Ukuzikhusela imoto yeSimonov-SCS-45

I-SCS 45 - ukuzitshabalalisa imoto yeSimonov - i-carbine yaseSoviet, eyilwe yenziwe ngumkhandi wesixhobo wasekhaya uSergei Simonov. Ukwamukelwa ngokusemthethweni kwe-carbine yokuzikhusela kwenzeka ngowe-1949. Ukwahlukana kokuqala kweSSC 45 kwafakwa kwiiyunithi kunye namaziko asebenzayo ngexesha lemfazwe ekuqaleni kwe-1945. Enyanisweni, lo mzuzwana ungabizwa ngokuba ngowona kuphela xa kusetshenziswe i-cartridges ye-Great Patriotic Warfare ye-7.62x39 millimeters.

SCS-45. Uphononongo

Abantu abaninzi abathengile esi sixhobo sokuyisebenzisa njengesibhamu sokuzingela, okokuqala qaphela ukulula kwaye, ngoko ke, ukuthembeka koyilo. Ukongezelela, i-carbine ibonakala ibonakalisa ngokwaneleyo. Ukongezelela, izixhobo zilula ukuba zidibanise, njengoko ziqondwa (njengokuba kunjalo kwisibhamu saseKalashnikov), kwaye akukho mingxuma eninzi apho ingcola inokuqokelela khona. Enye ibhonasi enamandla ibhokisi lebhokisi elinamandla.

Phakathi kweempazamo zabantu abasebenzisa i-SCS, bagxininise ukungabikho komhlawuli-mali, oko bathi, abayikuphazamisa ukudubula ngokukhawuleza. Iimpawu ezininzi ze-SCS zinokungaphumeleli kwefektri ngendlela yeefowuni ezimbini. Xa ubeka ivenkile kunye ne-cartridges, kufuneka ubeke iliso kwinkqubo yonke, kuba le shishini ligcwele umda.

SCS-45. UkuThupha

Ngokuthakazelisayo, abaninzi abalandeli be-carbine bavela ngaphesheya kolwandle. Iinqwelo zixabiseke ngokukhethekileyo e-US ngenxa yokulula, ukuthembeka kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, ixabiso elincinci. Ngokubanzi, eNtshona, i-SCS-45 ibaluleke kakhulu. Ixabiso layo lihlala li-$ 120. Ngokuxhomekeke kunyaka wokukhululwa, iyakwazi ukufikelela kuma-150 engama-carbine. Kodwa lixesha lokuthetha ngokukhwela izixhobo.

Ukhetho lweTactical

Njengokuba ukongezwa kwangaphandle kumnini we-carbine kunokucetyiswa ama-straps ama-canopies angama-tactical (njenge "Picatinni"). Ukulungelelaniswa ukufakwa kweebhokisi ezenziwe ngumbumba, izinto ezikhethekileyo eziphezulu. Ukuba iimali zivumelekile, ungabi yi-stingy - fumana i-cover yegesi egumbini, apho kuya kuba ne-tactical mount. Akunakulungele ukuba kubekho ulawulo olumiselweyo, kunye nokuthengwa kwebhasti. Yonke le nto izakubiza malunga needola ezingama-245. Kodwa ngexesha elifanayo ukuzingela kwe-SCS-45 kuya kuba sisixhobo esiluncedo nakakhulu.

Enye indlela yokufakela i-butt ekhethekileyo ekhuselekile ekukhunjweni kwaye ibuye ibe neengubo zokukhusela kumanqatyana. Kule nguqulelo, ikhonkco yecala lokungenisa igesi kunye nokugqitywa kwangaphambili nalo linikezelwa, ezenziwe ngezixhobo zepolymer. Ixabiso lentetho enjalo liya kuba ngaphantsi kwama-$ 200.

Ngaphantsi kweSVD

Ukugqiba i-SKS yesibhamu sikaDragunov nayo inomdla kakhulu. Isicelo kwisilungiso sokhuseleko siyakhuselwa kwimirhubhe ngokuyimboza. Ukongezelela, ngenxa yoko, yaba yinto enganyangekiyo kumanzi. Ibunzi liphefumlelwe umoya, ikhava yombane yenziwe ngezinto eziphathekayo. Ngokomzobo, ungatsho ukuba apha zonke iinkcukacha zinomnyama. Kukho ukuhluka kweedola ezingama-220.

