Ukwakha indlu: ukubala indlela kwizinyuko kumgangatho wesibini

isakhiwo ngasinye zokuhlala iye ezinyukweni kanye, yaye ukuphunyezwa olululo sesakhiwo igumbi ixhomekeke intuthuzelo kunye nokhuseleko ahlala kuyo. isiqalelo ngasinye kule sakhiwo kufuneka siyilwe icinyiwe, izixhobo ukuze imveliso yawo kufuneka ifaniswe ubuninzi zonke iimpawu edalwe. Kwaye ke umbuzo njani ukubala kwizinyuko kumgangatho wesibini, yenye iinxalenye zesicwangciso kwesakhiwo.

Types of leri

Ngaphambi indlela ukubala kwizinyuko ukuya kumgangatho wesibini, kufuneka ukhethe uhlobo lwesakhiwo. Iindidi eziphambili zezi:

1. EMANZINI - le misebenzi yoyilo kulula ukwenza kunye nokusebenziseka. Esi sixhobo kusetyenziswa kuyilo yesakhiwo apho elizayo icetyelwe ukuba ukuhambisa izinto enkulu (ifanitshala, izixhobo zomculo, njalo njalo). Ukongeza, le uyilo yeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo abantwana kunye nabantu abadala. Kukho ukwahlukahlukana olu hlobo lwesakhiwo - ukuvula ngezinyuko 90 ° (sicwangciso belusenziwa izahlulelo ezibekwe ngecala) poluoborotnaya 180 °, kwaye setyhula - ukujikeleza angle 360 ° (apha ukunika iindinyana basafunda eziliqela kunye sites).
2. nobhazabhaza Ukonakala - isakhiwo entsokothileyo, apho amanyathelo lwenziwa kwi uhlobo winder. Kwirediyasi likhuphe ezi zinto kubalwa kule projekthi. izakhiwo ezifana nobhazabhaza kujikwa, caba kunye imigca polygonal kwahluka isakhiwo helical.

Ukukhetha ezinyukweni kanye

Ukuze akwazi ukubala indlela izinyuko ukuya kumgangatho wesibini, kufuneka ukhethe uhlobo lwesakhiwo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukukhethwa kwezixhobo kunye noyilo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana kummandla ukufotokopa kwindawo yeprojekthi, steepness kokunyuka (ukuphakama umgangatho) kunye nabanye.

Kulo mzekelo, imilo zejiyometri yesiza ukuya ngezinyuko ezijikeleze - isangqa, kwaye kuyilo basafunda - yoxande. I ukhetho lokuqala isicwangciso ingabizi kakhulu, kodwa ke olu hlobo yesixhobo abakhuselekanga abantwana kunye nabantu abadala, ngokunjalo nabo babe nempilo enkenenkene (ingakumbi hypertension).

Xa ukhetha uhlobo ileli noMlondolozi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngaba isakhiwo esenzelwe ziya jikeleza okanye emgceni. Ukuba ndawo incinane, kungcono ukucwangcisa ukwakhiwa ukujika, apho engile ebalwa ngokuxhomekeke indawo kwi sakhiwo.

kwesakhiwo

Cinga umbuzo njani ukubala kwizinyuko ukuya kumgangatho wesibini, umzekelo ileli ajikeleziswe 90 °, i eyenziwe ngomthi. Kwi efanayo ubukhulu amanyathelo ixesha (ubude nobubanzi) libonelela imithetho ezichazwe kwi adyumenti (isniphu).

Amaxabiso eziziintloko kwamkelwa ekubaleni zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Ububanzi komjikelo. Eli xabiso design kuxhomekeke ukuba okanye hayi ukuba izinto ezinkulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, eli nani 800 mm ukuya kwi-125 mm.
2. Inqanaba eliphezulu ubunzulu lisiwe ubungakanani izihlangu 42 - 280 mm-300 mm.
3. Ukuphakama lokuvula kwizinyuko: lobeko Optimal - 1,95 m-2.0 m.
4. inyathelo ukuphakama (inqwanqwa) - 160 mm-200 mm.
5. I-engile yokwenyuka sithathwa 30 ° - 45 °, njengoko amaxabiso utyekelo kule range zinika ride obutofotofo.
6. Le milinganiselo uqinisekiswe ebizwa ngokuba yi-ifomula yokhuseleko 2k + n, apho k - ukuphakama phayiphu, n - step ububanzi. Njengoko iyaziwa, umntu omdala inyathelo ilingana 0.60 - 0,64 m, kunye k - 0,28 m, ngoko oku kulandelayo n zithatha 0.18 m kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba inqanaba ngokubanzi, inowuthi ukuphakama edlulisa ..

Phambi kokuba ukubala kwizinyuko, kufuneka wenze imilinganiselo:

1. Floor ukuphakama (Walinganisa perpendicularly ukusuka phezulu kumgangatho wesibini ukuya kumgangatho osezantsi kwinqanaba lokuqala (A)) - nomlenze.
2. Ubude ezayo kubude (ukusuka kwindawo A ukuya ekupheleni ukuma elizayo yoyilo-isigaba ephantsi) - cathetus b.

Ukwazi le milinganiselo, umntu ukubala ubude yonke ngangomolulo formula kaPythagoras: a ² + b ² = c ^2, apho c na ixabiso olifunayo. Inani izinyathelo ayinakubalwa ngokwahlula ixabiso lilonke ukuphakama komgangatho ukuya edlulisa (inyathelo ukuphakama), isi-3 m 0,20 m = 15.

Njengoko kubonakala, ukubala izinyuko ukuya kumgangatho wesibini kulula. Ungakwenza oku ngaphandle koncedo iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo zekhompyutha. Into esemqoka - ilungelo ukwenza imilinganiselo njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla.