Ukukhubazeka - a ... Ukusekwa yokukhubazeka, uluhlu izifo. kwimeko yesiqhelo kwabantu abakhubazekileyo

Ngenxa zokwahluka ezinzulu kubume bentlalo, xa umntu Khubaza ufumana iwonga "ayisebenzi". Ukukhubazeka - isimo umntu abakhubazeke ngengqondo, ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokwasengqondweni, apho kukho imiqobo umsebenzi onemveliso. Le status lusekiwe amaziko ezikhethekileyo axilongwe kunye nezentlalo. Xa kuqwalaselwa iqondo ukuphazamiseka zempilo yokukhubazeka kubantu abakhubazekileyo babelwa ezithile amaqela yokukhubazeka benefits apho kuwe efakiweyo umthetho Russian Federation.

Inkqubo kubunjwa

Kuphantsi kweziphi izizathu apho umntu engekho mpilweni unakho ukufumana ukhubazekile? ERashiya, le "ubuso ekunene ukuqondwa lokukhubazeka", evunywe yi-RF kaRhulumente ngo-2006. Ukuba ibe isicwangciso eqhelekileyo ukuba ukujonga imeko. iziko Medical apho isigulane zivavanywayo, okanye ukhuseleko loluntu abasemagunyeni kubonisa indlela Bureau of Medical kunye Ubungcali Social. Iimeko ukuze kugqitywe ukuba ukukhubazeka zezi:

1. kwekhono abasisigxina emzimbeni, nto leyo kubangelwa sisifo, ukuphatheka.
2. umsebenzi kobudala ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokungaphelelanga.
3. Imfuneko ukhuseleko loluntu.

Ngokutsho neziphumo zeemviwo ekwinqanaba isigwebo nokukhutshwa. Kuxhomekeka ukukhubazeka isifo yahlulwe ngamaqela. Okokuqala sabelwa kweminyaka emi-2, le yesibini neyesithathu - unyaka omnye. iqela 'umntwana disabled "umiselwe ukuya kwiminyaka engama-18. Ukuseka lokukhubazeka ngokungenammiselo kunokwenzeka hayi emva kweminyaka emibini emva kokuba nokuzimisela ubume lokuqala kwiimeko zezifo, ukuphazamiseka amalungu, yomonakalo andibhaqwa. Kwakhona ngokusisigxina usayino uhlobo, wena awukwazi kweminyaka emva kwe emine emva abapasa iimviwo kwiimeko apho yaqinisekisa akunakwenzeka ukuphelisa iingxaki zempilo, nangona la manyathelo kwimeko yesiqhelo. Lokubhena kwisigqibo lobungcali lwezonyango kunye nezentlalo inokuba inyanga emva kokuba isigwebo. Isicelo uphengululo ityala senziwa kwi-ofisi apho kwabonwa.

Iqela lokuqala kwizithintelo zempilo

Kolu didi lokukhubazeka - libekwe ngamandla ukusilela ekuhlaleni, apho umntu udinga uncedo. Indlela emisiweyo ngoweqela lokuqala zezi:

1. ukuxhomekeka Gqibezela kwezinye abantu self-unakekelo ukuhamba.

2. Ukudideka.

3. Ukungaphumeleli ukunxibelelana.

4. ukuziphatha ongalawulekiyo.

Udidi yahlulwe sub-Amaqela A noB lokuqala luquka abantu ngezinga eliphezulu lomonakalo yempilo, ekhokelela imfuneko esweni kunye nokhathalelo rhoqo. Olu didi lubandakanya izigulane ukushwabana kwamalungu amabini okanye nangaphezulu, isifo sentliziyo, isifo sephepha kakhulu nangezilonda abuhlungu kunye nabanye.

