Wildlife of Africa, iimpawu zayo kunye nenkcazo

A zwekazi elikhulu, nto leyo yesibini ngobukhulu zengqukuva - yinto Afrika emangalisayo kunye twisisaka. Idume ukuba imozulu eshushu, iziqithi ezininzi, ezo saa ulwandle ngeenxa lizwekazi, kunye neentlobo wendalo ye.

Indawo Afrika ngaphezu kwezigidi 30.3 square metres. km. Le yi-6% of kumphezulu-langa. Kunye kujikelezo kwelizwekazi zihlanjwe iilwandlekazi ezimbini (Indian kunye Atlantic) kunye enolwandle ngeenxa zombini (lweMeditera Red).

labemi Afrika abantu ngaphezulu kwezigidi-gidi abahlala kumazwe 55. Isikakhulu Arabhu. Umlinganiselo wobomi - malunga nama-45 iminyaka. Ulwimi luqhelekileyo - Arabic. Iinkolo ezinkulu - Christianity and Islam. Kwimimandla esempuma lizwekazi kwaqhenqetha ubuBhuda, ubuHindu.

uhlaza

uhlobo Afrika - yinto ihlabathi emangalisayo kunye unique izele ubuhle kunye mfihlelo. Unusual izityalo lizwekazi iintlobo emangalisayo: amahlathi coniferous kunye emaqeleni eziyimiqwebedu ndosolula kufutshane nasentla, nasezantsi, amahlathi ashinyeneyo kwi-ikhweyitha, kwaye kunxweme iintshinyela esiluqilima kwetyholo.

Kumahlathi ashinyeneyo ukukhula iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-25,000 ezahlukileyo zezityalo. amahlathi Intaba izinze emantla eAfrika. Oku ikakhulu Ukutyala avuthulukayo: iintlobo ezahlukeneyo oki, pine Aleppo, uluhlaza iSpanish, imisedare satin.

Wildlife of Afrika ibonisa ngokucacileyo savanna. Le ndawo emathafeni, apho, ukongeza ingca, kukho ityholwana kunye nohlaza enemithi. Cereal oqhelekileyo elephant ingca. Loo isihloko yena wafumana ngokunxulumene nesibakala sokuba iindlovu wayeyoliswa kakhulu umthendeleko wakhe.

Ngexesha lemvula zonke esezansi apha, utyani uba exineneyo eluhlaza. Kwixesha elomileyo lonyaka, nto leyo edla ihlala ukuya kwiinyanga ezintandathu, ezifana Amathafa yellow emathafeni elinyukayo.

Ukutyelela ikhadi, uphawu ilizwekazi yabona Baobab. Le ngxilimbela Afrika akoyiki yembalela. Isibakala sokuba ngexesha lemvula, yena imbues nesiqu sakhe ngamanzi. Yokukhetheka kwalo mthi ukuphila kwayo okumangalisayo (iminyaka 5000). Ukongeza, le esezansi omkhulu kanye kuphela ebomini bakhe elide.

Nature North Afrika

Lo mmandla yolula kwi zinomtya elimxinwa kumntla kweli lizwekazi. Uninzi Sahara iyintlango - ndawo ishushu on Earth.

Ingakumbi kumantla wendalo Afrika usendleleni yokuba libe nezityalo ezimbalwa kusinda apha. Uninzi flora zezi ndawo - ezahlukeneyo imithi yesundu. oki kakhulu azixhaphakanga, umxakatho, imithi yomnquma zomgamtriya.

Esi silwanyana iqhelekileyo North Afrika kungathathwa inkamela. Le yinxalenye kwelizwekazi esilawulwa sabutropikhi (kwezinye iindawo yetropika) sezulu. abhalwe ngokusemthethweni lobushushu eliphezulu emthunzini iqondo 58. Ebusika kukho kuneqabaka, nokuba ebusuku.

iimeko zemozulu

iyantlukwano oMkhulu uhlobo Afrika! In emantla spring - sandstorms ixesha. Balizisa ke umoya Sahara hasmin. Izaqhwithi ingahlala usuku olunye ngeveki.

E North Afrika (eYiputa, Libya, Mauritania) spring imozulu Akumangalisi rhoqo - ukuba ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kufika ubushushu, ngoko ke iya kuqhuba de kube nguMeyi. Kunjalo enokuthethwa imozulu epholileyo kwaye kukho umoya. Ekugqibeleni, iqondo lobushushu elibekwe ekuqaleni kuka May. Ngeli xesha ithemometha yayisele ukuthatha ngokuzithemba indawo kwindawo ephawulweyo isidanga-amathathu.

Ehlotyeni ezishushu kakhulu. Umzekelo, kwi eYiputa phakathi lobushushu ehlotyeni emthunzini kufika kumgomo amahlanu. ezipholileyo ebusuku kakhulu ebudeni bemini. okunzulu Daily inkulu ngokwaneleyo.

