Umbuzo evela ukwazi: zingaphi iminyaka, Ntombazana Snow?

Ngoku phantse zonke abantwana abancinane bangqonge umthi weKrismesi, ke Santa Claus kunye umzukulwana wakhe othandekayo, kwaye ngoncedo intonga umlingo kunye unkabi zamatakane, "Herringbone, ukukhanya!" - emthini kuvutha izibane smart anoboya.

Inkalo yembali ingxaki

Kakade ke, umbuzo kwiminyaka emininzi indlela Ntombazana Snow, abazali ngokuqhelekileyo unomdla kakhulu (nje uyadlala), kodwa ukuba ungaya ingxaki lenzululwazi ecocekileyo, wena kuqala siqonde ukuba, xa i-Emphaya Russian, kwabakho isiko ukuya kubhiyozela uNyaka oMtsha usebenzisa iimpawu aqhelekileyo kuthi ukususela ebuntwaneni.

Enyanisweni, lo mkhwa Ikhe akusoloko ekho yaye ayikho nkqu Russian lweenkobe: kula ezinezinga iyahlonelwa ngakumbi eminye imithi - ezinde, Linden, oki. Umthi weKrismesi sele kudala zophondo amaJamani - kunye nabo yesiko "bafudukela" kwi-East, nto leyo ayimangalisi: i Romanov ubukhosi kakhulu inxaxheba egazini German. Ngokuyintloko kwisixeko capital umthi weKrismesi walungiselela uKumkanikazi Maria Fedorovna, yaye kwenzeka ngo-1817.

Ngoko ke, ekuphenduleni umbuzo kweminyaka emingaphi apho i Ntombazana Snow, simele sikhumbule ukuba (kuyo nayiphi na imeko, oko ngomlinganiswa uNyaka Omtsha) kufuneka kube ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini. Fashion wangena uKumkanikazi, ngokubanzi malunga 1830: ekuqaleni izihlahla Christmas ndabamisela abantu etyebile, ngoko - ingeniso avareji.

Icawe, ngenxa yayo elondoloza ngemvelo, with "isiJamani umtefisa" ekulweni. I-Sinodi oyiNgcwele wawayalela ukuba amalungiselelo iholide ezikolweni, Noko ke, impumelelo lingapheleli: umthi weKrismesi wayethanda ngabo bobabini abadala kunye nabantwana, yaye ngenxa balo wayo, le kumzabalazo Abaseki bakhangela ukuze ekhubekisayo kakhulu.

Zeenqwelo Moroz - a naturalized ngumbharbhari, kwaye Maiden Snow - lweenkobe Russian

Abanye kwexesha kamva kwakukho Santa Claus. Lo mfanekiso inxulumene, kwelinye icala, kunye nomfuziselo St Nicholas, ethandwayo kwi-West, yaye kwelinye icala - i intsomi ubhalo Russian ngubani ekuqaleni kwi okulungileyo Granddaddy akazange ngokukhethekileyo khangela ngathi: A Tale of Jack Frost, ndiyamvelela kakhulu abo eyonqenayo, sonke khumbula. Uyisemkhulu Frost Red Nose misebenzi Nekrasov kaThixo, kananjalo, akazange engeyongozi: nje namhlanje esikolweni ukufunda uguqulelo ebhekileni ezishwankathelweyo.

Enye indlela okanye omnye, kodwa nentsomi umlinganiswa isambatho uboya kunye nabasebenzi bakhe nabo kubonakala ukuba "hayi okwethu ngokupheleleyo." Kodwa Ntombazana - intombazana kuphela Russian. Analogue naphi na apha ehlabathini ayikho.

Lo mfanekiso kuqala livela kwi intsomi, ngoko umbuzo kwiminyaka emininzi indlela Ntombazana Snow kanye, akukho namnye uya kundiphendula. Intsomi yokuba sibini bantwana, unodoli oyimfama ikhephu waqalisa ukushumayela ummangaliso: intombazana ephila. Abazali afa isigqibo eli- baby ezishushu yakhe, baphela kalusizi kakhulu.

Intombi kwimizobo

Ngenxa yeempembelelo yi ibali ezinkulu, Ostrovsky wabhala lomdlalo ngo-1873, ngokutsho ukutolika njengoko iminyaka Snow Maiden ngokungathi sentsomi kwakukhona intombazana akukho kweminyaka engama-12-13, kulo mdlalo sithetha intombazana oselula linyibilike nje kuphela kwelanga njengoko ngenxa yothando.

