Ultrasound Screening 1 ezintathu: zokucazulula iziphumo. into ultrasound baxilonga njani 1 ezintathu?

Ukuphononongwa lokuqala yabelwa ekufumanekeni malformations foetal, ukuhlalutya indawo ithombo legazi placental, kwakunye ukufumanisa ubukho ukungaqheleki yemfuza. Ultrasound Screening 1 ezintathu eyenziwa kwisithuba seeveki 10-14 kuphela kagqirha.

Yintoni ultrasound kwithuba leenyanga ezintathu yokuqala?

US ebambe kwenzeka kwiikliniki ngokukhethekileyo axhotyiswe zabucala okanye kwiikliniki kubeleka, ezo iingcali ezifanelekileyo abakwaziyo ukwenza uxilongo kuyimfuneko.

Ukuze kuqhuba uviwo olupheleleyo eqongeni encinane lokukhulelwa kunceda ultrasound yokubahluza 1 ezintathu. Njani na uphando, ucacisa ugqirha, xa kuyimfuneko, uya kukuxelela indlela ukulungiselela zokwenza uxilongo.

ukufunda Screening olwenziwe indlela transabdominal (eludongeni esiswini) usebenzisa izixhobo cuke diagnostic. Kwimizuzu lokugqibela ultrasound ziqulathe imida zilandelayo:

• ingakumbi isakhiwo wesizalo kunye waso;
• Ukubona ngeso foetal sac;
• indawo kunye chorion isakhiwo;
• foetal frequency izinga intliziyo;
• ubukhulu iziqhamo udini esinqeni;
• Ebubanzini esibayeni entanyeni.

Ultrasound liya kuba nako ukumisela yobudala kanye sokukhulelwa, kuthintelwe naziphi izifo yemfuza malformations yosana olungekazalwa, kwakunye ubone ukuba kukho amabhinqa sifo uhlelo zokuzala ukuba nzima ukukhulelwa okanye abangele ukuphazamiseka. US-ezintathu lokuhlolwa 1 libonelela uvavanyo umfazi omithiyo ngokupheleleyo kunye Umbungu zonke iparameters eziyimfuneko.

Abawacazululayo i parameters eziphambili ultrasound

Phambi kokuqala uxilongo ugqirha kufuneka icacise umhla wokuqala kwexesha lokugqibela sexesheni, ukuba abe nako ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubungakanani olungekazalwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ubuyiselo kubhalo oluqhelekileyo ibamba ngqo ugqirha ngubani na onolwazi kuzo zonke isigama nokwazi imithetho Palsy.

Imida ebaluleke kakhulu amaza ukuhlolwa lokuqala izinga lentliziyo kunye coccyx-Parietal Isisombululo Palsy. CHCHS ukusuka 10 ukuya kweli-14 ngeveki ingaba 150-175 ibetha / minute.

Ubungakanani olungekazalwa ukusuka isithsaba nomsila kwiiveki 13 ubude kufuneka ubuncinane 45 mm. Ultrasound Screening 1 ezintathu kufuneka wenziwe ukuya kwiiveki 13, iintsuku ezi-6, kuba kwixesha elizayo kuya kuba nzima ukufumanisa imimiselo ukuba parameters ikhombisa yamkelwe.

Khowudi yasiwa kumbhalo yemida ezongezelelweyo ultrasound

Ubukho foetal chromosomal ukungaqheleki ixelwa ubukhulu nuchal. Esi salathisi njengenyathelo ezintathu 1 kuphela zokuhlola. Njani ultrasound, lungafumaneka kwi-Internet okanye ukubuza kugqirha wakho.

Uhlalutyo ngesakhiwo lilungiselelo chorion ukumisela ngumkhaya zokuhlala elizayo ziqinisekise iphuhlisa ukukhulelwa. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba xa chorion eqhotyoshelweyo kufuphi os angaphakathi isibeleko, kukho amathuba okuba previa beendawo.

Sac kwiiveki 12 bangabi phantse ngokupheleleyo, njengokuba ngalo eli xesha ngumkhaya iqala ukuba zivuthwe, neya kuthi yenze yonke imisebenzi efanayo nokuqinisekisa umbungu izakhi kunye bonke eziyimfuneko zophuhliso eqhelekileyo zinto.

Umhlaba wokuhlahlelwa imo nobufazi nayo ibalulekile kakhulu. Ekubeni ifomu non-ibhanile isibeleko (yesali, ezimbini lineempondo) kunokubangela isisu okanye ngokunyamalala Palsy. Epididymis kwakhona kuvavanywa ubukho cysts. Kwezinye iimeko, ngexesha lokukhulelwa kukho imfuneko utyando ukususa esi sifo.

Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ezingaqhelekanga kugqirha wafumana uzist faka izimvo kwi ekupheleni protocol. Ultrasound Screening 1 ezintathu na uphando kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ikuvumela ukuchonga ngokupheleleyo yonke ngezifo kunokwenzeka nabanezinto ezingaqhelekanga ezingekazalwa kunye zokuzala abakhulelweyo.

Iimpawu zoqeqesho ukuqhuba ultrasound

Phambi kokuba nkqubo akufuneki ukuba athobele batye ukutya okuthile okanye purgation. Umfazi kufuneka uthathe kuphela ngetawuli ultrasound zokufunda kunye ilweyile elahlwayo. Xa utyelela kuqala ofisi US kufuneka alinde ukugcwaliswa lwesinye minor.

An ugqirha onamava uya kukwazi ukubona ngexesha na, nokuba yingxaki engephi kwaye yilungise ngokufanelekileyo, ngaphandle ebangela nawuphi na umonakalo kusana olungekazalwa okanye impilo kamama wakhe.

Njengoko of ultrasound ukuchonga Down engqondweni?

Intamo phinda kwisithuba seeveki 11-13, kufuneka ingadluli 3 mm. Ziqonde ultrasound ukuhlolwa 1 ezintathu kufuneka wenziwe ngugqirha wakho, owazi zonke iimpawu ngabanye eziphilayo.

Ngaphezu koko nuchal ukufumanisa ubukho Down engqondweni singaba imiba efana:

• engekho ithambo ngeempumlo;
• kophulwa umthetho kwegazi kwi venosus ductus;
• phambi tachycardia (iyangongoza);
• ukunciphisa ubungakanani maxilla;
• Ubukhulu ukwanda lwesinye;
• Ukungabikho umthambo yesibini enkabeni (ngokwesiqhelo imithambo ezimbini enkabeni ezibonelela igazi kwemali kwimali kwimveku echanekileyo ezaneleyo oksijini kunye nezakhi).

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba izikhombisi ezithile nayo kuthi kubantwana esempilweni. Ingakumbi kumayelana ukufumaneka ithambo ngeempumlo, apho angekhoyo kwisithuba seeveki-11 nama-2% yabantwana. iphula yokumpompoza kwegazi kwenzeka ngo-5% yabantwana esempilweni kwaye akukho ngezifo efuna ungenelelo lonyango.

Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuhlalutya ngenyameko iziphumo ukuhluza 1 ezintathu. Ultrasound akusoloko nako ukubonisa umfanekiso opheleleyo ekukhuleni komntwana.

Ukulungiselela Ukuhlolwa zengqo-

Ngaphambi kokuba igazi ukusuka apho iphuma khona kufuneka imini phambi kokuba uphando ukulandela izondlo ezithile bucala:

• chocolate;
• kwaselwandle;
• okunamafutha;
• iimveliso inyama.

Zingaphelanga iiyure ezingama-4 phambi kokuba isampulu yegazi kuyimfuneko ukulishiya ngokupheleleyo isidlo. It ivumela ukunika isiphumo echanekileyo.

1 ezintathu nokuxilongwa: ultrasound negazi njengezalathisi impilo yosana olungekazalwa xa

Xa ezintathu yokuqala kukho imfuneko hayi nje ultrasound, kodwa qiniseka ukuba baphande igazi ukusuka apho iphuma khona, nto leyo umiselwa kwinqanaba hCG kunye PAPP-A.

Xa lokufunyaniswa igazi ixhomekeke hCG kuphela iyonke, kodwa yayo ezamahala β-enganeno. Ngokwesiqhelo, le salathisi kwi nayiphi na elabhoratri sibe uluhlu 0.5-2 kusale. Ukuba lokwaphula imithetho kwandisa kakhulu umngcipheko ukutyhileka olungekazalwa Down engqondweni, okanye iindidi ukungaqheleki chromosomal.

Ukwandisa izinga ezamahala β-enganeno ye hCG kubonisa ubukho kunokwenzeka yosana olungekazalwa Down engqondweni. Nangona ukucuthwa xi le index kwandisa umngcipheko umntwana Edwards syndrome.

