Ukumakisha - i uhlobo nokukhuselwa kwamalungelo neminqweno yabantwana abancinane eshiywe ngaphandle ukulondolozwa ngabazali, abadala kunye nabakhubazekileyo

Ukumakisha - nto kakhulu yinkqubo obalulekileyo umdla abaninzi. Ingakumbi abo baza ukuthatha kusapho ikhaya labantwana umntwana. Okanye ngubani na izihlobo ukubayinxalenye kudidi lwabantu abadala. Nabagcini babantwana babe amalungelo awodwa kunye noxanduva eRashiya. Ngaphezu koko, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukuze ube ngumgcini womfundi, kufuneka ulandele imigaqo ethile kunye nokuthobela iimfuno. Ngoko into ekufuneka le? Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi nabondli elizayo?

definition

Okokuqala, kancinci yintoni ngokwenene yinkqubo phantsi isifundo. Ukumakisha - abantwana abancinci isixhobo, ababesele ngaphandle kwabazali. Njengomthetho jikelele, usebenza abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-14 ubudala. Le ezisencinci isixhobo kwenzeka entsatsheni. De kube oku kuyenzeka, umntwana inoxanduva igunya elifanelekileyo.

Ukongeza, elugcinweni - zenjenjalo izixhobo abadala, kunye nabantu abakhubazekileyo abafuna inkathalo. Ifom bokuhlala nokukhuselwa kwamalungelo kunye nomdla abemi akakwazi okanye ngokungaphelelanga ofanelekileyo.

Kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba nokulindwa yahlukile yamkelwe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le nkqubo lwenzeka ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Kusekho ezinye iimpawu ezithi ukuyazi. Eneneni ilungelo - luhlobo eliqhelekileyo yokhathalelo lezakhiwo abaye yinkundla efanelekileyo engenakukwazi ngokusemthethweni.

Ingakumbi abantwana

Yintoni ofanele asinikeli ngqalelo? Lidla unonophelo ngokusesikweni wenziwa hayi kwi abadala kunye nabantwana. Ngoko ke, le nkqubo kufuneka anikwe ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo.

Ngoko ke, umahluko yokuqala wokwamkelwa - kukuba umntwana kule meko kunye iinkcukacha zabo zobuqu. Okt ifani, igama kunye patronymic abazitshintshi. Plus, abazali (abameli kwezomthetho ngaphambili) azikhutshwa luxanduva isencinci. Guardian yenza nje umsebenzi ngummi, ngubani onoxanduva lokukhathalela, uqeqesho kunye nemfundo umntwana.

Ingongoma yesibini: ungumgcini umntu onyulwe. Amaninzi nokuqashwa - uhlobo kwamalungiselelo yamkelwe. Guardian yesibonelelo yenyanga ihlawulwe imilinganiso ezisemthethweni ezinomthamo engephi.

Le caveat sesithathu - neemfuneko ikamva ummeli osemthethweni bomntwana. Ngu umgcini babeka phambili kungekhona kakhulu njengento ngumzali. Kwaye oko akuthandayo. Umzekelo, ngokubhekiselele kwizindlu.

izithintelo Guardian

Kufuneka kwakhona kukhunjulwa ukuba ukugada - akukho nto ukumelwa ngokwasemthethweni ngokupheleleyo lomntu. Umzekelo, umntwana. Nabalondolozi Russia banamalungelo ezikhethekileyo, kodwa kulinganiselwe izenzo zabo.

Njani na? Yintoni anokuyenza umntu yaqaphela umlondolozi? Phezu kwayo le milinganiselo ilandelayo iyasebenza:

1. Ukulahla nayiphi na impahla zewadi umgcini akanalo ilungelo. Oku kunokwenzeka kuphela ngemvume nokuqashwa.
2. Awukwazi ukwenza nayiphi na intlawulo ezinciphisa kakuhle-ntle yewadi, kwaye zijolise lunyhasho iimfanelo zakhe.
3. Imali kunye izibambiso ezivela kangcono, uyakwazi ukuchitha. Kodwa ke, kwakhona, kunye ngemvume nokuqashwa. Ngokokubona kwayo, kuba esalelweyo.
4. intengiselwano ezingavumelekanga apho Ezecala lesibini - kwiwadi. Oko kunjalo phezu kwabo ngokusemthethweni ukugada.

