Umgaqo wolawulo ye-Central Bank of the Russian Federation: omsebenzi osemqoka, iinjongo, imigaqo

Ubunkokheli kwe Russian Central Bank luphuhlisa kwaye iyingozi ngexesha elifanayo ngokulula zahlalutywa ulawulo yesekethe kwenkqubo wemali yokuphatha resurosov esimbaxa ngetyala. Ubume ingentla kubekwe-nxaxheba enkulu kwiimalike zemali, nto leyo ecacileyo neqondakalayo qhinga kuphuhliso iindlela ulawulo yesizwe kwezoqoqosho ngayo.

Umgaqo wolawulo ye-Central Bank of the Russian Federation akuthethi kuthi ulwaneliseko zonke "iminqweno" kunye neminqweno nxaxheba emarikeni, yaye xa wadalwa ulawulo yeziko zemali eyintloko alizithathi olu khetho.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zokujongana nomba mboleko kubaluleke kakhulu eqhotyoshelwe ekudaleni umfanekiso ogqibeleleyo i-Central Bank njenge inkqubo yolawulo ngaphakathi kwinqanaba lehlabathi. Iinkokeli yeziko mali eziphambili unomdla kakhulu into yokuba amaziko utyalo-mali lwangaphandle, amaziko amatyala, amaqela kunye neminye imibutho baqonde ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo oluqhubekayo wemali ye-Central Bank of the Russian Federation ithobela nomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. Ukuhlola ukusebenza kwamanyathelo neDyunivesithi yoLimo ziingcali Russian akukho ephambili yibhanki eyongameleyo.

Olwenziwe yi-nkqubo wemali ye-Central Bank of the Russian Federation, Kakade ke, usukelo ezithile, intloko phakathi kwabo - unciphiso izinga lokukhula kwamaxabiso kunye kwangaxeshanye amanyathelo GDP. Injongo kukuba ukudala iimeko ukunciphisa inani abemi abangaphangeliyo kunye nophuculo zengeniso phakathi kwabemi.

Kufuneka kugxininiswe ukuba umgaqo wolawulo-mali ye-Central Bank of the Russian Federation amiliswe ngokusekelwe inflation targeting.

Ngokutsho ndlela ithagethi ephambili kwamaxabiso kwendlela eyodwa ummiselo yonxulumano mali ye-Central Bank zezi: ngesidanga imali yoqoqosho, ukwanda kubonelelo ngemali, amaqondo enzala, inqanaba komsebenzi enyanzelekileyo.

Kufuneka igxininiswe into yokuba ixesha elide-nkqubo samatyala Central Bank of the Russian Federation yayisekelwe kwimigaqo "engacacanga" kwaye kwacaca, ezo musa ibonisa imeko yokwenene phezu iingxaki kwamaxabiso kunye nokulawulwa kwezimali. Noko ke, iithagethi ngokufuthi akazange ayihambelani yokwenene.

Iindlela ezisetyenziswayo umgaqo wolawulo-mali ye-Central Bank akazange isandla inzaliseko yokuqala izibophelelo ngamagosa kunye nokuphunyezwa iinguqu nje ambalwa. Kulo mba, isimo mandundu ngokuphunyezwa komgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente, kungekhona ukulawula amaxabiso, ukunyuka kakhulu njalo njalo.

Enyanisweni, iziko yezimali enkulu akafuni ukuba noxanduva kwamaxabiso nesderzhivanie, wabona khona ityala sabaphathi.

Mayigxininiswe kwakhona into yokuba uphuhliso mechanism kolawulo ngemali le nkqubo, ababhali awo kufuneka athathe ingqalelo imiba yemali kwiinkqubo kwamaxabiso, nekufuneka ngocoselelo bafunda zihlalutywe. Kwaye ke, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ukuxhomekeka emali kwi ngobungakanani ifuthe udidi ezifana nokwanda ubonelelo ngemali kwezoqoqosho.