Afrika Nature lubonakala ngokuba sezulu onomoya e Western Sahara. Apha, iqondo lobushushu ukunyuka ivumela inani elikhulu izityalo (imifuno, ukutya okuziinkozo, imithi yeziqhamo).

Ehlotyeni kukho amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu Libya (58). Ngeli xesha, eyabangela ukuba inxalenye enkulu iiholide zikawonke kuMntla Afrika: Juni 18 - Usuku Liberation ukusuka British ngoJulayi 23 - Usuku Revolution, 11 Juni - Imini Liberation ukusuka iziseko US.

Autumn e North Afrika - kukuphela ubushushu zibukele. NgoSeptemba iqondo lobushushu akazange avuke ngentla 40. Amanzi ukufudumala ukuya degrees 25. De Oktobha lobushushu liyaqhubeka kuwa, yaye phakathi ekwindla kuyahluka kumazwe ahlukeneyo ukusuka +20 ukuya +30.

Ngelo xesha ukonga ixesha lemvula iqala. Afrika Nature eza uyaphila. Iqala ukukhula ngokukhawuleza amatyholo, imifuno. Imithi kuvela zamafu isithsaba eluhlaza. Izilwanyana ukuba ehlotyeni ubunzima ekubaleleni zingenakunyamezeleka, ezisebenzayo. Evela kumphezulu abameli ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana, nto leyo ehlotyeni kuyabonakala kuphela ebusuku okanye ukutshona kwelanga. Xa amathafa ubomi, iimvubu, nenomlanga amancinci, amarhamncwa eliphakathi-ertyisi, iindidi iinkawu, iimpuku. Entlango ungabona iinyoka, namacilikishe kunye ezingenamqolo.

Winter e North Afrika inokuba nomahluko. Ngokomzekelo, kwiintaba Algeria ngeli xesha lonyaka kukho kuneqabaka. Nganeno imozulu efudumeleyo, umoya ngumsindo ukuya degrees 12. E Egypt, ubusika unomoya kakhulu. Ubushushu ayikho izidanga ngaphantsi kwe-25 kunye imali encinane ye kwezulu.

Nature South Africa

South yelizwekazi lula ngakumbi kwaye likhululekile ngenxa yomphefumlo izityalo kunye nezilwanyana. Namhlanje kule ndawo kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-24,000 of kweentyatyambo izityalo. isiqingatha ezi zityalo phantse swi komcu unxweme, ogama ububanzi malunga 200 neekhilomitha. Le ndawo ifumaneka e-ntshona eMzantsi Afrika. Zezityalo ayise kwi-Cape Floral Kingdom. Iyonke ehlabathini kukho amaqela afana ezintandathu, nobukumkani Cape ikhethekile ngokuyintloko kuba kuthatha ekhulwini 0.4 kuphela kummandla Black Continent, ngoxa abanye yonke yinxalenye yehlabathi - America, Australia ne Antarctica. Nangona kunjalo, i-Cape Floral Kingdom bazizityebi ehlabathini. Utyani kwezi ndawo nokuba ohlukeneyo ngaphezu flora yehlathi lemvula.

jikelele silwane

uhlobo Live Afrika zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Ulikhaya malunga 500 iintlobo zeentaka, ngaphezu kokuba iintlobo ezingamakhulu izirhubuluzi kunye neentlobo ezininzi zizinambuzane. Bakuba ke begaxeleke apha qho abakhenkethi nyaka ezivela kulo lonke ihlabathi bakuthanda kakhulu kwi "enkulu ezintlanu" - imikhombe (emnyama namhlophe), elephant, iinyathi, ingwe, ingonyama. Ezi abameli izilwanyana Afrika kuvusa umdla omkhulu phakathi abathandi safari. Hunter, dobyvshy ubuncinane enye zezilwanyana i "ezintlanu", nguye umnini "Grand Slam", njengoko bendawo bathi.

Kuzingela yezi zilwanyana - iindlela ezixakekileyo, nto leyo ehambisana kunye nobunzima zombutho. Ayizizo zonke iinkampani inxaxheba lombutho Safaris, inganikeza ukuzingela enjalo. Ibalalela olu xwebhu nokugunyazisa ekhethekileyo ekhutshwe kumgangatho karhulumente kufuneka izaliswe.

zezilwanyana ezahlukileyo yamanzi ezingaselunxwemeni eMzantsi Afrika. Apha uyakwazi ukubona enkulu, abemi likhulu yoMhlaba - whale. Ubude bomzimba wayo lingaphezu kweemitha ezingama-30. Kwaye bonke la manzi sifumaniseke ezisibhozo iintlobo whales.

Ichaphazela iintlobo enkulu yeentlanzi. Yesithandathu zonke iintlobo ezaziwayo emalunga nenzululwazi namhlanje simelwe kummandla lonxweme eMzantsi Afrika.

abameli imifuziselo izilwanyana weSahara na neula (Addax, njengeula eli), ibhadi (uDorkas, nenekazi), ibhokhwe yasezintabeni.

