UViktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov, Russian umgxeki loncwadi, ngeelwimi: engobomi, umsebenzi

Ezolimi zasekhaya akunakwenzeka ukuba ukucinga ngaphandle sisazinzulu ebalulekileyo efana uViktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov. Ngeelwimi, umphengululi yoncwadi, indoda erudition encyclopaedic, uye washiya uphawu ebonakalayo ekufundiseni ulwimi Russian, uye wenza lukhulu uphuhliso kwicala lezingluntu mihla laza laqeqesha kwabeMi oosonzululwazi abanetalente.

ekuqaleni wendlela

UViktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov wazalwa ngo January 12, 1895 kwi Zaraysk umbingeleli usapho. Ngowe-1930, ingcinezelo kayise, waza wafa elubhacweni ku Kazakhstan. Umama, baya kungena ekuthinjweni kunye nomyeni wakhe, wafa, naye. Le ntsapho bakwazi ukwakha iinkanuko a Victor kunamandla kwezemfundo. Ngowe-1917 waphumelela Institute of nje ezimbini eSt Petersburg: ezeMbali kunye Philology (Zubov) kunye zakudala.

Indlela zeSayensi

UViktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov njengomfundi wabonisa utyekelo zenzululwazi ezikrelekrele. Ngokukhawuleza emva kwiziko lakhe bayamenywa ukuba baqhubeke ukwenza zenzululwazi Petrograd Institute, aqhubana yokuqala kwimbali kwahlukahlukana ibandla, uthi uphando. Ngelo xesha, kuya kuthabatha Academician of wechess, Owubonayo amandla omkhulu sisazinzulu abaselula bayikhangele loo Vinogradov wafumana inkxaso-mali yokufunda ukuze ukulungiselela ithisisi iincwadi Russian. Ngowe-1919, wabhala phantsi kokhokelo Shakhmatova thesis yenkosi yakhe phezu kwimbali isandi [b] ngentetho North-Russian. Emva koko, yena unikwa ithuba lokuba uprofesa e Petrograd Institute, kwesi sikhundla, wasebenza kangangeminyaka eli-10. Emva kokufa Shakhmatov ngo-1920, uViktor ufumana umcebisi entsha umntu yolwimi amanqugwala L. V. Scherby.

Impumelelo ukuhlalutya uncwadi

Vinogradov ngoxa sishumayela Ezolimi kunye zezifundo zoncwadi. Imisebenzi yakhe sezisaziwa kwizangqa ebanzi Petrograd nezazi. Wabhala inani imisebenzi umdla ye indlela ababhali Russian omkhulu Alexander Pushkin, FM Dostoevsky, NS Leskov, NV Gogol. Ngaphandle isimbo, waba nomdla kuphononongo inkalo zembali lwemisebenzi yoncwadi. Ikhupha indlela yaso uphando, nto leyo esekelwe phezu nomtsalane ebanzi lwemeko yezembali zophononongo awayebalasele umsebenzi wokubhala. Waziva kubalulekile ukufunda ezichaphazela kwesimbo yombhali, nto leyo eya kunceda ukungena nzulu injongo yombhali. Vinogradov kamva ukudala imfundiso iyavisisana malunga umfanekiso lombhali kunye neendid yombhali zesimbo, leyo ekwahlukaneni kweendlela, uncwadi kunye Ezolimi.

ukutshutshiswa kangangeminyaka

Ngowe-1930, uViktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov waya eMoscow, apho wafika wasebenza kwiiyunivesithi ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa ngo-1934 wabanjwa kwi ebizwa ngokuba "Sendlela Slavic." Phantse ngaphandle Vinogradov uphando kuthinjelwa Vyatka, apho aya kubamba iminyaka emibini, ngoko ke uvumelekile ukuba uye Mozhaisk kwaye avumele ukuba afundise eMoscow. Uza kuphila kunye nomfazi wakhe ngokungemthetho, ngokubeka zombini emngciphekweni.

