Uphi na lo udakada? Imilinganiselo: izinga kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana

Udakada - umzimba iminyaka emininzi njengento rudiment, oyidingayo iyinto engenamsebenzi yexesha elidlulileyo. Le ukungaqondi kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni kangangexesha elithile ngokubonakalayo udakada lususiwe njengoko i appendix. Kodwa amaxesha tshintsha, kwaye ngoku kuyacaca ukuba umgangatho wobomi ngaphandle udakada ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuwa. Kodwa yintoni na eli lungu twisiseni? Apho kwaye yintoni imisebenzi?

iimpawu ngokubanzi

Abantu abaninzi ndoqhayisa ulwazi apho udakada ebantwini. Le ebekwe kancinane ukuya ekhohlo ngaphezu esiswini - kwi ikota yesangqa ephezulu ekhohlo. Ubunzima udakada esempilweni womntu omdala ngesiqhelo ekwi kuluhlu ka 150-200 grams. Le nomzimba ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwiPhulo kwegazi - ngokuqhubekayo kungenela singenelayo malunga 200 ml yegazi. Ngokwendalo, oku nje. Xa spleen kukho iimpawu ezininzi kabani ukubaluleka ayikwazi nemikhuba.

Kule imeko eqhelekileyo, eli gunya Nongawuthabathiyo indawo eninzi. Enye indlela yokwazi ukuba udakada wakho esempilweni - ubukhulu. abadala oluqhelekileyo malunga 8-15 cm ubude kwaye 6-9 cm ububanzi. isifo spleen badla kunokubangela ukunyuka kakhulu ubukhulu bayo. Kakade ke, ngaphandle lo mzimba engaqhelekanga ngayo ubomi. Kodwa ingaba ubomi kanye njengokuba olungileyo nje ngaphambili? No. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba abantu ngaphandle udakada usengozini kwizifo wentsholongwane egazini, ngaphezu lowo uye wagcina lo mzimba ezibalulekileyo. Ukhula ngokomlinganiselo emzimbeni wethu, ngoko ke ubungakanani udakada ebantwaneni zixhomekeke yobudala kunye nokukhula. Ngokomzekelo, ukususela kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya ku-7, ubude umndilili umzimba-65 mm kunye ububanzi malunga nama-50 mm.

Udakada unoxanduva into

Kwathi kanti, umzimba ekuthiwa obungamampunge ngokwenene ezisebenza ezahlukeneyo zemisebenzi amayeza ngokusesikweni elidlulileyo khange nokumazi. Omnye wemisebenzi udakada - zokwanda igazi ukuze bamphose kuyo mzuzu amandla ulumandla okanye ukopha kakhulu. In ingakumbi iimeko kakhulu kweli dama, kukho betekisi iiseli kwegazi abomvu, ndingowenzala apho lusoloko egcinwe ngaphakathi kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo.

Spleen rhoqo okucoca igazi ubuthi nokususa, iintsholongwane eziyingozi kunye nenkunkuma egazi abomvu. Ezinzulwini yawo, kufuneka yahlulwe amacandelo, ezinye aqukiweyo ukuyilwa iiseli ezibomvu, yaye ezinye intsimbi ekufakwa kwiindawo zokugcina ezizodwa. Kwakhona eqalisiweyo lymphocyte udakada kunye antibodies bekuchasa arhente isifo wonke umzimba.

isakhiwo

Isambuku udakada - ebomvu ido- ukubanjwa ngenxa tyazham nokuqina. It eqonda inani enkulu neempahla, ezo iiseli igazi, elindele Isiphelo sakhe. Oku yabonakala mazwe iiseli zegazi lixesha kunye namaqumrhu angaphandle ezibanjiweyo. Ukuba le nkqubo ifuna isidlo ngakumbi igazi, le udakada zayincedayo inikeza ukusuka kwiitanki zabo. Wakha wavakalelwa ukunciphisa intlungu ecaleni lakhe lasekhohlo ngoxa ibaleka okanye eminye imisebenzi emzimbeni? Oku kubonisa ukuba iinxalenye udakada angene egazini inxenye isityhwentywe semali kwegazi, ukuze ukwenza ubomi bakho lula.

