Veps - Finno-Ugric abantu abahlala Karelia. ubuzwe Veps

Kumaxesha amandulo, nangaphambi kokuba nokuxubana empuma (Novgorod) wangena imimandla eselumelwaneni, ilizwe elikhulu ezihlala icala langasezantsi iintlanga Lake Onega sonke isizwe waphila. Kukho uluvo article malunga igama le ndlu: yamandulo "bonke" liye imvelaphi efanayo njengoko igama Veps mihla. Ixesha ngokwaneleyo elide zempilo aba bantu wababiza Chud, Chukharev kunye kayvanami. abameli balo singcwaba izalamane zabo emihadini phantsi komhlaba okanye bakhelwe "izindlu ukufa 'zabo - isethi encinane phezu kwendlu log.

Bend - uhlanga, abamele Finnish iqela ulwimi yentsapho phambene kwaye bazijonge amasebe Karelian. Izalamane abakhulu ulwimi Karelian, isiFinnish, Izhora.

imbali Vepsians

Akukho inkcazelo eninzi malunga ngembali Veps. Lidla akukho lwazi malunga ubomi babo ngenxa kangangeenkulungwane.

Oku kubangelwa ikakhulu yokuba zonke izizwe yamandulo babehlala ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ibekwe phakathi amachibi, imilambo kunye imigxobhozo ehlathini. iiklasi ezolimo akwanelanga ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu nzima ukusebenza nako ukuzixhasa. Ngoko ke, ayilolongezo omkhulu kuye okuloba. Veps nabo benza ukuqokelela izipho ehlathini. Phakathi esitokisini emizini umlimi owned yindawo ebalulekileyo:

• iintlanzi;
• iintaka umdlalo;
• oboya;
• cranberries;
• obude.

Zazisetyenziswa kungekuphela nje ukutya. Inani elikhulu kwezi zizwe isitokhwe abahlali basiwa mboniso umzi. Apho, kutshintshiselwano aba bantu abo uhlanga Veps, ezafumana isixa esikhulu isonka, ityuwa, ilaphu, izixhobo kunye nokuzingela kunye nezinye izinto iimveliso inkxaso yobomi.

Ebusika, abemi kula mazwe evuniweyo imithi ithuthwa ukuba i imilambo exutyiweyo. Ukuze benze oku, basebenzisa iinqwelo sokubhula. Lo msebenzi kananjalo Iholo ezongezelelweyo.

Ukongeza, i Veps yaye wenza kwezinye izinto:

• ilitye-ukusika yezandla;
• ubumba nokuyenza katavalnym.

iimeko ezinzima

Kuba indawo eendawo zokuhlala Vepsian zaye luphawulwa kwinyaniso yokuba zezona phezu iindlela zorhwebo, izixeko kunye neendlela zeposi uzibalulele umgama omkhulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba azizange okunene inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zentlalo yezopolitiko esenzeka zikarhulumente.

Nangona ukwamkelwa ubuKristu kubomi bemihla ngemihla nezithethe Vepsians walondoloza yesizwe ezininzi yokuqala. Kodwa impembelelo rhoqo Russian nangoku wenza uhlengahlengiso zabo indlela yabo yokuphila, ingqesho inkcubeko kunye.

Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-16, abahlali Belozersk-edge Poshehonsky ukuthetha ulwimi lwabo oluthile, nangona ulwazi olugqwesileyo konqulo Russian kunye Orthodox.

Okokuqala Yonke-Russian ubalo ngo-1897 zange ukubhala uhlanga Veps.

Ide Veps kwenkulungwane yama-20 abahlala phantsi kweemeko ezinzima kakhulu. Umbhali A. Petukhov iqaphele ukuba ubomi babo waphawulwa yi "iindlela ezimbi, ukunqongophala kokutya, nokubhala, ukungabikho kulwimi olubhaliweyo."

ixesha yiSoviet of Vepsians ubomi

Kubomi Vepsians 20-30s litshintshile kakhulu. Ngowe-1932, le Komiti ngomhla ukuyilwa a oonobumba entsha. iingxaki ezinjalo ziye wabeka phambi kwakhe;

• bavelise ulwimi esibhaliweyo iintlanga ezincinane ngeelwimi zabo;
• ukulungiselela abasebenzi zemfundo zesizwe;
• ukushicilela iincwadi.

isiseko Latin wasetyenziswa ukuphuhlisa alphabet Vepsian. Yeyona kuvulwa amagumbi kwilali ukufunda, eziyi-57, ukwakhiwa izibhedlele, izitishi zonyango, canteens zoluntu, iindawo. In Lodeinopolsky Ootitshala College ivula ofisi Veps.

Kubaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso amabhunga zikazwelonke kwasekwa kunye Oyat (Vinnitsa) indawo yesizwe.

Xa abasemagunyeni sobhalisa sangoku 30 yee aye uwalungise inani liphezulu labameli babantu kweli lizwe - malunga namawaka 35.

Ngokonakala iimeko zoqoqosho kunye Vepsians nokuqhekeka

Ngasekupheleni nenani-30 iqala ixesha esitsha kubomi babantu abaye babe na uhlanga Veps. Ubonakala zonke iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo kwezentlalo nezopolitiko esenzeka ngelo xesha kwilizwe lethu.

Ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubanjwa utshintshwano yolawulo ndawo ngenxa apho kukho ukungavisisani komhlaba Vepsian. Ezi nguqu kakubi kakhulu ngayo uphuhliso lwabantu, uninzi lwazo baye bafudukela kwezinye iindawo.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, Veps ilizwe ngakumbi nangakumbi zapustevali ngokunxulumene imeko kuqoqosho kwiidolophana wasentla.

Ngoku ke inani labantu eRashiya ngabantu 13 amawaka. Indawo apho Veps kumantla mihla siphila - Karelia emzantsi - kummandla Vologda, nakumndilili uhlale kummandla Leningrad.

yohlanga Vepsians

Kunzima kakhulu ukuthetha ngento ubuhle ubephethwe Veps amandulo. Kungenzeka, isiphumo nokwenziwa kwi iinguqu eziye zenzeka kulo. Kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi ziye zadibana kunye naziphi na abantu, ngoko babengakwazi ukuthintela indlela elisetyenziswa ngayo igazi.

Kakhulu abantu abaqhelekileyo kubonakala ukuba xa uqala mihla Veps, apho Imbonakalo akukho naziphi na iimpawu zesizwe ezahlukahlukeneyo. Aba bantu baye iinwele abamnyama nabamhlophe, umzimba obhityileyo kunye ngokupheleleyo, ukukhula ezincinane nezinkulu, kukho mihle kwaye hayi kakhulu.

Kodwa ke, nangona oku, ukuba ngabantu abazimeleyo abahlala kwintsimi yabo.

Vepsians iimpahla yabaseTyhini

Traditional iimpahla Vepsians waba festive kunye yonke imihla. Xa namabhinqa omhla eziqhelekileyo awayeyinxiba yoboya okanye isondo lengubo semi-yoboya ukuba ipateni longitudinal okanye cross-enemigca. yesifundo enyanzelekileyo yaba ifaskoti, apho ntombi ebomvu, kwaye yabasetyhini - abamnyama. shirt Long ngelinen enemikhono ihonjiswe kunye njengezivatho sihle emqukumbelweni.

Amabhinqa azi ukuba uyiluke njani kakuhle kakhulu. Ngoko ke badla kufunyanwa Severyanka enxibe-2 okanye ezi-3 shirt. Ngelo xesha linye aphakamisa indlela imiphetho yabo ibe ipatheni embaxa. Oku iphucula kakhulu imbonakalo kuzo abafazi Veps, ukubonakala kwazo kunye nokuzixabisa.

Ukuze wenze sundress ngemihla kusetyenziswa ngelaphu homespun. Ngelaphu festive impahla wayithenga. Gqibezela kunye sundresses sisengama dushegreyku (engaphantsi), kwaye engqeleni ayenxiba Shugay (cardigan kunye amaqhosha) ilaphu.

Ebusika, amabhinqa enxibe idyasi uboya okanye ingubo eyenziwe ngesikhumba segusha. Gala sazo le ngubo senziwe uboya wayigubungela zicandwe oqaqambileyo isilika okanye uboya amalaphu ukuba iipatheni ezinkulu.

Oko kunxitywa ngamadoda

iisuti abantu Vepsians yayibandakanya yeehempe ezimbini nebhulukhwe leyo kwaqiniswa ngentsontelo esinqeni. Shirt azipheli yaye belted ngesikhumba okanye wazithengisa, ephothiweyo. shirts yamandulo zamfakamfele, ngelixa mihla ngakumbi - vali.

