Umprofeti uYona - umprofeti madolo. Engcwele-isigqebelo ibali iBhayibhile

Kuzo zonke iincwadi zesiprofeto zeBhayibhile, incwadi kaYona - kakhulu kunzima ukuqonda kunye olunzulu sifundo. Xa umthamo wakhe encinane lo msebenzi silindelwe abaphandi isixa olukhulu iingxaki ezenza kube nzima kungekuphela ukutyhilwa kwalo, kodwa yokuhlela. Ngenxa yoko, inani leengcali kumaphononongo Old Testament eBhayibhileni wada ndayihluthwa incwadi izibhalo status uYona lesiprofeto, becaphula wawalwela izizathu ezahlukeneyo ithisisi. Umzekelo, O. Kaiser uthi ukuba incwadi kaYona - ukubhalela lesiprofeto, ibali umprofeti, ngokunxulumene ngazo ubalisa lo msebenzi imibhalo ngembali neTanakh.

Imixholo incwadi kaYona

Book of uYona ukuba ngokokwakheka uwahlule ube zahlulo zithathu candelo. Inxalenye yokuqala iqala umyalelo kaThixo uYona ukuba aye eNineve ukuba ingxelo malunga nomsindo uSomandla. Ukuthunywa uYona - bakhuthaze iNineve enguqukweni, khon 'ukuze uThixo nebe isigwebo ngqwabalala. UJona izama ukunqanda umyalelo kaThixo, abaleke enqanaweni. Kodwa ke uNdikhoyo likufikela ukuba inqanawa yabo yayibhudlwa eyoyikekayo, apho oomatiloshe basabela amaqashiso ukufumana ngenxa yokuba umntu eye yabehlela imozulu embi. Lots ngokufanelekileyo uveza deviationist kaThixo (uMprofeti uYona), kwanyanzeleka ukuba avume iziphoso zakhe, wacela oomatiloshe ukuba bamphose elwandle. Oomatiloshe ezilandelayo iingcebiso aze aziphose uYona elwandle, apho usela ethile sidalwa elikhulu, ngesiHebhere kuthiwa "intlanzi", kwaye inguqulelo Russian yeBhayibhile ekuthethwe ngayo igama elithi "whale". Ngokutsho kwirekhodi, umprofeti uJona wayemihla mithathu nabusuku buthathu embilinini ngaphakathi iintlanzi. Fish ke, emva komthandazo kaYona, atshicelwe phezu kanye elunxwemeni iNineve, eyayithunyelwe ekuqaleni kuye uThixo. Esi siganeko iyaziwa isiko lamaKristu njengophawu umprofeti uYona, yaye ngokuqhelekileyo into enxulumene nokufa kwanokuvuka kukaYesu Kristu.

Inxalenye yesibini ubalisa ibali ngendlela umprofeti uYona wavakalisa baseNineve umgwebo kaThixo - ezinye iintsuku ezingama-40 kwaye isixeko iya kutshatyalaliswa ukuba abantu abazange baguquke. Ukuze ukumangala abantu uYona awasabela ngayo nzulu intshumayelo os- umprofeti. Ukumkani wathi inguquko kazwelonke bonke abantu, izilwanyana ziye ukutya, ethiwe wambu ngeengubo ezirhwexayo - izambatho penitential.

Isahlulo sesithathu le ncwadi iqulethe nenkcazelo kubekho impikiswano phakathi koThixo uYona. I yamva, xa wabona ukuba uThixo, aguquke iNineve ekhululekile, awazibhukuqayo isigwebo sakhe wasixolela umzi, wacaphuka ngenxa yodumo awayenalo sonakaliswa. Ukuze afundise umprofeti, uThixo usebenza ummangaliso: umthi wonke iyakhula ngabusuku bunye kuyo lome ubusuku bonke. Le yokugqibela yenzelwe ukubonisa uYona yokuziphatha - wayeziva nosizi kwisityalo, kangangokuba ndiyiqalekisile ubomi bakhe. Ukuba umthi a nalufefe, ukuba ayenzi ndoyixolela yonke mzi? - UThixo ucela uYona. Ngeli thuba lale ncwadi.

Wayekhona yeNcwadi kaYona

Iyathandabuzeka into yokuba iziganeko ezichazwe kulo msebenzi, kufuneka kubekho. izakhi Enhle okugcwele yonke ebalulekileyo mbaliso, anike isibakala yempembelelo zoncwadi lwe imvelaphi non-yamaYuda. uhambo Boat, ukuhlangulwa intlanzi, njl -. Zonke mibala eziqhelekileyo namabali amandulo. Nkqu negama kaYona - ayikho yamaYuda, yaye, mhlawumbi, i Aegean. INineve ngexesha eqikelelwa kwakungekho nto imelwe encwadini - isixeko esikhulu elinabemi ikhulu elinamanci amabini amawaka abantu (nikhumbula ukuba eli nani, ngokutsho namasiko xesha, hayi abafazi kunye nabantwana ifakiwe, inani yabemi ukuba umzi lo esiqaphelekayo kumnandi). Kungenzeka, kwisiqwenga ncwadi zihlanganiswe iintsomi ezahlukeneyo kunye zintsomi esizwe ukulungiselela iinjongo zemfundo.

Le yokuziphatha yeNcwadi kaYona

Isibakala sokuba unqulo lwamaJuda aziqhelekanga ukuba ingqalelo kaThixo emzini lobuhedeni (iNineve yaye akukho ngokunxulumene ukunqulwa yesiHebhere uThixo uYehova), uthi malunga iimeko apho iintlanga akazange adlale indima. Mhlawumbi oku kuthetha oomasipala co-ukubakho izithethe zosasazo ezahlukeneyo kwaye ukusukela amaYuda ukuba axolelanise ihlabathi lwabo zonqulo kunye nokusingqongileyo zobuhedeni. Kule nkalo, le ncwadi kaYona yahluke kakhulu nePentatiki, apho iintlanga phantsi ezihanjiswayo heremu (isiqalekiso) kwaye kufuneka kutshatyalaliswa, okanye, kwi kakuhle, unako kunyanyezelwa. Incwadi uYona, ngokuchasene noko, ashumayele nguThixo osikhathaleleyo ngokulinganayo bonke abantu, yamaYuda kunye iintlanga, kangangokuba uthumela Ndakugqala umprofeti wakhe ukuba bashumayele. Qaphela ukuba umthetho, uThixo wathumela abaprofeti ukuba iintlanga, ukuba ukushumayela inguquko, kwaye kanye ikrele yempindezelo. Nkqu iSodom neGomora uSomandla ekhangela kuphela ilungisa, kodwa zama ukuzoba aboni, ukuba baguquke.

Ukulunga kwiNcwadi kaYona iqulathwe kwindinyana yokugqibela, umbuzo weNkosi malunga ukuba uziva njani na nosizi mzi mkhulu apho ikhulu elinamanci amabini amawaka abantu dopey kunye nemfuyo eninzi.

Ngexesha lokubhala

Olusekelwe kucazululo yangaphakathi yesicatshulwa, ebusweni yamagama ngesiAram yamaYuda kade kunye nezakhiwo iimpawu, abaphandi bathi le oqingqiweyo iincwadi IV-III iinkulungwane. BC. e

Zabhalwa kwincwadi kaYona

Kakade ke, umbhali ayikwazanga kuba umprofeti uYona, owayephila ngere- zembali (ukuba wayehlala yonke) isiqingatha iwaka leminyaka phambi kokuba kubhalwe kulo msebenzi. Kungenzeka, oko waqamba umYuda owayehlala kwiindawo oqatha nempembelelo zobuhedeni - umzekelo, isixeko port. Oku kuchaza universalism yokuziphatha emsebenzini. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ungubani nombhali akwenzeki.

Umprofeti uYona - ukutolikwa kunye exegesis

utoliko ezimbini izithethe beTestamente eNdala - zamaYuda namaKristu, kufuneka utoliko olwahlukileyo lo mbhalo. Ukuba amaYuda kwindawo yokuqala babone kwincwadi kaYona Kuluvo le omnipotence kaThixo onguYehova, ngubani na ngaphezu kwabo bonke abanye oothixo kwaye kabani kolawulo esizigqubutheleyo izizwe zonke, kwakunye yonke indalo ngokubanzi, amaKristu ukubona intsingiselo eyahlukileyo. Ezizezi, ngokuba maKristu episode engundoqo luba yokuginya UYona nentlanzi. Ngokusekelwe amazwi kuthiwa nguYesu, zeVangeli, umprofeti uYona esiswini sentlanzi enkulu uhlobo kaKristu, lowo ubebethelelwe emnqamlezweni, wehlela kwelabafileyo, wabuya wavuka ngomhla wesithathu.