Ngokuququzelela lokuqala umsebenzi, kufuneka bathi, iye ayiphumelelanga kakubi. Abantu abaninzi yabacaphukisa ukubandezeleka bekhephu intombi lubizwa, umbhali lingasiyo phantsi phezu snickers kunye epigrams. Akumangalisi ngakumbi kukuba xa Rimsky-Korsakov opera kwalo, likhulu igama wadala kunye ibali elifanayo, bantu sasihlambela ubuqaqawuli kuyo - kwaye enyanisweni ngayo kwiminyaka 9 kuphela emva kokuba umdlalo! Eneneni, abaphulaphuli - ukuba ezinomoya kunye esiguquguqukayo.

Ngoku umbuzo kwiminyaka emininzi indlela Ntombazana Snow, kuconjululwa ngamnye ukwenzela iholide nganye. amaqela Abanye abantwana bakaThixo zinika umzukulwana ka Santa Claus "zakhe." I intle kunye / okanye intombazana umsengi uyakuthanda ukudlala indima Ntombazana Snow. Ukuba le unobumba efunekayo njengendlela liyana Santa, kukhethwa nenenekazi nangaphezulu: emva bonke, ndawonye abantwana kube lula ukuba kunokusebenzisa yedwa.

Buyisela holiday abantu

Kukho ubungqina bokuba kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba emva kwexesha sele Ntombazana eyayikho: zokudlala ngohlobo amantombazana ngekhephu ahombise imithi iKrismesi kumakhaya amaninzi. Kodwa njengento oncedisayo nomzala yomfanekiso Santa Claus oko tywa emva kokuba revolution konyaka-17.

Ndimele nditsho ukuthi ekuqaleni kwanawo kulisiko nihombisa umthi weKrismesi, enoba emininzi iminyaka, Ntombazana Snow, akukho iingubo iintsomi uyisemkhulu enkulu abalandeli uLenin bakaThixo akanamdla: kwagqitywa ukuba i "ulawulo omdala" nezithethe zakowabo Soviet ukuba nantoni na. ntliziyo Communist ngenkuthalo kutshayelwa konke iye yanxulunyaniswa leKrismesi. Kuphela 1935, ubunkokheli beqela yagqiba ukuba mbi kwakuza kufuneka ukubuyela belizwe elinye ubuncinane uvuyo ezinye ebomini, Walizinzisa ngokutsha umthi nje omnye linenxeba lalo usiba (emva kokupapashwa "Inyaniso" ye inqaku efanelekileyo, sityikitywe lilungu Political Bureau of isithethe emva kwiintsuku ezimbalwa).

Ngowe-1937, kwaqhutywa umbhiyozo ezinkulu New Year Jonga House of qumrhu - kwabonakala kuqala kunye Santa Claus and "njengekhephu intombazana": umbuzo kweminyaka emingaphi apho i Ntombazana Snow, kwagqitywa ekubeni luncedo kwabo "badala". Kwaba kuphela 40 kulo ubume ezinxulumene ezisemthethweni unikwe: ophuma imiboniso ibhanile, iholide uNyaka Omtsha ubhale ukuba yintoni na - umzukulu Santa Claus.

Namhlanje, umzabalazo ilungelo kuqwalaselwa indawo awazalelwa kuyo amantombazana jasmay iphumelele Kostroma, leyo ngokuxhaphaza umfanekiso Ntombazana kunye elungileyo ukuze nomtsalane kubakhenkethi. Kwezi ndawo, Ostrovsky wabhala umdlalo wakhe, ezifotwe kufuphi efanayo film. Kamva, indawo waya Kostroma wahlela paka "Berendeevo ubukumkani" apha. Apha zemizi sihle ngasechwebeni iVolga, kwaye uphila Ntombazana kwamnandi, utyelelo apho ityelelwa abaninzi abathanda iintsomi.

Le iindwendwe happy ukwamkela iindwendwe: uqhuba utyelelo endlwini, wazisa abahlobo bakhe nekhephu bhayi afefe "ukwenzela luck." In kuka March - ekuqaleni Epreli, kunye umda Kostroma ibhiyozela wokuzalwa Heroine intanda yabaninzi (loo nto, mhlawumbi, sinokufumanisa ukuba iminyaka emininzi ngoku Snow Ntombazana). Isithethe yaqala ngo-2009, yaye ukususela ngoko Iphuhlisa kuphela. Lo mkhosi holiday kwenzeka, imiboniso, ukhuphiswano, imidlalo kumabala emidlalo - kuba ezimbalwa iintsuku isixeko uguqulwe kuyasetyenzwa ukuduma uvuyo, simema abahlali balo kunye neendwendwe ngokufanayo onwabele umoya iholide imilingo.