Ukuba izithintelo ezinjalo ebekelwa abalondolozi mihla. Akukho anemiqathango ngakumbi apho. Sinokuthi ukuba bonke abantu baya kuba umzali womntwana lowo ukunyamekela nokukhulisa, kwakunye noqeqesho minor.

Ukupheliswa ukugada

Maxa wambi, kukho amaxesha ezimbaxa, ukupheliswa nokulindwa umntu. Ngokomzekelo, abantwana. Le meko idla kwenzeka. Ngoko ke, kufuneka uyeke ingqalelo yayo.

Apho nokuqashwa meko sinqunyanyisiwe? Abantwana ufikelele kwiminyaka yobudala eli-14 azisekho kangcono. Ba, njengokuba kuthiwe, uhlobo zixhobo akafanelanga intsapho. Emva kweminyaka eli-14 ka-ntle umntwana ngokuzenzekelayo. Le miba eluvalelweni elide indlela ukubuyela engenakwenzeka. Kuphela xa sibona umntwana ogula ngokupheleleyo. Ngokomzekelo, abantu abagula ngengqondo.

Yaye kuthekani ukuba sithetha ngabantu abadala? Kulo mzekelo, njengoko umthetho, ukugada akayeki konke konke. Kukho iinketho-3 kuphela phantsi apho esi siganeko kunokwenzeka. ezizezi:

• ukufa kwiwadi;
• yomgwebo;
• Ukungaphumeleli ukwenza imisebenzi yabo umgcini (okanye uncedo ngokungafanelekanga).

Amaninzi nazo xa kusenziwa ukhetho lokuqala. Ngabalondolozi abadala, njengoko umthetho, unika amalungelo athile kubemi. Yaye uninzi lwabo anomdla.

Ngubani na ukuba umgcini

Eyona nto kukuba asingawo wonke umntu abagcini babafundi. Ezi zibekwa phambili, njengokuba kuthiwe, iimfuno ezithile. Hayi nzima kakhulu, kodwa ke kuya kufuneka ukuba ukuthobela isiseko mandatory.

Ngokuqhelekileyo ezisithele abanonopheli yomkhaya ewadini. Umzekelo, u-anti umntwana okanye uyisekazi. Okanye nomkhulu. Xa kufikwa abadala, elugcinweni kubo ukwenza ngaphandle, okanye abantwana, okanye abazukulwana, okanye abazukulwana ezinkulu. Le meko ixhaphakileyo.

Noko ke, ukugada (definition sele inikwe ngaphambili) ingakhutshwa nguye nawuphi na umntu ofanelekileyo omdala. Yena kufuneka akwazi ukugcina iwadi.

Abantu abo, ndayihluthwa amalungelo lobuzali, njengoko iiTrasti ukuba akakwazi. Kwakunye umntu irekhodi solwaphulo infliction ngabom ndingonakalisanga ubomi kunye nempilo yabemi. Akunjalo abadala okanye abantwana.

imisebenzi

Lokugcina minor - yimbopheleleko enkulu. Kunjalo abantu abadala. Abameli Abasemthethweni ayingomalungelo kuphela kodwa uxanduva. Yiphi na?

Yintoni unengelosi? Zeziphi imisebenzi lenza? Enyanisweni, kuba bona sele ikhankanyiwe. Kungakhathaliseki ubudala wewadi, imisebenzi balandelayo ebekwe kwi-trustee:

• ukuba ukunakekelwa kwabantu;
• ukuqinisekisa unyango olufanelekileyo;
• software Education (zisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo abantwana);
• ekukhuseleni umdla ogula;
• yonke imixholo zeewadi.

Kwakhona apha kunganxulunyaniswa uxanduva, kuze kubekho okulungele yipropathi ummi, nto leyo ihlanganiswe kwi ukugada. ngaxeshanye, njengokuba kuthiwe ke, ngaphandle ukunciphisa ntu. Umzekelo, ngokuqesha impahla.

Xa umntwana emiselweyo

I Bhodi ye Trasti (elinye igama eluvalelweni) inokuthi, kwezinye iimeko, nokuzeyisa ityumbe umlondolozi womntwana. Kodwa xa kuyimfuneko? Kwezinye iimeko, umntwana kuthathwa eluvalelweni?