Ukongeza yintlama obomvu, kukho kwakhona emhlophe, ezisebenza umsebenzi eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. It "ukuvuthwa" lymphocyte ukuvelisa antibodies akhusela umzimba arhente zasemzini. Kungenxa yoko le nto abantu abaye sisuse eli lungu luncedo, ngokufuthi ubunzima ngenxa yezifo.

umzimba unique

Udakada - indawo kuphela emzimbeni womntu, apho kukho flow yegazi ivulekile. Zonke iinkqubo enye igazi uphawu ezivaliweyo. Kodwa ukuze kujongwane ngempumelelo kunye nokugcinwa imiqulu ezinkulu igazi, udakada lisebenza isiponji. imithambo yakhe yegazi kunye emithanjeni bathulula ngqo kwi kwizihlunu zomzimba ukufunxa igazi ngoxa ekwandiseni. Olu phawu ikuvumela ukuba ukuqokelela imali ebonakalayo igazi, xa kukho imfuneko.

Umzekelo, ukuba adjudged ukuba isixa esikhulu ityhefu emzimbeni, baya kuqalisa inokuqokelelana udakada, elinde iiseli zokhuselo niya kukuqonda kuzo. Kwezinye izifo, umzimba usempilweni iyavuleka kakhulu kangangokuba kufuneka isuswe. Kodwa ayisoloko ukususwa udakada kukhokelela yoko kakuhle, maxa wambi kuyo uwuthi kakhulu.

Nomonzakalo kwakunye nomonakalo

Kakade ke, enye yeempawu ezibalulekileyo apho ukuhlola udakada - ubukhulu. Ummiselo abadala kukuba ekupheleni ukuze ngokupheleleyo kuyikhusela. A intwana encinane umzimba gentle kuhlala undisguised ngokupheleleyo, eyenza umonakalo kunokwenzeka. Xa kukwenzakala okubi splenic lunokwenzeka, nto leyo eya kukhokelela yophela lwangaphakathi kakhulu. Kunokuba abe ubomi emngciphekweni, ngoko kwiimeko ezinjalo umzimba unelishwa kufuneka isuswe. ido- bethunga eqwengiweyo cishe kungenakwenzeka, njengoko kwinyama bakhe ubuncwane eqwengiweyo naziphi na iinzame ukuba ungayingeni indaba.

Ngokubanzi, isibindi kunye udakada ifuna isilumkiso, ngenxa yokuba ezinye zezi imizimba ethe-ethe, enyanisweni, akukho ikhuselwe. Ngenxa yoku, kusoloko kukho ingozi yokwenzakala enye isihluzo ibalulekileyo umzimba wethu. Ngaphandle spleen Abantu ukuze baphile kakuhle, kwaye isibindi linamandla amangalisayo ukuntshula, kodwa engamelanga siyazilibala ukuba umzimba wethu - ziyindlela ezintsonkothileyo. Ukuba ubuncinane omnye iinxalenye zayo ilahlekile okanye yonakele, ephazamisa yonke le nkqubo.

Izifo spleen

isifo Primary yomzimba kwenzeka kunqabile, iingxaki ezisisiseko lokuhambisa izifo kanye eziziisekondari yanxulunyaniswa nomonakalo kwamanye amalungu omzimba okanye iintsholongwane. Le spleen owenza zokhuselo umsebenzi gqolo okucoca igazi, ulibaziseko kwaye akubikho izinto eziyingozi. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha usulelo kukhulu kakhulu ukuze ukwazi ukumelana nayo. Kwiimeko apho izinga yokuzisusa udakada ngaphaya usuleleko, yena abe lixhoba eziphilayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ngokwaneleyo ukuze ukunyanga esi sifo, ukuze umzimba lokucoca wabuyela eziqhelekileyo, kuphela kwiimeko ezininzi kakhulu zingafuna ungenelelo yotyando.

