye ekubuyeni kwabo.

Ukuze uqonde indlela umlinganiselo wezevolontiwe ozimisele ngayo, kuyimfuneko ukuba uqikelele ukuba ukubalwa kwenzeka ngokuhlukileyo kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomabonwakude: umhlaba okanye ikhebula (i-satellite). Ngokwehlu lo kuqala umntu uyayeka ukhetho lwakhe kwelinye lezithuba ezingamashumi amabini, ngelixa le sibini - kwelinye lama-100, 150 okanye ngaphezulu! Ukujonga kubaphulaphuli abathile kunye nokuthandayo, ukudlala ezandleni zamadoda anamava e-TV, kwakhona, kubangela ukungafani kwenkqubo. Ngoko ke, ukulinganiswa kweentengiso zeTV, iindaba, iinkqubo zabantwana, "isitayela", imixholo ekhangayo ayinakuze iwele - inesidingo esigxina. Iingcali zihlalutya iimfuno zabantu kwaye, ngokusekelwe kubo, zilungelelanisa igridi ye-TV.

Ngubani na ngenjongo yokuqhuba amanani?

Inkqubo yokubala i-data rating eRashiya iqhutywa ngenxa yomsebenzi we-TNS GALLUP-MEDIA, olawulayo kulo mkhakha. Eli nkampani lijongana nemilinganiselo kuyo yonke imicimbi yeendaba: ukusasazwa, intanethi, amaphephancwadi kunye namaphephandaba. Ulwazi olufunyenweyo luphela luya kuqatshelwa njengegosa.

Kutheni uGallup enza oku? Kuyacaca ukuba, ngenzuzo. Isilinganiselo sihlobo lwemali yomsakazo, oluhambelana kakhulu kunye nokukhangisa kunye nokuthakazelisa, okokuqala, kumthengisi. Ithelevishini kunye ne-telecasts zenza njengabathengisi be-airtime kwaye zenza umdla wokukhangisa umdlali, ngoko ke ii-arhente zentengiso ezifuna ukukhuthaza iimveliso zazo akufanele zenze ukhetho olungalunganga. Kule meko, bancediswa ngamanani eemathematika, abizwa ngokuba yimilinganiselo. Ikuvumela ukuba wenze izigqibo malunga nenzuzo yokuthenga uphawu oluthile lweTV kunye nokutshala imali kuyo ngenjongo yokukhuthaza iimveliso zabo ngaphakathi kwintengiso ngexesha lokubonisa inkqubo ethile.

Iindidi zolwazi ezifunyenweyo kunye nocwangciso lweendaba

Ulinganiso lwenzeka kwindawo ephakathi kwenzululwazi yenzululwazi kwaye ikwahlula ngamacandelo amabini: ukuchongwa kwedatha ekhoyo kunye neyobikezelo. Uhlobo lo kuqala luvumela ukuba ufumane izigqibo malunga nokubukela okwenene kwe-TV kwenkqubo ethile kunye nempumelelo yayo kubemi. Iyakunikwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuphela kokusasazwa.

Ukulinganiswa kokubikezela kungenakwenzeka, kugxininiswe kwii-agent zentengiso, kodwa ziyimfuneko kubasasazo. Uhlobo lokuqala lwedatha lufunekayo ukulungiselela iiprojekthi zalo zesikhathi eside, ukugqibela-ukuze kuchaneke impumelelo engafanelekileyo yokudluliselwa, kuxhomekeke ekuya kuthi kuthengwe kuqala, ize iboniswe kwigridi yomoya kwindawo ethile ngexesha elithile.

Ixesha eliqhelekileyo ukubikezela kusekelwe kwidatha yeziphumo ezidlulileyo kunye neziphumo, kodwa zenziwa zombini ngemisebenzi yemibutho yophando, kwaye, ukuba ifunwa, ngamashane ngokwabo.

