Day Scientist enyukliya - iholide yobungcali eRashiya and Kazakhstan

Ukususela ekuqaleni ekwindla, uyakwazi ukuva lo mbuzo: "Yintoni umhla isazinzulu enyukliya" Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba abemi owoyamaniswe kuyo: iiholide professional lubhiyozelwa ngeempelaveki ngeveki elithile enyangeni. Apha imeko yahlukile. Ndiwise umthetho kaMongameli (03.06.2005) olumiselwe umhla ngqo - 28 Septemba. Ukususela ngo-2008, wazibandakanya ukuvuyela kunye Republic of Kazakhstan.

"Rosatom"

Phambi amaziko iholide ezingaphezu kwama-250 lamawaka abasebenzi yayingamakhulu amathathu anamashumi amathandathu kushishino yenyukliya wabhiyozela iholide yobuchule kunye namandla - elamashumi omabini anesibini ka December. State Corporation "Rosatom" (2007) yi emantloko kwicandelo, leyo eye kumafa yayo;

• iinkampani Industrial empini.
• Venture ekuveliseni izixhobo zenyukliya.
• Research Institute of zesayensi zenyukliya.
• Icebreaking izithuthi.

Intloko ombutho karhulumente, Sergei Kiriyenko, kanye mncinane Prime uMphathiswa (1998).

Day Scientist enyukliya - uhlobo yengxelo candelo kweli lizwe, kuba amagunya ombutho karhulumente ikwaquka imiba yokhuseleko enyukliya, uphuhliso inzululwazi inzaliseko nezibophelelo ngamazwe.

Imbali ye shishini

Day of September 28 akukho oludale kuchazwa. Umhla enxulumene 1942, xa umthetho USSR GKO yavunywa yi ekuqaleni kweprojekthi uranium wazimisa kwilebhu okhethekileyo. Abekuhambisa uphando Academician I. V. Kurchatov, ogama lakhe ngoku liziko enkulu yenzululwazi amandla enyukliya. Imfazwe yanciphisa amathuba imisebenzi yophando, ngoko ke uvavanyo lokuqala zenyukliya 1945 lwenziwa abaseMelika. Emva kokuba umsebenzi Enkulu Patriotic kwi ukusetyenziswa amandla enyukliya ukulungiselela iinjongo zomkhosi sele yenziwe yasebenza, kuba ngawo nokusetha i neKomiti yabaPhathiswa ekhokelwa L. P. Berii.

August 1949 - usuku zembali. Eli xesha lokuqala uvavanyo zenyukliya Semey, emva kweenyanga-32 emva kokuqalisa reactor zenyukliya zokuqala. Nangona iingxaki zaloo minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe, eSoviet Union, ukuba wathabatha imali efanayo ixesha njengoko eUnited States. Usuku kwi-nzulu yenyukliya Russian ithi lonke zenzululwazi ababandakanyekayo siganeko ekuhlaleni. Ryabev Isazinzulu Leo ukhumbula ukuba abafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo emva kweentsuku Agasti ka-1949, wabalekiselwa amasebe physics, ukuze bathathe inxaxheba ugqatso ingozi lutshaba. Isinye esithathwini afunda nabo ngoku zokusebenza kwishishini yenyukliya. Le mveliso yokuqala senyukliya ehlabathini, apho atom bafakwa wokunceda umntu, waba isityalo amandla kwi Obninsk (ngoJulayi ka-1954).

ushishino lwenyukliya Russian

Namhlanje, kukho 10 NPP, ogama nomndilili kagesi yi 18.6%. Kwinxalenye yaseYurophu Russia idlula 33%. Izityalo inkulu yenyukliya amandla - Balakovo (iifoto ukutyelela SV Kirienko inokubonwa kwinqaku), esibizwa (kufutshane capital), Kursk naseLeningrad. Ngoku kukho ulwakhiwo leeyunithi ezisibhozo kweli lizwe, aba mashumi mathathu anesibhozo - amazwe. Russia - lizwe kuphela enalo yenyukliya icebreaker izithuthi. Kungekudala iza kubeka ukusebenza a ezidadayo amandla enyukliya, ukwakhiwa oluqhutywa kwi kwiBaltic zalapho.

