Umthetho isivumelwano njengesiseko kwelungelo European

Kule minyaka 10-20 yokugqibela kule ncwadi yomthetho idla wafumana elide njengoko umthetho yaseYurophu hlobo. Kuba ixesha lokuqala eli binzana ukuvela 50 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela, kodwa, nangona ukususela ngoko, its been iminyaka eliqela, phakathi izazinzulu akukho ukuqonda ngokufanayo le mbono. Ngoko ke, iindlela ukuqonda le iseti oluntsonkothileyo ngezenzeko zomthetho abaphengululi zomthetho ezahlukeneyo zahlukile kakhulu phakathi kwabo. Kunjalo, bambalwa bakuphikayo ukuba omnye iziseko ezingundoqo kule meko ezininzi lilungelo zezivumelwano.

Kakade ke, wesizwe ngokomthetho iinkqubo aseYurophu yamazwe amaninzi iinkalo akufani, ubukhulu becala ngenxa yenyaniso yokuba, ngokwembali, ezayilwa ngazo iziseko - Roman, Anglo-Saxon, kwisiJamani ... Noko ke, ukuvela kwe-European Union kunye ngokuya n'wina Ukudibana kule ndawo nezepolitiki yokuphila, kwaye kwezoqoqosho, kunye nokomelezwa imikhondo amaziko supranational ngakumbi kwinto yokuba imida phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zolawulo bucinyiwe myalelo nale fom uyahambelana, riobretaya zihlobene. Ukubakho kwendawo loo eqhelekileyo kwinkalo esemthethweni ingakumbi javujavu umthetho contract.

Kuqala kwinto zonke, eli gama lisetyenziswa ukubhekisela yonke ingqibelelo zezivumelwano phakathi kwamazwe ahlukeneyo aseYurophu, kuquka ngamazwe. Ngenxa yoko, sinokuthi kolu shishino ubudlelwane phakathi kwamazwe ilawulwa yimigaqo ngamazwe, kule meko amalungelo zengingqi. Nakuba kunjalo, kufuneka aguqule le nkqubo kundoqo eYurophu. Kwafuneka ukuba ukuqhelana omnye ezininzi umahluko, leyo unalo ilungelo kulo ngalunye kwezi iinkqubo zomthetho kazwelonke. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho uthumo olukhethekileyo kumisa, likhokelwa igqwetha odumileyo ukusuka Denmark ole Lund.

Ikomishoni kuqala zonke wathabatha oko waqalisa ukufunda ukuthelekisa zemveli kwilizwe ngalinye imigaqo esisiseko ukuze kuhlolwe ukuba ezifanele zokukhusela apha kwesi sikimu ngokubanzi esemthethweni ye-European Union. Ukulungiselela le njongo thina nabo ihlalutywe, zithi neziqalelo nezinye izivumelwano ukuphunyezwa iinkqubo ngophuhliso ehlabathini. Lo msebenzi ekuqaleni kwaba kuphela zemfundo, umlinganiswa lwenzululwazi, kodwa kwakhawuleza kwacaca ukuba iziqhamo nga kakuhle kakhulu isetyenziswe practice. Ngoko ke, ngo-1999, ziziphumo umsebenzi weKomishoni zabonakala yinxalenye mthetho EU. Ngoko ke, kwavela iMigaqo ka-European Contract Law.

Ngokufutshane ke ingashwankathelwa ngale ndlela ilandelayo. Okokuqala, isithembiso kusamele ukufezeka ngethuba lesivumelwano kunye nesiphelo yezibophelelo macala ukuze babonwe (pacta Sunt servanda). Ukongeza, umthetho isivumelwano, njengoko kuchaziwe kumgaqo-siseko, kufuneka iqela ngalinye ukubonisa ukuba sele yacaca injongo kunye olunzima ukugqiba ukuba esi sivumelwano, yaye kwelinye icala, ngokutsho "enezizathu" ukulindela kuyo ezinye izenzo ichazwe ngokucacileyo (bona fide ). Ke ekugqibeleni, ukuba isizathu ngasentla, le mvumelwano iya kuba semthethweni nokuba zezaluphi na uhlobo, kodwa ngendlela kuphothulwe ngokubhaliweyo okanye ngomlomo, kwaye ukusuka mzuzu xa ithe yanikezelwa lowo uthunyelwe.

Ngamanye amaxesha evela kwezi imigaqo nemilinganiselo zomthetho ukwabizwa ngokuba Commercial Code of the EU, ngenxa yokuba ubukhulu becala kusetyenziswa i-shishini ukulawula imisebenzi yezoqoqosho kunye zorhwebo. Abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba le ndlela yeMetro enkulu supranational, nto leyo ke European Union, ukuba ivuselelwe le imfundiso endala mercatoria lex. Ngayo, kwakunye neminye imithombo komthetho isivumelwano, inceda ukuba boyise imiqobo ethintela uphuhliso loqoqosho kunye zorhwebo ukuphucula, njengokuba iphakamiswe uMontesquieu kwakhona, "ukuziphatha izizwe."