Units ulwazi

Unit ekhoyo kuzo zonke entsimini imisebenzi yabantu njenge eqhelekileyo umlinganiselo elingana nantoni na. Umqulu, ubude kunye nobunzima - yeyona ixhaphakileyo zikhona. On kumazwekazi ezahlukeneyo, ngeelwimi ezahlukeneyo, nokuba unqulo, sisebenzisa yokulinganisa efanayo ithetha. Kuba indoda iluncedo, efikelelekayo noluqondakalayo, ayithethi ukuba naliphi na inyathelo eliza kutshintshwa, nto leyo ngokufuthi ekhokelela iimpazamo.

Ngokufika kwe-computer ebomini bomntu, kukwakho nemfuneko ukwenza iyunithi enye inkcazelo nobungakanani. Ewe, ezifana ukuba kwanobo Chinese, kwaye American, kunye nayiphi na enye ikhompyutha ehlabathini. Zonke program zehlabathi umcandisa njengolwimi eqhelekileyo. Ngoko kwakukho isuntswana i logarithm yokubini.

Bit - unit ulwazi ngokulinganayo iinkcukacha manani kunye nokuthabatha amanani amabini kuphela "kwi" yaye "off" (ekuthiwa 1 0). Kwikhompyutha uku encoder oonobumba IsiNgesi, amathandathu amasuntswana kwanele, kodwa ngenxa yokuba baqonda ukuba yinkqubo entsonkothileyo kakhulu lokuprograma uya kufuna umthamo kakhulu iiyunithi iinkcukacha ezithe abolekwe lesiLatini isimaphambili kwimathematika. Badinga kwi computer - yinto ukubetha sombane inikezelwa ukusuka post umyalelo ukuya esilawulayo kunye angxamele lwamacala ngokwawo umsebenzi owenziwayo. 0 no 1 phatha ngayo Amanzi ombane ezahlukeneyo. Konke oku kwenzeka kwi kwisantya aphezulu, simthelekisa ukutshintshwa kwengcaciso phakathi ingqondo nemithambo neziphelo emzimbeni womntu.

Zonke iilwimi lwenkqubo ebotshelelwe code yokubini. Amafoto idluliselwa elektroniki, imidlalo kunye nayiphi na inkqubo software, ulawulo lwemveliso imishini - zonke ukusebenzisa iiyunithi inkcazelo efanayo - bit.

Lonke apha naphaya pulses chain ukwakha ulwazi olutsha umlinganiselo weyunithi: bytes, kilobits, kilobytes, megabits, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes, PB njalo njalo.

Byte kuzakuthathwa amasuntswana ezisibhozo kwaye unalo igama yesibini - octet njengoko kwimbali computer kukho izisombululo njenge bit-6 bytes kunye bit-32, kodwa isisombululo software kuphela kwezinye iinkampani kuphuculo iyunithi ulwazi akaninikanga iziphumo eneziqhamo. Kodwa ephambili i byte bit ezisibhozo-, ngoko igama eliqhelekileyo "octet".

Ukuququzelela nokuphathwa kolwazi, inani leeyunithi zolwazi okubhalwe kuhlobo table evunyiweyo ngokukodwa Unicod, kunye nezinye iintlobo ikhowudi usebenzisa OS okanye enye Windows. Nganye tafile isetyenziselwa injongo eyenzelwe yona. Kuba umfanekiso emnyama namhlophe usebenzisa i-8-bit inkqubo yokubini, kunye nombala sele bit-24. Ukubhala itekisi naluphi na ulwimi ehlabathini ukusebenzisa 16 bit-UNICOD ngokwaneleyo.

Okwangoku, i umsebenzisi-avareji ifumaneka unit esikhulu solwazi njenge ulinganiso lweenkcukacha ezinkulu tasam - loo nto gigabytes 1.024, leyo zenza, nayo, 1024 gigabytes. Ukuba phinda ngo-1024, sifumana inani megabytes enza ulinganiso lweenkcukacha ezinkulu enye. Ukuba phindo elula kwaqhubeka de unit sokuqala, ngoko vula ngosuku lokuqala, nayiphi na ikhaltyhuleyitha kungahlali. Oku kuya kuba inani iikhowudi yokubini ukuba efunekayo ukugcwalisa lo mqulu.

Enyanisweni, abenzi abaninzi amacandelo asetyenziswe kunikezelo intsingiselo yokoqobo lwezimaphambili kilo, kwaza Giga. Oku kukhokelela ekubeni ineempazamo nenkohliso ngakuntsonkotha. Oko kukuthi, le disk onzima 1 ulinganiso lweenkcukacha ezinkulu emzimbeni ungagcina abangama-950 megabytes lwe data. uluntu kwikhompyutha iye wanikela elide indlela lingafuni.

Izimaphambili kilo, mega, njalo njalo sihlale kunye imiba yazo yesiqhelo. Kilo - iwaka, musa ukusebenzisa - million. Ukuze izixhobo zekhompyutha ukusebenzisa kakuhle lingabali ayikho 1000, yaye 1024. Igama naye yasungulwa - KIBI. Oko kukuthi, izimaphambili echanekileyo multipliers zezi: kibi-, mibi- nangaphaya.