Umqambi Sergei Taneyev: biography, ubuchule

Umqambi Sergei Taneyev wazalwa ngo1856, yena usuka kwintsapho amanene. Uyise nayo ibe umculo ngumthandi abanetalente, Sergei bamsa umntwana somculo. Esemncinane Taneyev wangena Conservatory, apho wafunda i Tchaikovsky. Kamva ebonisa eliphezulu weklasiki neentlobo umculo: cantata, ikwayara, miniatures bathetha kunye kwigumbi yomculo weentambula - yaqhuba uphando nokufundisa kwinkalo musicology. Kodwa ke ishishini engundoqo wobomi - umqambi ingqondo yemveli. Kuya kuba nomdla biography creative kakhulu. Taneev Sergey Ivanovich yaba ubuntu obalaseleyo.

Ngomhla imiyalelo umsebenzi kunye nobuchule

Ukuhlonipheka kwinkalo yenkcubeko, Sergei Taneyev waba ngowokuqala kweli musicologist lizwe. Iiklasi ziyabanjwa e Moscow Conservatory. Xa inkqubo yokufundisa kunye wezemfundo, wafundisa abantu abatsha, kubandakanywa abafundi baba abaqambi odumileyo Rachmaninoff, Scriabin, Glier.

imisebenzi Taneyev aqalisa embundwini kwenkulungwane yama-20 zibhekisela ulwalathiso zeniyo-classicism, awathi ekuqaleni kwale nkulungwane. umsebenzi owenzayo liye waqaphela asiyi kuba kwaoko. Imisebenzi yomculo ingqalelo owomileyo, isiphumo kwedesika zokufunda kunye nobuchule. Into yokuzonwabisa Taneyev Bach kunye uMozart Kwakhona wongezelela umdla. Kodwa ukusuka kwindawo yezembali lwembono, ecaleni ukufumana izizathu ezinamandla umculo Russian, nto leyo kusenziwa naziphi nenkcubeko yaseYurophu. umculo yakhe esibonakala nsimbi.

Lweembono izibakala

amathuba ezibanzi bavula imvumi emva kokufumana imfundo. Uye lwenziwa iikonsathi, wafundisa waza wafunda kokuqamba. Nokuba eselula ndaya eFransi wokuphonononga inkcubeko yaseYurophu. Zonke elaziwayo iimpawu ezibalaseleyo yokuziphatha Taneyev, embiza "isazela lomculo eMoscow." Taneyev Serey Ivanovich, kwincwadi engobomi bomntu elifutshane ukuphonononga lizukiswe igama lakhe.

uqeqesho

Ngowe-1866, Nikolaem Rubinshteynom Moscow Conservatory yasekwa. De kube lelo xesha, iimvumi zobungcali zange zitshitshiswe kakhulu, kunye neeklasi zabo. Kodwa le mvumi somculo hlobo, ndaqalisa ukuzuza uyazihlonela. Sergei Taneyev nangoko, ukususela ekusekweni yeziko, wangena ikhosi 1 xa eneminyaka engama-9. Tchaikovsky, zicaca idilesi kokuqala kumsitho wokuvula, uyalele abafundi ukuba nomdla kubugcisa "uzuko i igcisa onyanisekileyo." NG Rubinstein, Taneyev wafundisa eklasini ipiyano kunye nokucebisa njengento othandwayo, yaqikelela unekamva. Utitshala zesakhiwo kwi Taneyev waba PI Tchaikovsky.