Kwama B ibandakanya abantu ukuxhomekeka elibonakalayo kwabanye kunye nokungakwazi buso ukwenza ezinye izinto of self-nkonzo. Udidi emiselwe izifo ezifana anophthalmos amabini, kwizikhondo bobabini kweqondo asezantsi, onokukhubazeka, aphasia iyonke, sezintso ukusilela grade-4 kunye nabanye.

Iqela lesibini kwizithintelo zempilo

Iimpawu eziphambili yelo sigaba zezi:

1. Ukukwazi self-nkonzo kunye nokuhamba kusetyenziswa iindlela abancedisayo.

2. Ukukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi abasebenzi kwiimeko wadala ngokukhethekileyo kwi hlomela emsebenzini, kunye nokusetyenziswa aids.

3. Ukukwazi ukufunda kwizikolo ezizodwa okanye ekhaya.

4. Ngoncedo nabanye abantu baya kuba kuqhelaniswa isithuba kunye nexesha.

5. Ukukwazi ukunxibelelana besebenzisa iindlela abancedisayo.

6. Ukubanako ngokungaphelelanga okanye ngokupheleleyo ukulawula ukuziphatha.

Kulo mzekelo, abakhubazekileyo - kukukwazi ubuncinane ubuncinane nokwanela ngenxa zifo zilandelayo:

1. Le fom esebenzayo sephepha.

2. amaphaphu ngokoma.

3. Iziphumo yokugula ngengqondo elide iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi.

4. abohlukeneyo ngamalungu angaphakathi (emva kweminyaka emihlanu phantsi kweliso gqirha).

5. Ukwenzakala ukuya umnqonqo kunye ukungakwazi ukuhamba, kunye nabanye.

abantu abakhubazekileyo kolu didi ziye srednevyrazhennoe lokukhubazeka. Kaninzi okusemandleni ukunyamekela baze baphile ubomi ozimeleyo noko, kodwa imfuno yokukhusela iinkonzo zentlalo kunye nokunceda abanye. Lokukhubazeka (uluhlu lwezifo ezicatshulwe ngasentla) unika abantu ithuba lokuba ukusebenza, kodwa isibophelelo yomqeshi ukudala iimeko ezizodwa zomsebenzi. Kuba lula ukusebenza ibonelela utshintsho ezongezelelweyo ikhefu sokraschennnaya, ukuncitshiswa kwemveliso, ikhefu olongezelelweyo.

Iqela lesithathu yokukhubazeka

Oko kuthetha ukuba izinto ezibonisa ukuba ukusekwa kudidi? Kulo mzekelo, unokukhubazeka - oko imeko yabantu, apho le miqathango ilandelayo uzalisekisiwe:

1. Self-nkonzo kunye yokuhamba ngoncedo izixhobo ezikhethekileyo.
2. Ukukwazi ukufunda kunye nomsebenzi ngokuthobela kwirejimeni uqeqesho olulodwa okanye ukwenza izilungiso eziyimfuneko kwimisebenzi kwimveliso.
3. Ukukwazi eJolise isithuba kunye nexesha kusetyenziswa iindlela abancedisayo.
4. Ukukwazi ukunxibelelana, apho kubekho isantya ukufunyanwa kunye nokusasazwa kolwazi, ukuncitshiswa yobungakanani nokwenziwa.

Eli qela eyabelwe abantu, phantse elizimeleyo ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo akuyiphazamisi emsebenzini kunye nokufunda abakhubazekileyo. Uluhlu izifo:

- amathambo enamandla unesiphako yokakayi;

- joint lobuxoki emagxeni okanye yengalo;

- ukungabikho kwezinye leminwe esandleni;

- esiko hip, unyawo, shin;

- dislocation kasikrobana edibeneyo ukungakwazi eminye imisebenzi;

- zokufota weqondo wesithathu;

- engekho emiphungeni mnye, zezintso;

- extirpation esiswini kunye nabanye.

