Umgaqo-anti-bodwa Russian

Economy - isayensi okhethekileyo, kukho uhlobo uxolo ezingangqinelaniyo, iingxaki, ubunzima kunye nemithetho. Eli hlabathi emangazayo nezintsonkothileyo, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kuba open ngamnye kunye nokufikeleleka. Ngokukodwa abo onqwenela ukujoyina kwaye bathathe inxaxheba kule nkqubo.

Oku akusoloko uqoqosho uyakwazi ukuchaza ikhondo elithile kweziganeko, kodwa ukutyhila ingqiqo kwezoqoqosho.

Le inzululwazi ibutho labantu ezizimeleyo yaye sizabalazela ukuba bazimele kwezoqoqosho, kwakunye ukulungele ngokoqobo ngezitena ngu ngezitena ukwakha ezizezabo-ntle yabo yemali.

ubudlelwane Market kwilizwe lethu akulula. Kuhle, ukuba yaphuhliswa kwi-19 - kwenkulungwane yama-20, xa esekwe yorhwebo-mali kwegazi, ngenxa apho ngowe-1897 waqalisa umgangatho yegolide.

Eli nqaku lisekelwe kwisenzo kwimpucuko yehlabathi, kwakunye iimpumelelo kwithiyori ezoqoqosho. Apha ingqalelo umgaqo-nkqubo antitrust karhulumente, indima kunye neempawu zayo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, umxholo ungxamisekile yaye kubaluleke kakhulu.

nkqubo Antitrust zikarhulumente ubandakanya zombini ezicacileyo kunye kumaziko theory, esingethe umbandela izinto ucikizeko lwezi lodwa yemarike, ie, of ukhuphiswano abangafezekanga. Kananjalo intengiso bodwa zendalo kunye nokusebenza yommiselo karhulumente.

Iinkalo eziphambili nkqubo khuphiswano ummiselo anti-bodwa kumacandelo zimeko ze abadibeneyo yendalo, nto leyo kakhulu ngokusondeleyo ziyadibana imfundiso kwezoqoqosho abadla bodwa, kwakunye esinakho yendalo.

Phi njengoko bekungekho mithetho-anti-bodwa kunye ummiselo antitrust?

Ngenxa yethuba yokulahleka ntle ngokubanzi isuka ummiselo antitrust. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba uninzi iimeko zinzima yomsebenzi kunye nophuhliso izimvo malunga khuphiswano. Ukuze simelane ukuvela lwabathengisi ezintsha eziphambili kunye ukulawula indlela aziphatha ngayo - ingxaki kulula kakhulu kunokuba ukuqinisekisa ukufikelela ngokulinganayo nxaxheba kwimarike izibonelelo ezikhuthaza ukhuphiswano onamandla, njl

Esinakho and Ukhuphiswano

Njengokuba sisazi, le intsebenziswano yonikezelo kunye nemfuno okhoyo emalikeni. Zombini abathengi nabathengisi bacebisane impahla ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa kwi nokhuphiswano ezininzi iimarike kwisistim lobudlelwane emarikeni. Indlela elisombulula ezininzi iingxaki zoqoqosho loluntu - ukhuphiswano. Ukususela igama Latin eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "ubuso" okanye "idibane". umnini abadla bodwa yeyona inkulu ligubungela inxalenye enkulu indawo lemalike zokuxhobisa.

Ukukhuselwa yoKhuphiswano weMonopoly

I ngakumbi ubukho bezinto abadibeneyo ezahlukeneyo kwimarike kuyehla kube yoko single elamkeleke jikelele - ukusekwa ixabiso urhwebo elizimeleyo. Xa imithetho efanayo ezithi zibonise ukuxhomekeka kweendleko ukuveliswa nemfuneko, lalibhekisela.

Kumazwe aphuhlileyo, ukulwa lodwa karhulumente. Kwaye ke umsebenzi eziphambili olawula antimonopoly ingqalelo ukukhuselwa kukhuphiswano ukusuka zicinezelwa iimonopoli kunye ukunciphisa amandla kwiinkampani abadla bodwa, nto leyo ziyalela abathengi amanqanaba yakhe ixabiso.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-Russian Federation mveliso lubalaseleyo angafaka isicelo iindidi ezintathu, ezifana ixesha kuvunyelwe bodwa zendalo.

Inkxaso ukhuphiswano kunye anti-ulawulo lomgaqo-nkqubo

Isiseko yomthetho malunga nokhuseleko kukhuphiswano Russia - umthetho "Kwi ukhuphiswano kunye isithintelo yomsebenzi monopolistic kwiimarike emveliso". Kuye kwamkelwa ngo-1991 kwaye iye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ixhaswa yaye itshintshileyo ukususela ngoko. umgaqo Antitrust kunye neenkqubo ukubulawa - amasiko nezithethe kumazwe ahlukeneyo, amava angaphambili yolawulo karhulumente ubomi kwezoqoqosho.

imigaqo-nkqubo ngamnye okukhulu ukuxhasa khuphiswano - ukuthintela ukhuphiswano sikweni. Isisekelo - ufifi kukhuphiswano oqhelekileyo, sithembele akhuselwe kwaye ucacise ngqo onjani ubunini.

Policy Antimonopoly eRashiya wathwala umzimba ithe inani utshintshwano ngoSeptemba 1998. Ngenxa yoko, iKomiti Antimonopoly State labizwa ngokuba Ministry of the Russian Federation ukuxhasa ezoshishino yaye nkqubo khuphiswano. Kwaye spring 2004 kwagqitywa similise okwaloo Federal Antimonopoly Service.