Ngokwemigaqo yophuhliso zomculo yokuqala, leyo Taneev Sergey Ivanovich, kwincwadi engobomi bomntu amafutshane abantwana baya kuba umdla.

ukuqhuba phesheya

Ngobuciko izidanga kwi Conservatory kunye imbasa yegolide, ngowe-1975, Taneyev ufika e Paris. Kuye isiko ngenxa nezazi Uqhelene art French. ngeveki Rhoqo wayetyelele Polinu Viardo waza wadibana apho ababhali Turgenev, Flaubert, umqambi French Charles Gounod. Kwabakho utyelelo Saint-Saens, waza wenza imisebenzi yi Tchaikovsky - ikonsathi lokuqala ipiyano. Siqhelane kwinkcubeko French, le mvumi wagqiba ukuba imfundo ezifunyenweyo kwaye akubonakali ngokwaneleyo kuye. Ukumka France eneminyaka engama-20, encwadini Taneyev waqaphela ukuba maxa wambi uya kufika phesheya umdlali piyano, umqambi kunye nendoda ofundileyo.

Imisebenzi emva kwesikolo kunye nasekupheleni kohambo

Ukubonisa ukuzinikela, umqambi Taneyev wagqiba ukuba kahle nesithethe yaseYurophu umculo, ezama ukuba batshatise amagama kunye lwasekhaya. Wayekholelwa ukuba umculo Russian isilela nasiphi na isiseko zembali, ezifumaneka eYurophu. Lyricism kwi ingqondo edityaniswe classic yothando.

E Moscow, elide Sergei wayehlala kwisithili Prechistenka kunye nomncedisi ongumSuthu wakhe, wadlala eekonsathi. Ngowe-1878, umsebenzi wawuqala Moscow Conservatory. Malunga isifundo bamfundise bambongoza Tchaikovsky. Kokuqamba umsebenzi kwafuneka ukuba kwindawo yesibini, njengoko wanikela ixesha imfundiso le ngcamango.

Waxelela abafundi ukuba akukho imithetho engaguquki, ukuba kukho into ilingane le isimbo, kubalulekile kwenye. UMfundisi Taneyev wayenza uqeqesho kwiinkalo ezininzi, kwaye kananjalo into emandiyenze kwi counterpoint yakhe uqeqesho olusekelwe.

umsebenzi "Counterpoint style nkqubo" Scientific yaba ziziphumo zophando nzulu. Theory na ngobuciko jikelele kunye zemathematika. Eneminyaka eyi 28 Taneyev omdala ke umlawuli we-Moscow Conservatory, i Tchaikovsky wabongoza kwi kwakhona. Kwakhona ke Kwaye nomdlali wokuqala Sang omkhulu Tchaikovsky.

Malunga ekuqaleni yakhe isebenza Taneyev

Cantata "UIoan Damaskin" kwi kwisicatshulwa UTolstoy umqambi odumileyo, waza wayibiza ngokuba inani elinye kwincwadi engobomi yakhe yokudala. Oko kwenzeka ngo-1884.

Uhlobo Classical umculo cantata olwahlula umsebenzi mvumi. Ngomhla indalo le Russian imisebenzi Orthodox iphefumlelwe Bach cantatas. Ngokutsho kwisicwangciso oko Silungiselela ukuvulwa kaKristu uMsindisi; kodwa kamva kwafuneka utshintshe izicwangciso. Noko ke, lo msebenzi yentanda ubomi ibandla zombhali, owayephila kwiinkulungwane 17 18.

Ukususela mzuzu kwi wawuhlanganisa umculo weekwayara. Imisebenzi kwasuka umnqweno ukwenza umfanekiso ehlabathini, ukutyhila oko ubukhulu lwezoyilo omkhulukazi. cantata Enye Taneyev kaThixo "Emva kokufunda le ndumiso," nalo ke kwincopho ubuchule bakhe, kodwa wadala kamva.

opera kuphela - i trilogy "Oresteia" isekelwe phezu imisebenzi Aeschylus kubeka style antique nesakhiwo, nokusebenzisa oko umculo Russian. Malunga nokuqulunqwa kwenqaku opera wachitha iminyaka eli-10. Lisikwe ubonisa indlela ofuna Taneyev ethathwa imisebenzi yakhe. Kodwa umsebenzi eyodwa yaba ngesiquphe yaye ayenziwanga waqaphela, njengoko akakakwamkeli ukuqonda. Ukubonakalisa sobuntu, yahlukile ukusuka ezenzeka ngoku, umqambi eyayibulindile nentetho equkayo, ngohlobo izimvo yokuziphatha, igqibeleleyo. Lowo Taneev Sergey Ivanovich.