Iqela lesithathu iyasebenza yaye ayithi simele njengozalayo. Ukuncitshiswa iiyure zomsebenzi ungekho, kuba umiselwe ukuya ngeveki iyure-40.

abantwana yokukhubazeka

Umntwana ongaphantsi 18 kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba "abantwana abaneziphene", ukuba ukuphazamiseka ebalulekileyo ebomini. Lucebisa nokusekwa ubume esibhedlele kuba inqanaba eyahlukileyo. Le isiphakamiso ibhalwe kwimbali ekukhuleni komntwana nezonyango ikhadi ambulatory. Amaxwebhu zithunyelwa ukuya esibhedlele, apho ikomiti lonyango-yeengcebiso utsalela kwisigqibo kuyimfuneko in duplicate.

Kwiimeko apho amaqela sele eneminyaka eli-18, banikwe ubume "ayisebenzi", kwaye ngexesha elinye kufunyaniswe ukuba kophulwa lezempilo baqalisa ebudaleni, loo mntu ofumana udidi "disabled ukususela ebuntwaneni." Emva kwesi sigaba isigulane ijongene re-yoviwo, emva kokuba kukhutshwe isiqinisekiso apho status kubhaliweyo. Ukuba isibheno ubuchule zonyango nezentlalo Ndiyaqala, ngexesha amaxwebhu yokuqinisekisa isifundo kwi imeko ngamnye ukusuka ekuzalweni ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eli-18. Simele sikhumbule ukuba kukho iqela ezimbi apho umntu kwanele ukuya kunikezela amaxwebhu malunga uxilongo, kwakunye nesatifikethi zoviwo yiKomishoni ingcali. izifo ezifana ziquka iingxaki ukusuka nepoliyo, Ukuncitshiswa azalwa ngayo imilenze, ukukhubazeka engqondweni kunye nabanye. Isimo womntwana okhubazekileyo unikwa, kungajongwanga budala namava omsebenzi.

Abantwana kunye neengxaki zempilo

yokukhubazeka komntwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ilungelo ukuba inani nenzuzo:

1. Kwithuba spring-ekwindla 50% isaphulelo on umdla kaloliwe, ibhasi ngamazwe kunye nkampani.
2. Ukuhamba kuzo zonke iintlobo zezithuthi zikawonke simahla.
3. zokuhamba Free kwisiza onyango bhasi ipoma yaye amabanga.
4. Kanye uhambo nonyaka kuloo ndawo unyango ngokuncama kwemali karhulumente.
5. Ukubonelela izindlu ngaphandle ubuye kungekho abazali okanye abagcini babafundi.
6. Iintsapho kunye umntwana okhubazekileyo ukufumana isaphulelo kwi ubuncinane i-50% kwi yezinkonzo.

Kuba iintsapho umntwana okhubazekileyo, wasinika inani amalungelo. Ezizezi - yomhlalaphantsi unina Early kaThixo, amanye veki yeentsuku ezine, imbuyekezo yenyanga ukuba lwabantwana abakhubazekileyo. Xa umntwana efikelela kwi 18 leminyaka yobudala, uyonwaba iingenelo ilaliswe phantsi enye amaqela amathathu yokukhubazeka.

pension accrual womntwana okhubazekileyo

Ngo-2015, kulindeleke ukuba ukwandisa nkam yokukhubazeka kunye neenzuzo zentlalo. Ngoko ke, abantwana abakhubazekileyo iya kuba engange 1035, nto leyo eya kukhokelela intlawulo wenyanga uwonke 11,411.86 engange. ikhubaziwe ukususela ebuntwaneni, ngaphandle nje ixesha aqokelelwe banelungelo lokufumana umhlala lwentlalo. Abazali babantwana abakhubazekileyo kubonelelwe umhlalaphantsi lingekafiki ixesha ukwenza yezikhundla engama-15, unina, uyise - 20. guardians abakhulisa umntwana ukuya kwiminyaka esibhozo, ngokubonelela kukho ukuhla kweminyaka yobudala yomhlala-phantsi ngonyaka omnye yonke iminyaka emithandathu ngabalondolozi, kodwa hayi kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-5. Lo mthetho iqulethe ilungiselelo ukuze kubandakanywe ngamaxesha unonophelo abantwana abakhubazekileyo, okanye olungasebenziyo lwe iqela lokuqala le-inshorensi kunye ubude iyonke wenkonzo.