Okwangoku, kukho meko ezimbalwa. Phakathi ezingunobangela eqhelekileyo woyekelelo;

• ukufa kwabazali;
• isithintelo okanye epheleleyo ukuhluthwa amalungelo komzali ngabameli zomthetho;
• ukungakwazi abazali ukugcina ngenxa kokugula ixesha elide umntwana;
• ukungabikho elide abameli kwezomthetho;
• xa abazali (bemvelo) ibe yingozi yabantwana;
• ukuba abameli esemthethweni umntwana yi-16 leminyaka ubudala.

amalungelo abantwana

Kubalulekile Yintoni na ukuba azi? Eyona nto kukuba abo baphantsi ulolongo, sanikwa amalungelo athile. Ngokufuthi, njengokuba kuthiwe, sithetha ngayo abantwana. Ngako oko ke kucetyiswa ukuba ukuqonda umzekelo wabo ukuba oko namalungelo. Ezinye abemi, njengoko umgaqo (ngaphandle kokuba kufunyaniswe ukuba ayanelanga), amathuba afanayo.

Abantwana yabakho elugcinweni, kuba la malungelo alandelayo:

• ukuba baphile kwi umgcini usapho okanye umgcini;
• ukuhlonipha, zikhulise, kunye nenkathalo ngummeli eyenzelwe oko;
• ukunxibelelana nezalamane kunye nabazali;
• baveze izimvo zabo kwimibandela echaphazela iimfuno bewadi.

Kuba bonke abemi ngelixa ubunini yokugcina ye propati. Kodwa alahle ngazo kungaba ummeli wezomthetho ummi kuphela, phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Kwaye ke kuphela, xa uya ibhodi kakuhle trustees.

Ukuba akukho yokufihla kwiwadi kwi propati (izabelo kwakhona kuthathelwa ingqalelo), ngoko ke umntu uya kuba nelungelo lezindlu. Kwimeko yabantwana - emva kokuba abe mdala. Ngelo xesha linye ungumgcini nawaphi na amalungelo ezinikwa propati.

imithetho design

Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukukhumbula indlela inkqubo ithatha yobhaliso indawo ngummi njengomlondolozi. Enyanisweni, kunzima kakhulu ukwenza nto. Ingakumbi xa sithetha xa sinawo kogcino abadala, ogula.

Into yokuqala ummi ofuna ukuba kwamkhapheli, kufuneka uqokelele uluhlu ethile lwamaxwebhu. Malunga kamva kancinane. Xa iphakheji ilungele, ukulungele ukuthatha inyathelo.

Kufuneka ubhale ifomu yesicelo, uyithabathe amaxwebhu athile kwi imizimba of trusteeship nokugada. Kwiintsuku ezisi-7 anyulwe iKhomishoni, nto leyo eya khangela ukuthotyelwa kunye nobuncinane beemfuneko yokuhlala zewadi lwezindlu. Ukuba akukho zikhalazo apho, nokulindwa yenza isigqibo esifanelekileyo nokuzoba eluvalelweni.

Ngokufanayo, uhlelo kwimeko apho umgcini yabelwe lo olungasebenziyo. Okanye umntwana. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe iphakheji kungeniswa amaxwebhu igunya guardianship.

imiqulu

Ukumakisha - inkqubo ofuna ukuza iimbopheleleko. Xa isicelo ifomu kufuneka isicelo, njengokuba kuthiwe, amaxwebhu ezithile.

Ukuba sibaphatha? Kufuneka eze:

• yesazisi mvume yomenzi-sicelo;
• ingxelo imivuzo yonyaka;
• Ekugqibeleni, evela kugqirha malunga nempilo yomgcini elizayo;
• isiqinisekiso somtshato / komtshato (ukuba ikhona);
• imvume onke amalungu entsapho ohlala kunye nabo yewadi (ukuba umntu ophila ibe umgcini);
• Philaretus.

Ngamana isebe ukucela naziphi na iingxelo ukuba uqinisekisa kakuhle-ntle ngummi. Oku ke kuqhelekile. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le ipakethi kwanele nokulindwa ezinikezelwa nasiphi na isigqibo.