Ukunyikima Large eRussia. manani komhlaba Russia

Iinyikima e Russia - isenzeko yinto eqhelekileyo. Kakade ke, ngokuba ngabahlali izixeko kunye central band umbono kunokuba ezingaqhelekanga, kodwa kwezinye iindawo, umzi zinginginya iziganeko zonyaka ezinceda abantu ukuba baphendule ngokufanelekileyo xa kuthe nozipho enjalo. Umzekelo, baseTuva, inyikima zezulu 3.2 lamanqaku ekupheleni kuka-2011, ukuya imini umsebenzi langoku yenyikima kummandla iyaqhubeka. Abahlali baqhelene ukhuseleko kwaye bazi kakuhle ukuba baziphathe ngayo kwezi meko, kodwa oko akuthethi kunciphisa uxinezeleko rhoqo, nto leyo lifumana labemi, esoyikela ubomi babo kunye nokhuseleko nabo babathandayo.

Yintoni inyikima

Xa sithetha ngolwimi olulula, oko kukuthi ukuhla kwi ngaphantsi komhlaba, nto leyo kakhulu kubangelwa amandla endalo endalo. Asiyi kuqwalasela zizinto enziweyo ezifana udubulo ezinkulu kunye nezinye iinkqubo zobugcisa.

Ngu inyikima yayo umonakalo babe ngabantu abakwizihlalo phambili. Kwimbali yabantu, kukho imizekelo emininzi imikhosi etshabalalisayo endalo. Iibhiliyoni lamaxhoba ehlabathini, kunye neziphumo, kuphazamise ngokupheleleyo yonke izibonelelo izixeko yonke namazwe. Yenyikima kummandla Russia ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kwiindawo yeentaba, apho kudibana ziitectonic plates. Neenkokheli nokubeka amaxhoba entlekele ezinjalo, Kakade ke, ziyakwazi ukuchongeka ena, zeAltai, Caucasus naseMpuma eSiberia. Kakade ke, lo na ke uluhlu olupheleleyo kwiindawo baboniswa Barr. Kweminye imizi, kukho ziintshukumo zenyikima kumaxesha ngamaxesha, kodwa abahlali la ezingabonakaliyo.

Le nombindi wenyikima kucingwa ukuba ngaphantsi komhlaba zibekwe kufutshane nombindi kwizimanga zendalo.

iintlobo komhlaba

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iingcali iintlobo ezintathu iinyikima:

1. I-mlilo - mlilo.
2. ukunyikima ezingezizo - udubulo enamandla, esizakukhokelela ngamaqela amacwecwe komhlaba.
3. Nesizivelele - UJohn, leyo zibangelwa kwiinkqubo zobomi bomntu.

Njengoko kulinganiswa yinyikima

Barr kulinganiswa isixhobo okhethekileyo - seismograph, leyo kunye ngqo kakhulu kulinganisa nje amandla iinyikima zomhlaba, kodwa qikelela ukuba abanamandla bayakukudumisa ukubana zomhlaba amacwecwe.

Kukho isikali eqhelekileyo ngamazwe, equka izinto 12:

- 1 inqaku. Phantse ukunyikima imperceptible njengoko iingcangcazela ke ubuncinane ukungavakali.

- amanqaku ama-2. phenomenon kunokuba buthathaka na obungqingqwa, ukuba nje sonwabile. bambalwa kakhulu abantu bayakwazi ukuziva ngalo.

- amanqaku 3. ukunyikima buthathaka babonakaliswe ukuhla ezibonakalayo ngakumbi kwabanye.

- amanqaku 4. Moderate simanga lubonakale kumntu wonke.

- 5 amanqaku. Ngokufanelekileyo ukunyikima komhlaba, ukumqumbisa intshukumo bezinto gumbi.

- 6 (strong). Ukusuka a izakhiwo kakuhle strong umothuko wamva umonakalo kancinane nga za.

- amanqaku 7. Inyikima kakhulu, evelisa intshabalalo eyomeleleyo lwezakhiwo.

- amanqaku 8. phenomenon etshabalalisayo ukuba unako ukutshabalalisa nkqu uyilo zinamandla.

- amanqaku 9. Inyikima umonakalo. Ezintabeni kukho kuwa eyomeleleyo, yaye abantu kwiindawo ezisezidolophini abakwazi ukuhlala ezinyaweni zakhe.

- 10 amanqaku. Yokonakalisa inyikima, kungakhokelela ukutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo lali, ajike abe amanxuwa yonke indlela, kuquka neendlela kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zonxibelelwano.

- amanqaku 11. Congo.

- amanqaku 12. Ingozi ezimandundu, ezenza kube nzima ukuba asinde. Ngokupheleleyo ukutshintsha kwendawo, kukho iyantlukwano, kukho misinga enkulu mlilo, kunye nangaphezulu.