Spleen ngokwayo kunqabile kuzisa iingxaki kumnini, kodwa iimeko ezinjalo kwenzeka ukususela amaxesha ngamaxesha yezonyango. Ngokomzekelo, njengoko kwaba, isifo sentliziyo - ingxaki semvelo kungekuphela entliziyweni. Ezo engxakini kwenzeka udakada, ngoba ngayo rhoqo isebenza isixa elininzi igazi. Kwakhona, kukho iimeko necrosis ye inwebu ido- ngenxa kwizifo ezosulelayo, ekhohlo ngaphandle kolawulo. kuyaphela mass inokubangela cyst kule ndawo, ingakumbi xa kukho utyekelo indyebo yalo.

splenectomy

Ikhrayitheriya ngalo ezininzi eziqhele ukufunyanwa ingxaki udakada - imilinganiselo. abadala oqhelekileyo 15 cm ubude kwaye akukho ngaphezulu kwe-9 cm ububanzi. Kakade ke, bekuya kuba bubudenge ukususa lo mzimba luncedo xa incinane yokugula kwakhe, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ayikwazi choosers.

Splenectomy, okanye inkqubo asuse udakada, oluqhutywa kwiimeko apho imisebenzi yayo ezisongela ubomi babantu. Umzekelo, umsebenzi onjalo ngamanye amaxesha luncedo kubantu abanengxaki kubekho inani eliphunguliweyo zegazi egazini. Emva splenectomy, igazi ekunqandeni uqalisa ukuphucula.

igazi ukubatshabalalisa izinto ezinobungozi - elinoxanduva oko udakada. Ngoko ke, ukuba omnye amalungu ekufuphi nto, watsho ithumba, ngoko unyango okanye ukususwa angafuna splenectomy. Ngapha koko, le udakada luyakha inani elifanelekileyo leeseli ithumba, nto leyo kuchaphazela ubume okanye yiya kwi uhambo olude ngomzimba. Esinye isizathu sokuba ukususwa umzimba ukuzeka kade umsindo - iingozi. Buyisela i spleen ezonakeleyo kunzima kakhulu, ngoko kudingeke ukuba ayibulale.

Indlela ukunakekela

Ukuba umzimba gentle enjalo waziva okulungileyo, kufuneka uphephe iingozi, ukulondoloza nokukhusela ukususela umonakalo kunokwenzeka. Naliphi na ukuwa okanye ngesibetho ukuya udakada kungabangela ukopha kakhulu ngaphakathi. Ukuba umntu yokwenzakala onjalo swi nga pfuna ngexesha, imiphumo inokuba enkulu kakhulu, kompu.

Ukuba usebenzisa okanye uhlangabezana eminye imisebenzi yomzimba, kubalulekile kakhulu kukulungelelanisa ngazo izingqisho eziyindalo udakada. Kwincopho umsebenzi wayo ezenzekayo lekhefu ukususela kwiiyure ezili-10 ukuya kwele-12, lelona xesha lifanelekileyo ukwenza umsebenzi emzimbeni. Ke phakathi 22 no-24 iiyure - holide le udakada, akukho mfuneko kwakhona ukuba ziphazamise kuye ngeli thuba.

ngomhlaba ezintsha

Kwinkulungwane edluleyo, udakada yayigqalwa lwesiko okungeyomfuneko nkqu izikhanyiso zezona ngcali zinetalente inzululwazi akakwazi ukubonisa umsebenzi wayo. Namhlanje kwabonisa ukuba umzimba negalelo elikhulu ebomini bomntu. Eyona bemfuno eyenziwe ngawo uzimisele ukuba udakada uphilile - ngobukhulu. Ummiselo abadala ukuba kakhulu ngaphaya ngaphandle nobungozi kwimpilo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ilungeniselo umzimba ayisoloko kungakhokelela ukususwa bakhe oogqirha bayaqonda ukuba ngokufuthi oko kuphela njengokubonisa nezinye izifo. Ixesha uza kukuxelela indlela ezazizininzi ngayo ulwazi onalo ngoku udakada. Enye into icacile - lo mzimba emangalisayo walungisa ngathi izimanga ezininzi.