ukukhubazeka. iinzuzo

norms amalungelo Housing ukulungiselela le nkqubo ukuba ubonelelo ngezindlu, imilinganiso yalo, kwakunye nenzuzo ukuhlawula iintlawulo eluncedo kolu didi. Ngokuba izindlu ngaphandle Bona angafaka ibango abemi, kunye zifo ezilandelayo: isifo sephepha esebenzayo, nangezilonda amabi, kunye netuwa intabalala, sokuwa, babe kweqondo, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye exacerbations kakhulu, fistulas amathumbu kunye wokuchama kunye nabanye. Abantu abakhubazekileyo banelungelo kwigumbi elahlukileyo kuthathelwa ingqalelo xa bebhalisela kukuphuculwa kweemeko zokuphila. Kwakhona, ngokuba umntu usekhona indawo kuhlala nabo kumakhaya izindlu, kwimeko yezakhiwo kwiziko zokuhlala.

Ukukhubazeka eRashiya exhaswa eziliqela benefits. Umzekelo, amalungelo zilandelayo iqela lokuqala:

1. Zabasebenzi pension zentlalo.
2. Free isibonelelo samayeza kwi kagqirha.
3. Unyango sanatoriums ngendleko karhulumente.
4. Intlawulo okanye imbuyekezo kweendleko-moya okanye uloliwe amatikiti.
5. Abahamba ngezithuthi ilizwe ngeendleko zikarhulumente.
6. Ngezaphulelo eziluncedo, ngomnxeba, umbane.
7. Ukuphandwa ngokufumaneka isithuba ephilileyo ezongezelelweyo ngabantu kunye neemeko zonyango ezithile ezingenelela ukuhlala nabanye abantu.
8. Ukuba umntu abakhubazekileyo kufuneka inike zitho kunye nezihlangu wamathambo, le nkonzo ifumaneka simahla.
9. Ukhuphiswano yokwamkelwa kwizikolo yezandla.
10. Inika-ntle, kunye nabanye.

Kuba udidi lwesibini kuluhlu inzuzo yokukhubazeka iquka inani lotshintsho. Ngokomzekelo, ukusekwa iveki yokusebenza kuyehla umvuzo ngokupheleleyo. Ukumisela iinzuzo kwiqela lesithathu ijikwa ngomthi inani kujonge izinto. Inxalenye yale didi abemi unelungelo lokusebenzisa enye uhlobo izibonelelo (ezifana unyango Spa free), enye - into enye (travel simahla zezithuthi zikawonke). Uluhlu lilonke izibonelelo iqela abakhubazekileyo wesithathu ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Abakhubazekileyo ukususela ebuntwaneni ayichatshazelwa irhafu kwipropati, imali yokubhalisa abantu abaye babonisa umnqweno ukuba neshishini.
2. exemption Irhafu kwi kuthengwe isithuthi, apho naphaya ngokukodwa ukusetyenziswa ngabantu abakhubazekileyo.
3. Isaphulelo kwi ukuthengwa namayeza amiselwe ngugqirha likagqirha (ukuba umntu iqatshelwa abangasebenziyo).
4. Ukunika ikhefu mathathu nekhefu elongezelelweyo ngaphandle kwentlawulo.
5. Ngezaphulelo iintlawulo eluncedo kunye nabanye.

