Uthotho lezibuko ne ukufaneleka kwayo

Ngoku ukuva ibinzana 'amazibuko kwi khompyutha ", awufuni dingi ukuba uye iivenkile okukhethekile, okanye umnini-computer. Ngapha koko, nkqu abafundi bezikolo zaseprayimari zazi kakuhle kulo mbandela.

Amagama "izibuko" indoda idla zimelwe awumise kunye milenge eliphezulu apho iinqanawa ezinkulu abangena, iimveliso beninikela ukulayisha kweempahla. Xa computer engineering igalelo output port yenye iintlobo isinxulumanisi sezixhobo zekhompyutha eyenzelwe ukudibanisa izixhobo zangaphakathi neuropathy ukuya data motherboard ibhasi. Ukususela imbonakalo iikhompyutha zokuqala ziye ecetywayo inani elikhulu lala mazibuko ezahlukeneyo eziya kwahluka zombini nokuphunyezwa ngokwasemzimbeni kunye Iprotocol eyoqobo esetyenzisiweyo. Abanye baye wasinda kwaye zisetyenziswa nanamhlanje. Umzekelo, i-serial port, abenzi abaninzi motherboard kwakhona unsoldering kwi iimveliso zabo.

Yintoni na kuphawuleka kangaka? Yokudlulisa emgudu munye uthotho lezibuko (ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa COM, ukusuka IsiNgesi. ILizwi «Communications») wabonakala imifanekiso yokuqala IBM-ehambelanayo computer. Isetyenziswa ukudibanisa iimpuku, imodem kunye nezinye izixhobo peripheral, kwaye umbutho (efunekayo cable null-imodem), elula inethiwekhi phakathi kweekhompyutha ezimbini. Enye yezinto ezilungileyo ubephethwe uthotho lezibuko na lula ukuphunyezwa hardware ne-software.

Emzimbeni, oko imelwe 9 okanye 25-pin isinxibelelanisi. transmission Data lwenzeka kulo kancinci kancinci, ngokulandelelana (ngokuzenzekelayo, owesibini ke igama). Umthetho olandelwayo ngokuxhomekeke kuwo nawuphi na ixesha imida lekhefu phakathi zonke amasuntswana-16 (2 bytes). Ngenxa kule inkalo, uthotho lezibuko wambi ebizwa emgudu munye.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ulwazi isantya sebhithi nangoku kulawulwa. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo yokuqalisa hardware umgangatho, izinga bavunyelwe 115.200 ibhithi yesibini (bps) nganye, nangona iinkqubo uqobo Windows ukuba zamntu ayiphelelanga 9600 (umsebenzisi ungenza uhlengahlengiso kumphathi ifowuni). Ngokungafaniyo nezinye ujongano thotho lamazibuko (USB, Ucingo lomlilo) amasuntswana ziqokelelwa zibe iipakethi, ize idluliselwe izabelo.

A interface USB eqhelekileyo iye yaqaliswa ngenjongo lokugxothwa ukusuka lentengiso ukwaluphala COM ezibuko (RS-232C). Eli nyathelo lokulwa, ekubeni isantya ugqithiso lwedata isiya kwi iintlobo ezininzi eyayinemveliso sebhawudi 921.600 kuphela, oko akwanelanga (uthelekisa USB kunye 480 Mb / s). Le ethile yesibini - akunakwenzeka ukuba uqhagamshelwano "shushu": ukuzama ukudibanisa ifowuni uthotho lezibuko xa ikhompyutha isebenza yabangela kwimeko kakhulu kukungakwazi ukusebenza ngenxa yokungabikho Plug & Dlala zobuchwepheshe, yaye okubi - ukusilela zombini lesixhobo kunye esisebenza COM port kwi motherboard (ikhadi ukwanda).

Ngenxa yoko, kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo, zonke amakhadi ezikhutshiweyo musa ukuba izibuko COM, njengoko eye yenzeka PS / 2 no AGP. Nangona kunjalo, inani elikhulu peripherals ezikhoyo yenzelwe ukusebenza kunye nothotho lwentetho yezibuko, ngenkani abenzi ukuyibuyisela COM kwaye nkqu LPT (parallel). Ngokuqinisekileyo, abasebenzisi abaninzi baye kubo "enkosi". Emva ezibengezelayo ukuba i-satellite ngoku akukho mfuneko yokuba khangela ikhompyutha endala okanye ukuthenga amaqhoshana ungakhululekanga, inverters. Ngaphezu koko, program ezininzi nazo ukusebenza nge uthotho lezibuko, njengoko iinkqubo zokulawula ukubhala akubangeli nzima kakhulu kuye.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba abaninzi namhlanje peripherals ukuze isebenze ngokuchanekileyo kwindlela yokusebenza emulates a port COM. Oku mobile phones, oonomathotholo, zombini Bluetooth , kunye nabanye. Kakade ke, iimpawu uyezibuko virtual iphezulu kakhulu ngakumbi ukuqaliswa eqhelekileyo.