Day Scientist enyukliya - umthendeleko abo benza imigodi uranium. On noninzi lwezinto amafutha enyukliya, iRussia kwindawo yesithathu kwihlabathi emva Australia ne Kazakhstan. Ngowe-2015, imveliso uranium tonnes-3000, nto leyo eyenza yelizwe yesibini ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Emva kokuba ezibuhlungu eChernobyl inzululwazi swi ingxaki ukhuseleko samandla enyukliya.

kushishino Nuclear ku Kazakhstan

Inxalenye yiSoviet Republic of Kazakhstan iye njengesakhi esibalulekileyo senkqubo yonikezelo samandla enyukliya eli lizwe. On nommandla wayo na isiza uvavanyo Semipalatinsk nje kuphela, kodwa ke isityalo inkulu Ulba uvelisa amacandelo amafutha enyukliya. NgoMeyi 2008, uMongameli Nazarbayev isalelo lezithuba ezabelwe iziko le holide yobungcali kwi Septemba 28. Day Scientist enyukliya ku Kazakhstan, ngokunjalo eRashiya, lunikezelwa iziganeko ka-1942. Ukukhetha ikamva yinyukliya-free, eli lizwe wayivala emhlabeni uqeqesho losizi, kodwa kakhulu sokuphuhlisa ushishino lwenyukliya.

Kazakhstan inikezela 33% iimfuno uranium wehlabathi, ukuba inkokeli kwemveliso yawo. iinkampani elinanye kuqesha abasebenzi malunga 10,000. All in zonke, iholide professional ulungiselela ukubhiyozela abantu abangaphezulu kwama-25 amawaka. "Kazatomprom" yaye "Rosatom" wajoyina imikhosi nokudalwa Centre of uranium aphuculweyo, bebingelela abathengi izinto hayi ekrwada kunye amafutha ogqityiweyo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, eli lizwe akukho zityalo zamandla enyukliya esebenzayo, kodwa izicwangciso 2018 - kokuqala ukwakha isikhululo yokuqala.

congratulation

Day Scientist Inyukliya na iholide kawonke-wonke, kodwa yonke imibhiyozo zemveli zicwangciselwe-28 Septemba. Amajelo bavuma lokuvuyisana abo babe- imvelaphi shishino, kwaye ngubani ezinxulumene ngqo, namhlanje. Abasebenzi zibhetele izazinzulu banikwa amabhaso, ukuquka ukusuka World Organisation of WANO. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, ushishino lwenyukliya ibhiyozele iminyaka eli-70 (ubalo kwenziwa ukuqala kwi-reactor wokuqala), kunjalo mbhiyozo wadlula isikali okhethekileyo. YeSebe ke kufanele igama intsika uzobe olwenziwe karhulumente. ngonyaka ngamnye eMoscow yabamba kwikonsathi somsitho kunye nokwenziwa kwemisebenzi Iinkwenkwezi pop, ziphakathi apho ezithandwa kakhulu Sofia Rotaru.

Halala sesayensi yenyukliya ezifunyenweyo ku Kazakhstan, apho ishishini lenyukliya Ngumqondiso lo lizwe. Ngowe-2015, oko ikhokelwe AK Zhumagaliyev, owayevela kwi-ofisi yoMphathiswa loTyalo-mali kunye noPhuhliso. Eli lizwe intle kumsebenzi wawongwa isihloko ngumsebenzi Ezinokuthenjwa ushishino yenyukliya RK kunye imbasa ye igolide okanye imbasa yesilivere. In Russia - Makazizukise loMsebenzi waseFama ushishino lwenyukliya Russian. Imbeko isikhumbuzo esekwe imbasa ekhethekileyo kuwongwa ngayo amagqala shishino.

memory

Ngosuku isazinzulu yenyukliya bagqiba ukukhumbula abo ngeendleko zokukhusela ubomi kunye nempilo uluntu ngaloo mihla ezibuhlungu ezoyikekayo, apho atom enoxolo ngaphandle kolawulo umdali wayo.

29/09/1957 Kyshtym ntlekele kwenzeka kummandla eChelyabinsk kwi kwisityalo "Mayak", apho kusetyenzwa inkunkuma yenyukliya. Kule ndawo ye imisebe iindawo ezintathu ezinkulu: i Sverdlovsk, Tyumen kunye eChelyabinsk. zokuhlala engamashumi amabini anesithathu zayekwa yi nabemi, kunye nokuphelisa ingozi kwathunyelwa abantu yomkhosi emkhosini. Leyo mali million 20 Curie kwekhabhoni kwemitha

Imitha million 50 Ajika Pripyat lesikhumbuzo abalondolozwa iChernobyl Intlekele 1986, eshiya abangenamakhaya abantu amawaka 300. Le liquidators le ngozi eChernobyl - ngamagorha yokwenene, iyaluthintela uphuhliso xikepe nokuba ezoyikekayo ngakumbi.

Septemba 28 - yimini umbulelo nje aba bantu, ndicelela nabo iingcali abanika ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo ushishino lwenyukliya namhlanje.