PAPP-A yeyona plasmatic ziiprotein A, ezinxulumene ukukhulelwa. Ukwanda bulingane kule isalathiso ibonisa eqhelekileyo ngethuba lokukhulelwa. Ukutenxa kumgaqo ibonisa ubukho ezingaqhelekanga yosana olungekazalwa. Nangona kunjalo, oku kusebenza kuphela eliphantsi Isalathisi igazi yoxinaniso engaphantsi kwe-0.5 umama, ngaphezu udidi 2 umama ayikho emngciphekweni uphuhliso wosana.

1 ezintathu ukuhlolwa: ezama iziphumo ultrasound kunye novavanyo ukulungiselela ingozi ezimbi

Laboratories neenkqubo zekhompyutha ezizodwa, apho phambi kwezalathisi ngamnye ibalwa umngcipheko ukuphazamiseka chromosomal. Beempawu ngabanye ziquka:

• ubudala;
• ubunzima;
• imikhuba emibi;
• isifo esinganyangekiyo okanye unina yezifo.

Emva kokungena zonke iparameters kwiprogram kuyo uzakubala hCG median PAPP-ngqo yobudala sokukhulelwa nokubala umngcipheko malformations. Umzekelo, umlinganiselo we-1: 200 sibonisa ukuba ungumfazi abakhulelweyo 200 1 mntwana uya ukungaqheleki chromosomal, nabantwana 199 zizalwa usempilweni ngokupheleleyo.

Uvavanyo engunegethivu ubonisa umngcipheko ephantsi kwimveku Down engqondweni kwaye ayifuni naziphi na iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo. Emva luhlolo umfazi ultrasound ngo senyanga yesibini.

Kuxhomekeka ratio afunyenwe elebhu unikwa sigqibo. Kunokuba elidibanisayo okanye elithabathayo. Uvavanyo onguphozithivu ibonisa amathuba eliphezulu lokuba umntwana Down syndrome, ngoko ugqirha imisela izifundo ezongezelelweyo (amniocentesis kunye chorionic villus isampuli) ukwenza uxilongo lokugqibela.

Ultrasound Screening 1 ezintathu, nokubuyekezwa nezivumela ukuba umfazi ngaphezu ukuqonda iziphumo ezifunyenweyo, akusoloko ukujongelwa phantsi, kuba kuphela ugqirha izakhi ngokuchanekileyo protocol.

Yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe basengozini enkulu ngenxa Down engqondweni?

Xa efumanise umngcipheko omkhulu yokuba umntwana mpilweni akufuneki nangoko asebenzise amanyathelo kakhulu ukuphelisa ukukhulelwa. Ekuqaleni, kufuneka uye kugqirha-zofuzo, ngubani na oya kuqhuba yonke uphando eziyimfuneko ngokuchanekileyo ukufumanisa ukuba okanye hayi kukho umngcipheko wokuba ezingaqhelekanga chromosome umntwana.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, uhlalutyo yemfuza uphikisa ubukho iingxaki umntwana, ngoko nokukhulelwa ngokukhuselekileyo ebantwini uze uzale. Ukuba iimviwo ingqina ubukho Down engqondweni, abazali kufuneka benze isigqibo zabo iyigcine ukukhulelwa okanye hayi.

Ziziphi iimpawu kuchaphazela iziphumo?

Ekukhulelweni IVF abafazi zinokwahluka. HCG xi siya kugqithiswa, ngoxa PAPP-A iya kuncitshiswa yi-15%, ultrasound unakho ukubonisa i LZR ukwanda.

iingxaki Weight kuchaphazele kakhulu ukusebenza hormone. Ngenxa Uphuhliso lwamazinga ukutyeba hormone linyuke kakhulu ukuba ubunzima bomzimba iphantsi ngokugqithiseleyo, iihomoni iya kuncitshiswa.

uchulumanco Pregnant ezinxulumene iimvakalelo malunga nokuchaneka ndingekazalwa, inokuba kwakhona kuchaphazela iziphumo. Ngenxa yoko umfazi ufanele ukuba pre-ukuqwalasela ngokwayo phezu negative.

Ngaba ugqirha zanyanzelisa isisu xa efumanise syndrome Down kweli umbungu?

Akukho ugqirha unokunyanzeliswa ukuphelisa ukukhulelwa. Isigqibo malunga nokuqhubeka esakhulelwe okanye uphelele ungathatha abazali itakane kuphela. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba acinge nzulu ngalo mbandela yaye isigqibo nobubi bendlela ukuba usana Down syndrome.

iilebhu abaninzi sikwazi ukubona umfanekiso-ntathu umntwana. Photo ultrasound Screening 1 ezintathu ivumela abazali phambili imemori wophuhliso usana lwabo olude ilindelwe.