Kodwa nangona kunjalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zeziphi iindidi, unganquma njani ukulinganiswa? I-Telecasts kunye nabantu, kubonakala ngathi, baninzi, kwaye ukucela wonke umntu ngezinto eziphathekayo kumabonwakude ngumsebenzi ongenakwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, konke kulula kakhulu - ngeendlela ezibonakalisiweyo, rhoqo ngokuncedisa iteknoloji yanamhlanje.

Ukulinganiswa kweprogram yeTV kubalwa njani: ukhetho lwezoqoqosho

Ukusetyenziswa kweeDayari zeeDayari, njengamanye amacandelo ophando, kwisakhelo soqoqo lwengcaciso jikelele ukusuka kwipampula yamanqanaba, apho kukho ubuncinane i-TV esebenzayo.

I-telemetry, enye okanye imizi ekhethiweyo ikhethiweyo, ekwahlukana kwiivenyu zokuvota. Bakhetha amakhaya, kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezifundo ezifundwayo-zenziwa ngokwahlukileyo-zihlukaniswe ngamaqela ngokwemiqathango emininzi okanye emininzi eyababumbanisa (umsebenzi, isikhundla semali, njl.).

Idayari yitheyibhile, apho ikholam ecacileyo ibonisa imirhumo yeTV okanye ukudluliselwa, ngokuxhomekeka kwinqanaba lezinto ezifunekayo ukuba zichongwe, kunye nekholomu eqondekileyo - ixesha lemihla, lihlukaniswe libe lixesha eli-15. Izinto eziphathekayo zinikezelwa kuwo onke amalungu entsapho avumelene nophando (amakhaya), kwaye ngamnye uyayigcwalisa ngokuhambelana nombono wabo wombukeli.

Kumabonom TV

Kwakhona zixhobo zokubala. Zizoxhobo ezikhethekileyo zekhompyutheni ezivumela ukuba ufake kunye nokurejista inani leenombolo zethelevishini kunye nama-radios eziye zatshitshiswa ngexesha elithile litshintshi elithile.

Le ndlela "yokuhlakanipha" enye inxalenye yendlela yokumisela ukulinganiswa kwemiboniso yeTV, kwaye yenza kube lula ukuqala ukujonga ukuhanjiswa ngokuchaneka kweyesibini.

I-sensor yakhiwa kwi-receiver. Xa usebenzisa idivaysi yelungu lekhaya, ukubhaliswa kuyadingeka ngokucindezela iqhosha ekulawuleni okude kumntu ngamnye kwintsapho. Emva kolu nyathelo, imitha yombane iya kubala ngokuzenzekelayo zonke iziteshi ezitshintshileyo kunye neenkqubo zeTV eziveliswe kwiTV ethile, emva koko ngobusuku ulwazi oluqokelelwe kwi-teleview luya kudluliselwa kwiziko leenkcukacha zaseMoscow.

I-disadvantage enkulu yeso sixhobo ibophezela kwifowuni yasekhaya, apho baninzi abanakho, okanye naliphi na ixesha elithile (umzekelo, ehlobo e-dacha).

Iimviwo kunye neengxoxo zefowuni nazo zisetyenziswa.

Iingcamango zokudala kunye neendlela ezintsha

Izindlela ezintsha kunye nezisombululo zokubala iinkcukacha zenkcazelo zenziwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ngokomzekelo, inkampani yaseMerika iye yavelisa isixhobo esinokuzilungisa ngokuzenzekelayo ubuso obubhekiselele kumamkeli womabonwakude. Le ngcamango yafunyanwa ngabantu, abaye baqwalasela ukufakwa kweso sixhobo endlwini kungekhona nje ukuphazamiseka ebomini bodwa, kodwa kwakhona njengendawo enganeleyo yokufikelela kwizigqibo, kuba umntu ophendukela kwi-TV akahlali ekhangele ngqo ngokusasazwa.