Imbali yendalo

Ikhowudiji ephakathi kwe-7.62x39 yamkelwa ngo-1943. Ngaloo xesha, umsebenzi uqala ngokuphuhliswa kwenkqubo entsha yezixhobo, ezinokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo ngolu hlobo. Lo msebenzi wawujoliswe ngu B. V. Simonov. Enyanisweni, wadala iisampuli zokuqala zokuzikhusela i-carbine ye-cartridge ye-7.62x39 millimeters ekupheleni kuka-1944. Ekuqaleni, i-carbine yasungulwa ngumyili weSoviet nangaphambili, ngo-1940-1941. Emva koko ithenda yabhengezwa ngokuphuhliswa kwesi sixhobo, kwaye uSimonov wathatha inxaxheba kuyo.

Nangona kunjalo, utshintsho olutsha lunezixhobo ezithile zoyilo. Ezi ziquka i-blap-bayonet, ingxowa ye-flap-bayonet engabonakaliyo, i-cartridges ye-caliber entsha (njengoko sele ikhankanywe ngamaxesha amaninzi ngaphambili), isiteshi segesi esisusayo. Kwakhona i- pipe-compensation compensator kwimizekelo emitsha yayingekhoyo. I-batch yokuqala yamathambo yafakwa kwimigangatho yemikhosi yaseByelorussian Front. Oku kwenzeka ekuqaleni kuka-1945.

Ukongezelela, ukusetyenziswa okuphambili kwezixhobo kuqhutywe kwizifundo ezibizwa ngokuthi "Shot". Ngokuqhelekileyo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba izixhobo zaziwa njengeziingcali ezifanelekile ukusebenza. Ukuphononongwa ngokuqhelekileyo kulungile. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba umphathi omtsha we-carbine uSimonov SKS-45 ithwale kakhulu, ixesha elide. Kwaqhubeka kwada kwaphela ekupheleni kweminyaka elishumi. Ngomnyaka we-1949 i-carbine, ehlengahlengiswa kwikharriji entsha, yamkelwa kwinkonzo kwi-Soviet Army.

Kwiminyaka emininzi, i-carSine carbine SKS-45 yayiyi (ngokubhekiselele ekuthandweni) kwimiqolo efanayo nompu we-Degtyarev, kunye nesibhamu se-Kalashnikov. Zonke ezi zixhobo zihlangene, ezingenakunakunyuswa. Abaye bavalela ukusilela kwelolu hlobo lwesiphatho. Ngokomzekelo, sinokuthetha ngokuxininisa okukhulu kwesibhamu seKalshnikov, esadalwa ngokutshaya.

Ngaloo ndlela, kwimimandla emifutshane, oku kwandisa kakhulu ukukhwela. Kwaye, ke, xa uqhuba umlilo kwiqela elincinci lutshaba. I-SCS apha inokuziqhayisa ngombhobho kunye nomgca wokubona (10.5 cm ububanzi kunye neentimitha ezili-10 ngokulandelanayo). Yikuphi ixesha elide ngaphezu kwesibhamu seKalashnikov. Ngenxa yoko, i-carbine yayineenkcukacha ezichanekileyo kuneyona nto. Kufuneka kuthathelwe ukuba i-carbine idibene neemfuno ezibekelwe ukudubula ngenxa yecandelo lokulayisha elizenzekelayo.

Ekupheleni kweminyaka eyi-50

Eli xesha laphawulwa ngokuhlanganiswa kweekopi zeengalo ezincinci, ezisezandleni zamajoni aseSoviet Army. Ngaloo ndlela, urhulumente wagqiba ekubeni iinqununu zomkhosi zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo ezizenzekelayo kwiindawo zemoto. Umyalelo wawukholelwa ukuba ukuphakama okukhulu komlilo okwakuboniswe kwi-Kalashnikov ukuqhuma isibhamu kwi-duel ye-unspoken ngokuchaneka kwe-SCS ngamashishini athile. Ngokutsho kweengcali zempi, into yokugqibela xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izikhombisi ze-AK ayizange idlale indima ebalulekileyo, ngoko iyakunakunyulwa.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni inkqubo yokutshintshwa kwiiyunithi zokudubula, kwaye i-SCS kwimigangatho yomkhosi ayizange ihambe ukuya kuma-80. Kwakukho i-carcorabine yeSimonov SKS-45 kwi-arsenal yunithi yunjineli, kunye nokudibanisa ukwakha impi kunye nokuxhaswa kwezinto eziphathekayo. Oko, ngokusemgangathweni, kunengqiqo, kuba ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimibhikano kwakungeyona eyona msebenzi oyintloko wale nqununu. Ngoku i-SCS isebenzisa inxalenye yamagada e-paramilitary. Hlonipha abalindi ngenxa yeempawu zobugcisa ze-carbine nazo ziyisebenzisa njengesikhali somkhosi.