Ngenkulungwane ye-19, ukuthunga phezulu ibhulukwe lakhe baqalisa ukusebenzisa ilaphu emnyama ethengiwe. Kwakhona zatshintsha ihempe yakhe, waqala ukuthunga ukusuka chintz ezithengwe okanye calico. iimpahla amadoda zasebusika ngayo abantu zimelwe beneengubo zabo belaphu, lwegusha ingubo, ngelaphu igqunyiweyo, beneengubo collarless ngqo.

Ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-19 ukuya Vepsians impahla festive wangena ibhatyi yakhe - i uhlobo demi-ngexesha ingubo, nokuba i ubude indibano kwamadolo.

Iimpawu kwezindlu Veppsian neemeko abaphila

Kungenzeka, nalapho kukho Veps amandulo phantse yinto enzima izindlu Karelian. Ke inxenye ye-dugouts ezingontsini log ngomthi kunye eziko. Ukususela ekuqaleni kokwakhiwa izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo:

• Maarn yokugcina ukutya;
• barn for wayebhula ingqolowa;
• saso;
• egeza.

Ukwakhiwa elidlulileyo rhoqo eyayikuyo Veps wasentla. Emazantsi yabantu ixesha elide kakhulu esetyenziselwa iinjongo ezinjalo, isanti abaqhelekileyo zasekhaya. Traditional izindlu Veps yaba ezintsonkothileyo yonke oluhlanganisa indlu kunye nazo zonke izakhiwo.

Ukongeza izakhiwo gusset uphawu Veppsian iphambili indlu ubukho an noba inani iifestile kunye nokungabikho nevaranda enophahla. Baba ezinjalo izinto nendlu Vepsians njenge:

• iitafile, izitulo kunye neebhedi yeplanga;
• ezalwa abantwana;
• eziko Russian;
• umgqomo nge washstand;
• ezivele.

Namasiko Veps namasiko

Veps ziphantsi izizwe Orthodox. Kodwa ixesha elide ukuba kubalulwa imiqondiso ubuhedeni. Phakathi Veps kwakukho kubakhafuli, abo wayethetha nabo oomoya kunye uthuma ngayo kwizifo. Nokufika amabandla nezigodlo, bemkile, kodwa ke inkazana elumkileyo, Sage baba.

Bend - isizwe, leyo izihlabo zayo neenkolelo. Ukuze kwakhiwe indlu gqiba kwafuneka uqiniseke ukuba 'ngentlawulelo' umhlaba indoda. Iimpahla mntu uswelekileyo bakhetha abamhlophe kuphela yaye ngokuqinisekileyo zingacimeka.

Uva kuyinyaniso ukuba ukwakhiwa Vepsians ekhaya. Amasiko msitho ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• kwikhaya elitsha ngobusuku bokuqala vumela cat;
• kuqala endlwini kwakufuneka angene yintloko yekhaya wesonka i icon;
• emva kokuba intloko endlwini kubandakanywa umfazi wakhe umqhagi kunye cat;
• lwendlu endala ibe omtsha eze ilahle eshushu;
• Masingaze waqala ukuyakha indlu phezu umzila.

amasiko Vepsians zihlobene ukuba iinkolelo zawo;

• imimoya esibhakabhakeni;
• izindlu;
• amanzi;
• imimoya yehlathi, entendelezweni, barn kunye nezinye.

Umzekelo, amanzi ngenxa yabo, yaba ngumntu ophilayo, ngenxa yokuba umoya uhlala kuyo. Ukuba akunjalo efundwayo - akazange anikezele iintlanzi okanye kurhaxwa isifo nashlet. Ngoko ke, amanzi ndingazange ndincame, kananjalo akazange ahlambe izihlangu.

Kwaye kudla Veps yemveli. Eyona ndawo iphambili ngeyabo iintlanzi. Ukongeza uye wasebenzisa isonka nespelete ukuba nowezonkana ezisicaba ezingenagwele wena, indlebe yakho. basekuhlaleni onxaniweyo ungacimi Repnev kvass, oatmeal, eselwayo berry asendle, ubisi kunye buttermilk. Tea, kwakunye utywala ekhaya baba iziselo festive. A izitya inyama elungiselelwe kuphela iholide kunye nomsebenzi onzima emzimbeni.

Ezininzi iimbandezelo kwakufuneka iphumele nolu chazo wabantu, ukuba inkcubeko umdla, amasiko kunye lwemveli. Bayahlelwa abemi kwimimandla esemantla, ukuba ubuzwe Veps, zange kube lula. Kodwa ke, nangona oku, baba ngabantu abazimeleyo abahlala kwintsimi izinyanya zabo.