Ukuhlela ubuchule njengoko zinjalo

Ukuhlela lilungiselelo izinto ngendlela ethile, umzekelo, ngokokhokho okanye kwehle. Ngokubanzi, i-odolwa lweziqalelo - ukuphululwa data eqhelekileyo ukuba lula uphendlo ngakumbi ulwazi oluyimfuneko. Oku kubangelwa kunxulumene ezahlukeneyo iinkqubo zolawulo ledatha. ubuchule Ukuhlela akhona amanani amakhulu ngeli ixesha, nangona bathe iimpawu ezifanayo (izigaba): thelekisa lobeko lwe izinto ngezibini okoko nje kulandelelwano abayi odwa.

ubuchule Ukuhlela kungenziwa ihlelwa bangaphakathi kunye nabangaphandle. I yangaphambili luphawulwa yokuba zonke lweziqalelo zinokulungiswa ngayo zibekwe kwinkumbulo kwaye afumane yofikelelo oluzenzekelayo namnye kubo. Le yokugqibela ingasebenza data zibekwe kwimemori bangaphandle (ifayile). Ukufikelela izinto ezinjalo kufuneka iphunyezwe ngokulandelelana.

Izinto uhlobo ekhethekileyo xa isakhiwo uluhlu-liyajikeleza. into nganye loo mntu unayo inombolo yesiriyeli, kunye nedilesi yakhe kweli element uluhlu lwenzeka kwi index. ukuhlela ubuchule kulo mzekelo zezona elula kakhulu kwaye tye ukuyisebenzisa.

Cinga nje indlela ukuhlela algorithm ehla bubble lwangaphakathi kunye version yayo eziphuculweyo, ukusebenzisa eyahlukileyo ixesha yokuhluza. Hlela zamazwi eneneni amagama amaninzi. Libizwa ngokuba yomgama lokhetho indlela okanye ubize ukhetho yokuhlela. Kodwa ke, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ayikho isihloko. Kutheni sinomoya? Xa emanzini, kwiqamza umoya izakuvelisa phezulu, njengoko kulula. Umzekelo, ukuba uhlelahlele enyukela phezulu kuya kuba mncinane izinto.

Khawucinge nje ngobuwena lokuqala ubeko algorithm kwiqamza yi ziyakhele uluhlu. Yomlomo algorithm uluhlu yokuhlela, ukuba mas isazisi nezenziwe N elements, ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Xhobani indawo ye element yokuqala (mas [1]) i element inkulu ziyakhele uluhlu. Ukuze wenze oku, siya ukuyithelekisa yona zonke izinto ezishiyekileyo (mas [2], mas [3] ... mas [N]). Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba naziphi na ezinye izinto mkhulu mas [1], kufuneka yokutshintshana kubo (ngokusebenzisa BUF eyongezelelweyo variable).

2. Xa kokuyeka ukusuka ingqalelo mas element [1] yaye phinda inyathelo 1 ukuya mas element [2].

3. La manyathelo ziphindwa beengxenye zonke ngaphandle kwaba kwabokugqibela.

Ukuphunyezwa algorithm kwiqamza uhlobo Pascal isinxulumanisi senkqubo:

Malunga yesibini ukhetho (indlela elichubekileyo kwiqamza) kwenu ukuthi eli algorithm quicksort. Ngoko ke, xa uzama ukusebenzisa yona ukuyisombulula le uluhlu sele zinokulungiswa ngayo, i algorithm akugqiba umsebenzi wayo emva kokuba yokupasa yokuqala izinto uluhlu. Oku kuthetha ukuba asiyi akhoyo inkqubo kunye nexesha computing kwimiba uthelekiso ngamampunge.

Nantsi ukuphunyezwa yokuhlela yotsalo ulwimi Pascal lokuprograma:

Ngoko, ukuhlela algorithms ziyindlela yokulungiselela ukulandelana data. Xa ukhetha algorithm ethile kufuneka athathe ingqalelo iindleko ngokwemimiselo kwezibonelelo ixesha kunye nenkqubo.