Ngowe-1938, yena kuvunywe ukuba afundise, kodwa emva kokuba UViktor wabhala ileta eya Stalin, wabuyela mvume lokuhlala eMoscow kunye nelungelo kusebenza eMoscow. sekudlule ngokwentelekiso ngokuzolileyo iminyaka emibini, kodwa xa waqala kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, Vinogradova, njengoko njengento ongathembekanga, zithunyelwa Tobolsk, apho aya kuhlala de zehlobo lika-1943. Yonke le minyaka, phezu kwazo nje iimeko zokuphila amahlwempu kunye nokoyika ukuhlala ubomi bakhe, Victor V. uyaqhubeka. Wabhala imbali amagama athile kwi njengezithole ezincinane kwabo archive ISAZINZULU wafumana eninzi. Ukuphela kwemfazwe, ubomi Vinogradov kwaphucuka, waza wabuyela eMoscow, yaye abaninzi baqalisa ukusebenza enemveliso.

Ezolimi njenge enabizwa

UViktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov sele iphumelele ingqalelo emhlabeni wonke Ezolimi. izinto zakhe uphando likuloo mmandla ulwimi Russian, wadala isikolo sakhe lwesayensi, leyo yayisekelwe kwimbali ngaphambili Ezolimi Russian kwaye kuvula amathuba inkcazo kunye systematization lolwimi. Igalelo lakhe philology Russian mkhulu kakhulu.

Vinogradov bakha ithiyori ye negrama yolwimi Russian, ezisekelwe kwiimbono Shakhmatov, waba ithiyori malunga izigaba zentetho, leyo was phambili kumsebenzi osisiseko "Le zale mihla Russian." Unomdla kulo msebenzi wakhe ulwimi yintsomi, leyo ukudibanisa ubuncwane Ezolimi kunye zezifundo zoncwadi ze uvumele ingqiqo enzulu kumsebenzi nesimbo yombhali. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yelifa ngenzululwazi imisebenzi xa ugxekwa yobhalo, lexicology ne-lexicography, yena wakhetha iintlobo ezisisiseko intsingiselo lungelelanisa, wadala ngobhalo phraseology. Le Isazinzulu yaba lilungu leqela zokuyila magama kwizifundo zolwimi Russian.

umsebenzi obalaseleyo

oososayensi Eminent ukusuka kwindawo ebanzi iimfuno zenzululwazi badla ukudala imisebenzi ebalulekileyo kwiindawo ezininzi, ezifana ukuba Vinogradov kunye noViktor. "Ulwimi Russian. theory ngokwegrama igama elithi "kunye" Ngomhla ulwimi iincwadi "," Kwi iprozi "- ezi kunye neminye imisebenzi baninzi abazisa uzuko sisazinzulu kunye nophando ubunakho isimbo, igrama kunye uhlalutyo loncwadi zidityanisiwe. Mkhulu kakhulu umsebenzi ke zange lupapashwe ethi "Imbali amazwi 'ukuba uV Vinogradov wabhala ebomini.

Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yelifa lakhe iqulathe izifundo kwi syntax ethi "Ukusuka kwimbali nasekufundweni lwesivakalisi Russian" yaye "Key izindululo imibuzo kwezivakalisi 'kwaphawula ukuphela Vynohradiv igrama, apho wachaza iintlobo eziphambili iziphakamiso, iintlobo ezichongiweyo umongo syntactic.

Umsebenzi we-nzulu wawongwa Prize State of the USSR.

umsebenzi wokufunda

Vinogradov UViktor Vladimirovich, ogama engobomi belusoloko enxulumene nenzululwazi academic, omninzi umsebenzi echumayo. Ukususela 1944 ukuya 1948 yena umphathi Faculty of Philology of Moscow State University, kwangolu '23 okhokelwa isebe lolwimi Russian. Ngowe-1945 wonyulwa i academician of the Academy of Sciences waseUSSR, bephumelele ehambelana ilungu. Ukususela ngo-1950, iminyaka 4, uye likhokelwa i-Institute of Ezolimi of the Academy of Sciences USSR. Kwaye ngo 1958 Academician uViktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov waba yintloko Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences waseUSSR, nto leyo eza kukhokelwa ngaphezu kwekhulu kwekota. Ukongeza, oosonzululwazi bekwi kwizikhundla zikarhulumente zemfundo ezininzi, waba ilungu, ilungu Wawongwa zezifundiswa ezininzi amazwe kunye uprofesa e Prague kunye Budapest neeyunivesithi.

wafela VV Vinogradov Oktobha 4, 1969 eMoscow.