Ukuthumela ngaphandle

Ukuzibophelela kwe-carbon ka-1945 kaSimonov kwanikelwa nakumazwe ase-Afrika nase-Asia. Kulapho wayetyenziswe kwiimpikiswano ezixhobileyo, ezenzeka kwixesha lembali ukusuka kuma-50 ukuya kuma-70. Oku kubandakanya, phakathi kwezinye, i-Vietnam Armed Conflict kunye neMfazwe yaseKorea. Iimveliso zaveliswa kwintsimi ye-USSR, kunye nommandla weRiphablikhi yabantu baseChina. Ngethuba lokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezinxamnye nempi, kwabonakala ukuba i-SCS ikulungele ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo zemozulu ehlathini.

Singaba sithi ukutshiswa komlilo kuqhutywe ngaphaya komda. Into yokuba ukuxabana namasosha aseMelika kumagosa asetyenziswe kwimigangatho engaphantsi kwebala lokuphumelela kwimpuphu kaSimonov. Uninzi lwezibhengezo zamaphephancwadi lwangaphandle lwangaphantsi kancinane kunomzekelo we-SCS ka-1945, kwaye oku kwaphawulwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngamagosa ezempi. Kwiimfazwe zexesha elifutshane, oku kudlala indima ebalulekileyo.

Ukubuyiselwa kwamanye amazwe

Iimodeli ezininzi zamaSoviet ezenziwe ngezixhobo zaseSoviet zabonwa ngabaqulunqi bamanye amazwe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, beyesizathu sokudala isikhali esifanayo esekelwe kwiplani yesampula esele ikhona. Kwaye kwaba ngumfuyo olwaphulo lweKalshnikov, kunye ne-Simonov carbine yomzekelo we-1945. Ngokomzekelo, amazwe anobungane kwiSoviet Union (kwaye le yiRiphabhlikhi yabantu baseChina, iRemocratic Republic yaseJamani kunye nezinye iindawo) zakha imveliso ye-serial yesixhobo esifanayo esekelwe kwi-SCS.

Sithetha ngo "Uhlobo 56" (olwenziwa yi-PRC), malunga neKarabiner-S (eveliswe yi-GDR), malunga ne "Uhlobo 59" (iPhabliki yaseYugoslavia). Umva wokugqibela, ngendlela, wayenombhobho oyingqayizivele wombhobho, kunye nomboniso obonakalayo, owawusetyenziselwa ukuqhuma iibhendi ze-gun. Isixhobo esifanayo saveliswa eYiputa (kwakuyi "Rashid"). Uyilo lwatshintshile ngandlela-thile, lushintsha u-trim, lwenza elinye i-receiver, kwaye latshintshe indawo yengalo yokuhlawula.

Iphelele, malunga nezigidi ezili-15 ezikopi kunye neenguqu ze-Simonov carbine zaveliswa emhlabeni wonke.

Okwangoku

Namhlanje, ukuzitshalalisa i-Simonov carbine yindlela eyaziwayo kakhulu yezixhobo zomkhosi. Ukuthandwa kwe-carbine kwixabiso elincinci kunye nokuthembeka, ukungathobeki kwinkathalo kusekelwe. Ngokomzekelo, namhlanje eUnited States of America malunga nemigangatho engama-2.5 yezigidi zathengiswa. Ngoku kwiivenkile zezandla eUnited States udla ngokuba unokufumana inamba enkulu yezixhobo ezikuvumela ukuba uhlaziye i-SCS yangaphambili. Ezi ziqhotyoshelweyo ezahlukeneyo kwizinto ezizodwa, izinto kunye nezinto.