Inhlangano ekhankanywe esele i-"Gallup", kunye nenkampani ehamba phambili e-USA ngokuhlalutya kwamanani phakathi kwabaphulaphuli be-radio, iye yavelisa isixhobo esibukeka njengepager. Uhlala egqunywe ngumphandi ophando kunye nokuchaneka okukhulu kunokwenzeka ukuthabatha ulwazi malunga nokubukela iinkqubo zeTV ngethuba lokuhlala komntu ngaphandle kwendlu.

Ukungafani kunye nokungalungiswanga kwimilinganiselo

Uninzi lwale ndlela lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kodwa abaphandi baqaphela ukungapheleli komnye wabo. Iirejista ze-Viewer, nangona uhlobo oluqhelekileyo nolulinganiselayo lokulinganisa, lubonakalisa kude neziphumo ezichanekileyo, ziqulethe iimpazamo ezibalulekileyo.

Izixhobo zombane zibiza kakhulu kwaye ukufikelela kubo kummangalelwa akusoloko zikhoyo, kuba ezininzi izixhobo zibophelelwe kwiiTV zasekhaya. Musa ukuqwalasela ukubheka iTV kwiindawo apho abantu basebenza khona okanye kwiindawo zokuzonwabisa ezihlukeneyo. Kwakhona, umntu akakwazi ukubukela ukuhanjiswa kwenene, kwaye uyiphendule kuphela kwimvelaphi. Ukongezelela, uphando luyabalalisa ngokupheleleyo abantu abahlala kwiidolophana kunye needolophana, ngelixa abemi bawo banokuthandwa kwithelevishini.

Nangona kunjalo, zonke iinkcukacha zobuxoki okanye ezingaphelelanga ziyabalwa njengenene. Kutheni? Ngenxa yokuba okwangoku ezi zikhethiweyo zikhona nje kuphela ukuba ngabaqondisi bamashishini benze izigqibo ezichanekileyo malunga nokuba luhlobo luni lokusasazwa ngumbukeli.

Ukuphuculwa kweshishini lokulinganisa kwenzeka rhoqo ngonyaka, iindlela zokuphanda ziya kuba zichanekileyo ngakumbi ukwenzela ukubonakalisa injongo eninzi, imeko yangempela kwimakethe ye-TV.

Iphakama kwaye iwa

Ukulinganisa kufana neemeko ezininzi kwiimpawu zesikhokelo ngenxa yokungazami. Naziphi na izizathu zangaphandle zingatshintsha kakhulu imeko kwi-shishini lonke. Ngokuqhelekileyo, utshintsho olupheleleyo kumfanekiso luchukunyiswa yimibutho yehlabathi okanye yezopolitiko zengqesho, xa abaninzi abantu bebhenela kwiinkqubo zeendaba ukuze baxhomekeke kwimiba, oko kutheni ukulinganisa kwezi nkqubo kukhula kakhulu.

Imeko efanayo ibonakala kwiimeko ezimbi kakhulu zemozulu kunye nezendalo: iminyaka emininzi edlulileyo, inyikima enamandla ene-5.8 elandelwayo, ilandelwa yindwangu i-Irene, eyaphazamisa izithuthi kunye nezothutho zoluntu. Ngeli xesha, iingxelo zemozulu ziphindwe kathathu ukulinganiselwa kwemozulu, kwaye kwezinye iindawo, ezona zonakalisa umonakalo omkhulu, lo mfanekiso wawunaphezulu.

Ngaloo ndlela, nayiphi na ukungazinzi kwehlabathi langaphandle kungakhokelela ekubeni utshintsho olunzulu kwinkqubo yokulinganisela. Umsebenzi wabacwangcisi bamaphephandaba abaneemfuno kunye nabasebenzi beTV bazakwenza ngokukhawuleza ukutshintsha ngokukhawuleza, utshintsho lwezinto kunye nokulungelelanisa ukusasazwa kwimibuzo ephuthumayo.