Kubanga ukunyikima

ukunyikima ezinkulu eRashiya nakwamanye amazwe ehlabathi ngenxa ingozi yokuba amacwecwe lithospheric. Umzekelo, eCaucasus ikhona ipleyiti Inkolo leyo enambuzelayo ngcembe ukuya kwipleyiti ngasentla eYurophu, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, hlale lisajongene ipleyiti Pacific ibekwe ena. Ethetha kummandla ena, kwi inyikima kulo mmandla unefuthe kunye nomsebenzi mlilo ngexesha apho kukho umothuko wamva eqinile.

iimpawu iinyikima

Nakule iyonke iziganeko ezinjalo, izazinzulu bakwazi ukuchonga iimpawu eziphambili yentlekele incipient. Iinyikima e Russia ngokuqhelekileyo luqala emva kokuba izinto ezilandelayo:

1. Abahlali emizi abachatshazelwa ntlekele, uye ngokuphindaphindiweyo wabonisa ukuba ixesha elithile ngaphambi kokuba yokothuka baziva ivumba olomeleleyo kwegesi, nangona ngaphambili kummandla oku kwaphawuleka.
2. Kuye kwakhona ngokuphindaphindiweyo waphawula ukuba izilwanyana uqale ukuba siziphathe Ndigungqagungqiswa, iintaka esitratweni ukubonisa liveliness ngokugqithiseleyo.
3. Ezinye amangqina kunye namaxhoba bathi ukuba kwiiyure ezimbalwa phambi kwenyikima babebukele isusa Iingcingo zombane.

Yintoni inyikima Russia

Russia liye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ubunzima ukusuka ziintlekele zemvelo, kuquka abo abavela iinyikima kakhulu. Kubume belizwe lethu inkulu kwaye zahlukene, kwakunye imozulu. Seismically nemimandla ibekwe ikakhulu kummandla kummandla Sakhalin kunye ena.

Sakhalin

May 28, 1995 ngo Sakhalin yatshatyalaliswa kwilali Neftegorsk. On intlekele isikali labasebenzi amanqaku 7.5 kunye amanqaku 10 nombindi wenyikima. Kwisithuba seeyure ne kumphezulu womhlaba wayemane zimke Sakhalin Neftegorsk, ababalwayo ngelo xesha abemi 3.200. Emva kwentlekele, yasinda abantu abangama-400, 150 kubo kamva wafa esibhedlele ngenxa yokulimala. Le nyikima zamvanje eRashiya, eli gunya iye ngokwenene siganeko ebuhlungu nje kuphela Sakhalin, kodwa ngenxa lonke elo lizwe.

Njengoko amangqina wakhumbula kamva, ingozi yokwenene wayengekho ngexesha ukunyikima oko, emva. Amaxhoba amaninzi sangcwatywa phantsi amabhodlo emakhayeni abo ngokuthe suffocated ziintlungu olomeleleyo.

Le lali ukusinda wemka ngenxa nomsinga wazama ukuqala ubomi obutsha "emva kwenyikima." Le ntlekele yaba yomeleleyo kule minyaka ili-100 idluleyo. Kwinkulungwane yokugqibela ngo-1952 e-Sakhalin tsunami okubangelwa kukuvela kwemeko inyikima Pacific Ocean, nto leyo ophephuka emhlabeni yidolophu Severo-Kurilsk.

May 25, 2013 Sakhalin kwakhona kwabakho inyikima zobukhulu 4.

ena

Iinyikima e Russia becala kuwa phezu kummandla ena. Xa iziko yeqela mlilo Klyuchevskoy yi nameless intaba ukuphakama kuyimitha 3085. Oku kusoloko ingqalelo mlilo elide-nya, eziqale ekuseni ukuze nenyikima 1955 kwaba isimanga epheleleyo.

keys station mlilo, ibekwe neekhilomitha 45 ukusuka mlilo ezirekhodiweyo amafu enkulu umsi emhlophe. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva ukuphakama ezikhutshwayo mlilo accounted for kweekhilomitha ngaphezu kwesibhozo.

Ngenyanga ka November abemi kulo mmandla waba kusehla olomeleleyo imibane, yaye ngaphantsi komhlaba, wayifulela ngokupheleleyo umlotha. kwiintsuku ezingaphantsi kwe-29 Umgodi eyandisiweyo nangu-550. Ngelishwa, kwaba kuphela amalungiselelo intlekele zisenzeka ngoMatshi 30, 1956. iinyikima enjalo akukho ubutsha eRashiya, ngoko akukho mntu imizi ngethemba lokuba mlilo ovuka kudambe, ingakumbi emva kokuba umsebenzi wayo bawa ngasekupheleni ngoNovemba.