umsebenzi weekwayara umqambi yi isahluko ekhethekileyo ezibalulekileyo ngobomi bakhe. Ukudala imisebenzi weekwayara efana kwigumbi elahlukileyo, kwaye emanyeneyo imijikelo, yena ajike kwisihobe Tiutchev, Fet, Polonsky, Khomyakov, Balmont.

angxamele Creative ekudaleni umjikelo, nto leyo ithathwa phezulu umculo Russian weekwayara phantsi kwegama "Dvennadtsat ikwayala cappella lwemivuzo amazwi" kwakukho imibongo wembongi odumileyo Russian Yakova Petrovicha Polonskogo. Phambi kwakhe, umculo Russian zange wabona imisebenzi eziculwayo omkhulu kunye ezinkulu. Ngazo lwalo eziyintandabulumko, ubuntu bakhe azithanda, ububanzi kunye namandla ngezimvo yaye ibonisa italente-polyphonist olukhulu umqambi yakhe.

imisebenzi Stage emva komsebenzi kule Conservatory

Emva ukudluliselwa kwamagunya yoMlawuli 1889 Conservatory, V. Safronov Taneyev wambumba amaqhina wahlobana St. Petersburg iimvumi. Ilandelwa yi ixesha pre-olululo kwimbali lizwe, yaye abafundi abaninzi baye bathatha inxaxheba kuqhankqalazo. Taneyev sawachasa iminikelo yabo ngenxa yezi zenzo. Emva kokuphela imisebenzi yokufundisa Taneyev waqhubeka ukufundisa simahla, enika izifundo zabucala, ngenxa yokuba ingqalelo intlawulo bani ukhetho zeemvumi.

Embundwini womnyango wendlu kwinkulungwane yama-20 zasekwa ngumhlobo Tolstoy, kangangokuba wayedla ngokutyelela Yasnaya Polyana umqambi. Wada wahlala khona enikiweyo Tolstoy iphiko, basebenza, okona akuthandayo wechess. Ekupheleni komdlalo chess isiphukuphuku kwakufuneka enze umsebenzi wakhe ngohlobo funda-ngokuvakalayo okanye ukudlala ipiyano. Kodwa Tolstova waba uqhekeko usapho ngenxa kule ubuhlobo, ukuze Taneyev Ndandivakalelwa uvelwano umfazi zombhali. Kodwa wavakalisa ukuvelela umculo wathi wayesaphila emva kokufa konyana wakhe ngenxa yakhe. Kodwa umqambi ngokwakhe baziphatha ngeku njengesiqhelo, ngasese kwaye hayi unobangela ingxabano. I sisidwangube waba umphulaphuli nombulelo kusebenza, symphony, kodwa afune ubuhle kunye ezifanelekileyo ayikhange waphawula yi umqambi.

impilo Personal

Ngelo xesha linye umqambi wayengekho engenangqondo, kodwa waqina unothanda yaye ingqiqo oluhle ezihlekisayo. Wayesoloko idayari ngolwimi Esperanto babhala iingoma eziliqela kuyo. In Taneyev kwakhona ukuba uyamthanda umkakhe umzobi Benoit kaThixo, unina wabantwana abane. Ngokutsho imithetho ixesha mtshato ithetha ukutshintshwa liqabane abantwana, uyise. Taneyev kulo mba iminyaka eliqela yamsukela idrama, kuba ulwalamano kwadingeka uyeke.

anika umdla

Nomntwana Taneyev waselehlala nabo esebenza kwifama yakhe. Emva kokuba Ikonsathi abalandeli umsebenzi wakhe wamnika isidanga ngowakhe. Kubonakala ukuba umongikazi wasebenzisa bay amagqabi ukulungiselela ukupheka, kuba ngenye imini wathetha: ". Uya kubanika ikonsathi, Iziphelo bay leaf"

Eli libali kuhlekisa wafika kulo lonke Taneev Sergey Ivanovich kuphela. olunika umdla ezichazwe ngezantsi.