Abantu abaninzi abakhubazekileyo bathembele iinkonzo zentlalo ekhaya-based. Umzekelo, ukuthenga amayeza, impahla, iimveliso, ukucocwa zokuhlala. Uluhlu ukukhubazeka kwenza kube lula ukuba ayichaze iinzuzo kunye neenkonzo athembele ebantwini.

phantsi

Onke amaqela amathathu ukukhubazeka wabeka banelungelo lokufumana umhlala-phantsi, kungakhathaliseki ezibangela le meko, ixesha i-inshorensi, ubukho umsebenzi.

Zeziphi nemiqathango yokufumana ipension abakhubazekileyo? Okokuqala, kuba kokwabo kudidi kwabasebenzi zomkhosi, amagqala emfazwe, cosmonauts, abemi abafumana abonzakele odalwe ziintlekele zobugcisa radiology. Okwesibini, ukusekwa yokukhubazeka federal amaziko karhulumente zoviwo zonyango nezentlalo. Okwesithathu, ixesha ingabonisa yokwenzakala okanye isifo. Umzekelo, ukuba inkamnkam zomkhosi sithembele ukuba waphula zempilo yenzekile ngexesha ekhonza. Kuba abantu abaye bachaphazeleka ziintlekele, kuyimfuneko ekubaleni imali nenkcazo yokukhubazeka.

iqela Pension sokukhubazeka iindidi eziliqela. Uhlobo lokuqala - yomhlala phantsi. Oku eyabelwe olungasebenziyo naliphi iqela ukuba ngaba ubude ubuncinane inkonzo emsebenzini (omnye ngosuku kungaba). Imeko ephambili kukuhlawulwa iipremiyamu yenkampani. Uhlobo lwesibini - le yomhlalaphantsi karhulumente. Ku yabelwa nxaxheba iMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, emkhosini, abantu, abo bachatshazelwe yi-radiation okanye iintlekele ezenziwe ngabantu. pension Social - kodwa uhlobo lesithathu pension, siniqononondisa umntu okhubazekileyo, kungakhathaliseki wokuba ngubani omkhulu. Ngokutsho komthetho pension, ukuba ngummi unesizathu ukufumana iintlobo ezimbini ipension, uya kuhlawulwa lowo kukhulu. Isabelo ngaxeshanye iintlobo bentlawulo kufuneka abantu abafanelekileyo abaye bafumana ukwenzakala kungquzulwano ngezixhobo, kunye nezinye iindidi.

Ukuba nokwenzeka uncedo eRashiya

Kwilizwe lethu, ezilungiselelwe inkxaso ebanzi zabantu abakhubazekileyo. Le isimo ikuvumela ukuba ukufumana iinzuzo, ichiza ngurhulumente, indlela yobugcisa ukubuyisela, izaphulelo zokuhamba kunye nezindlu, iihambo ukuya iiholide. Rehabilitation Khubaza ithetha iseti yeMilinganiselo yeNtsebenzo yezentlalo kunye zolonwabo.

Ukususela ngowe-1999, eli lizwe libe "Russian Union lwaBantu abaKhubazekileyo", nto leyo acwangcise zesisa ezahlukeneyo, iziganeko zoluntu. Umbutho "Ethile" lizimisele ukunika inkxaso ngokupheleleyo ukuzimela kwabantu abakhubazekileyo nokuphucula ubomi babo. Kwizixeko ezininzi eRashiya kukho uthungelwano iinkampani "Independent Living", nayo leyo ukusombulula iingxaki abemi abakhubazekileyo. Ezinye iinkampani zabucala zibonelela ngenkxaso kubantu abakhubazekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, inkampani "megaphone" kukho uluhlu lwamaxabiso "Qhagamshelana" abantu abangeva kakuhle. Kakade ke, ilizwe lethu zimbi kule ndawo, kodwa thina ngendlela eya ekudaleni imeko umqobo-free kwisixeko ngasinye, kunye nohlaziyo abantu abakhubazekileyo baya kuba omnye wemisebenzi engundoqo karhulumente.