Ngowe-1956, uxinzelelo ngaphakathi mlilo lifikelele ingongoma ebalulekileyo. Phakathi imizuzu 15 ingxilimbela Flamestrike love enkulu, nto leyo baphikele ngasempuma phantsi engile degrees 30. Ukufikelela ubude kweekhilomitha ezili-24, umqulu umsi womlilo ontsundu ngokoqobo okuvala izulu. Km-20 ukusuka kuloo mlilo, semithi mhlawumbi neengcambu okanye itshiswe umphezulu. Wawa esuka ezulwini ububanzi zentlabathi oshushu odaka kwikhephu anyibilike ngokukhawuleza. Udaka ezinamandla, waphaphatheka, wehla, berhuqa iziqwenga zamatye kunye namatye, besaphula yonke endleleni yayo.

Izazi wenqwelwana ngokoqobo yadilizwa emhlabeni, ngethamsanqa, izazinzulu ngelo xesha bezingekho. UNjingalwazi Gorshkov wathi ukuba le flow ngqo kwelinye icala, le ndawo enabantu zitshatyalalisiwe waza weyona mizekelo mbi iinyikima eRashiya.

Ena yeyona ndawo kakhulu eyingozi ayikho ngenxa endaweni yayo inani elikhulu mlilo, kodwa ngenxa yokuba xa kuthe lentlekele, abahlali abaninzi ngokoqobo bakhonkxekile yaye singqongwe ziintaba.

yaseTuva

Ngo-2012, kufuphi Kyzyl oko kwabhalwa i yokulinganisa 3.2 amanqaku zenyikima. Le nto yaqala ngo 7:30 kusasa. Ekubeni element alubanga namandla, ukuba ayiphazamiseki.

Iinkcukacha-manani ze iinyikima eRashiya iquka isenzeko, owenzeka kummandla enye, 27 Disemba 2011, ngoxa umthamo walo amanqaku 9.5 kwi yalapho kunye 6.7 kwezinye iindawo. ziintshukumo zenyikima kwaqhubeka de ekupheleni kukaFebruwari 2012, xa kwakukho ukumangala 6.5-ubukhulu. Inzuzo yalapho yayimi kumgama ozikilometa ezingaphezu kwe-100 ukusuka zokuhlala. Noko ke, Barr zaye wavakalelwa kummandla Buryatia, ummandla Irkutsk, yaye Khakassia kunye Krasnoyarsk Krai. Earthquake Imephu eRashiya kuquka yonke imimandla ezinkulu kakhulu zibethwa ziintshukumo zenyikima, kuquka kunye Kyzyl. Ukongezelela, iingcali ziyahlaziywa data ngenyanga. Iisampulu zaye zathathwa kwi ematyeni yaye safunda ngenyameko. Ngokusekelwe kwezi zifundo mlilo nga kalukhuni, ndoxelelwa ngubani ukuchaza iindawo apho ithuba iziganeko ezinjalo.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa kwabakho inyikima Russia

Xa uphawu lokuqala yenyikima, kufuneka ngoko nangoko waphuma. Ukuba uyothuka zenzeka qho kwimizuzwana 15-20, zama ukuhamba kwi amathuba xa Abokuhlunguzelelwa lifinyele.

Ukuba uhlala wesakhiwo, awunakusebenzisa ilifti, njengoko kukho i-risk yokuba unxibelelwano esele badlwengulwe. Ngoko ke kungcono ukuhlala kude kude nekhabhathi kunye iifestile eme emnyango, de uyakwazi ukushiya indlu.

Ukuba ngexesha yenyikima, ungaphandle, zama ukuhlala kude kude kwizakhiwo, iibhodi kunye nemithi. ukunyikima ezinkulu eRashiya adla kutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo isakhiwo wawaneka amaqhekeza iibhulorho phezu yonke indawo. Ayikhuthazwa ukususa isithuthi, njengoko asphalt ukuba atyhudise kwindawo yokuqala, yaye ngokumangalisayo, ngoko nje ngokwenyama awuzukuba ixesha uphume emotweni, xa usiya kwindawo nandzu.

Hlala uzolile kwaye aphakuzele, lalingu kunawe, kokukhona amathuba okusinda.

Kusoloko kakhulu ukugcina onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko esandleni xa kukho nayiphi na intlekele okanye umlilo, ungenza ushiye indlu kunye yokundwendwela, uya kukuphepha tape ngakumbi ebomvu kunye namaxwebhu.

Ekuphetheni

ukunyikima eRashiya kwenzeka ezingakumbi kunokuba sicinga. Abahlali yengingqi seismically esebenzayo kufuneka rhoqo ukoyika iza kwenzeka intlekele. Nangona kwemizamo emihle izazinzulu kunye nezinye iingcali kwangaphambili ngokupheleleyo, inyikima kuya kwenzeka nini yaye phi, uhlala akunakwenzeka. Indalo kunzima yaye ngamanye amaxesha ngabula kwabantu ukungakhathali yakhe.