Xa wacebisa umfundi wabandezeleka butywala, esithi ukuba yimvumi elungileyo, kodwa uyagula. It Taneyev waphendula leyo umbuzo, nokuba na ixesha ukuze?

Oko kukhatshwa ngendlela ahlekisayo yobomi sele idlule Taneev Sergey Ivanovich. olunika umdla yobomi wayo kuluhlu ixesha elide.

ERashiya, kwakukho abantu abaninzi owayethanda kusela. Le mvumi wathabatha lo nokunyamezeleka. Wathi: "uphuza - oku kungenzeka na engxakini, nokunyoluka."

Ubuchule kwexesha kwinkulungwane yama-20 ekuqaleni

Symphony "C minor" kunye iimpawu symphony bulumko sanikezelwa Glazunov, ngubani ilawula ubusuku yakhe yokuqala. Xa iziko zesakhiwo sebali - uTshawe ombambazelayo, neengcambu isiphithiphithi yobomi kunye yintlekele yobomi. Evelayo emva kokuba Tchaikovsky Sixth Symphony, lo msebenzi ukuba ifakwe ngokuhambelana kwezinye symphony bukaBeethoven kunye Brahms.

Igalelo uhlobo yomculo weentambula, kwigumbi lomculo ukuchuma enikiweyo Taneev Sergey Ivanovich. Biography, imisebenzi abonisa ekuqaleni inguqu yenkcubeko lomculo lizwe. Kamva, le ulwalathiso saphuhliswa yi kwezinye banesibalo ixesha eSoviet. Iindlela kunye neendlela yokuvakalisa zaye phantsi selectivity. Le quartets kunye ensembles ukuba asebenzise isimbo polyphony, uphuhliso kakuhle umxholo. Yaba iingoma ezithandwayo, imiculo ezahlukeneyo.

Taneyev unika iikonsathi inxaxheba kubomi lomculo eMoscow. Ngowe-1910, umqambi Sergei Prokofiev oselula ufumana inkxaso yakhe xa uzama ukushicilela umsebenzi. iifoto Portrait kuloo minyaka zibonisa nomba yoyilo. Taneev Sergey Ivanovich, ogama iifoto ingabonwa kwinqaku, ukuzazisa yesizwe.

Isiphelo sobomi kunye nomsebenzi

A. Scriabin, umfundi umqambi wakhe, wafa ngo-1915. Sergei Taneyev weza emngcwabeni inengubo ekukhanyeni, kubangele kunomoya wafa kwiiveki ezimbalwa kamva. Esakubona umqambi weza lonke eMoscow. Oku uphela biography. Taneev Sergey Ivanovich, wafa eneminyaka engama-58.

isiphelo

igama Taneyev buyifanele nelitye phambi kumgangatho osezantsi Small Hall Conservatory. Yena ngokungathandabuzekiyo i Umqambi obalaseleyo, kwakunye izazinzulu asebenza isithuba uprofesa e Conservatory. yano Virtuoso ixesha lakhe Taneyev waba igcisa owaziwayo. Umsebenzi wakhe zahlukeneyo inemisebenzi uphawu ekupheleni romanticism kunye umqondiso, kwaye ibandakanya iintlobo ezininzi.

igalelo elikhulu inkcubeko Russian wenze Sergei Taneyev, ogama engobomi wakuva, uyakungqina oku. Yomxhaso indawo ekhethekileyo kumculo Russian kweenkulungwane 19-20, wabathimba ubuchule sakhe sengqondo nengaqhelekanga zobugcisa.