Man and Nature

Le zezilwanyana limelwe exotic-Afrika eseMazantsi, ezinqabileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingxaki. Chief phakathi kwabo - impembelelo ngabantu uhlobo Afrika. Ubhubhisa, utshabalalisa abameli ezizodwa zemvelo, ukuthintela ukuba ingakhuli. lokuzingela mthethweni, ukuzingela, abanye basebe- ubuqhitala - konke oku kuphathelene imiphumo ebuhlungu.

Kuyinto elungileyo ukuthi ifuthe ngabantu uhlobo Afrika nje intshabalalo yayo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, oorhulumente baseAfrika bachitha umsebenzi omkhulu ukhuselo lokusingqongileyo, izityalo kunye nezilwanyana izwekazi yabo. Lo msebenzi ukuqhagamshela izazinzulu evela ehlabathini lonke, inkxaso abathanda eAfrika.

Nokuba kwinkulungwane XIX kubhekwe i Dark Ilizwekazi kwilizwekazi nature kungachukunyiswa. Kodwa ngaloo mihla indalo Afrika iye yaguqulwa ngenxa yendoda. Ngokuphawulekayo kwanciphisa Ihlathi, banikela indlela eya amasimi kunye namadlelo.

Nangona kunjalo, umonakalo omkhulu yohlobo Afrika evela bamathanga aseYurophu. Kuzingela usiqeqeshela okusilungeleyo, kwaye maxa wambi nkqu fun kwakhokelela intshabalalo elibalulekileyo izilwanyana. Iintlobo ezininzi zazitshayelwe ngokupheleleyo. Oku kunjalo ezinye iintlobo neula, zebras. Ngokuphawulekayo zasinciphisa labemi kwezinye izilwanyana: imikhombe, iindlovu, iigorila.

BaseYurophu kabuhlungu kutshabalalisa emahlathini Afrika kwamanye amazwe imithi enexabiso eYurophu. Ngoko ke, kwamanye amazwe elizwekazi (Nigeria, kunye nabanye.) Kukho ingozi kwamahlathi!

Le ndawo kuhlala ngokulima ioli yesundu, kakhokho, peanut njalo njalo. D. In ndawo apho namahlathi emvula abazizityebi ziyatshintsheka sentshinyela, amathafa ndakubumba. Ubukhulu becala itshintshe uhlobo kunye Amathafa zaseprayimari. Namhlanje, kukho kulinywa umhlaba kunye namadlelo.

Kuba usindiso advance wehlathi entlango Amathafa zephetshana idaliwe kwiSahara, 1,500 km ubude. Yena wayisithelisa mhlaba zezolimo yimimoya eyomileyo, eshushu. Kukho ezininzi iiprojekthi yokuqala ukunkcenkceshela Sahara.

utshintsho kakhulu iimeko zendalo kwabonakala emva kuphuhliso kweentlobo ezithile yezimbiwa, kwakunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo ushishino kweli lizwekazi. Ngenxa yokulima ngokungafanelekanga (amadlelo, eluvundwini, ukusika amatyholo kunye nemithi) intlango baya babenyuka savanna. Kuphela kule minyaka ingama-50 idlulileyo kakhulu uphumile Sahara ukuya ngasezantsi nokwandisa ummandla 650 lamawaka macala onke. M. km.

Ngenxa yoko, ukulahleka komhlaba wezolimo kukhokelela kwilahleko kunye nemfuyo kwezityalo ukuze yindlala abantu.

iipaki zesizwe kunye neendawo

Kule mihla abantu abaye baqaphela imfuneko yokukhusela zonke eziphilayo emhlabeni. Ngenxa yoku, zonke amazwekazi wadala zolondolozo (ummandla okhethekileyo, ukulondoloza yendalo isimo zendalo) kunye neepaki zesizwe.

Amafa bavumelekile ukuba abo bantu kuphela ukuqhuba umsebenzi wophando. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iipaki zesizwe zivulelekile kubakhenkethi.

Namhlanje, uhlobo Afrika likhuselwe kumazwe amaninzi ibekwe kwilizwekazi Black. iindawo ezikhuselweyo kwi nemisinga bahlale ezindaweni ezinkulu. Uninzi bonke bephela zifumaneka kwimpuma kunye nakumazantsi Afrika. Iqela kula maziko uba ithandwa jikelele. Le Kwizilwanyana zasendle, aseSerengeti. Ngenxa umsebenzi omkhulu wenzululwazi, abaphandi kunye nabathandi nendalo eqhelekileyo inani kweentlobo ezithile zezilwanyana wachacha ngokupheleleyo.

Ngonyaka kwi eKruger Park, nto leyo ifumaneka e-mpuma yoMzantsi Afrika, kuza kubakhenkethi ngaphezu kwesigidi abanomdla izilwanyana Afrika. Le paki nesizathu kubizwa ngokuba indawo awazalelwa kuyo "Big Five." iintlobo ezintlanu eziphambili zezilwanyana Afrika bazive bekhululekile kakhulu. uzive No ngaphantsi ngokukhululekileyo ngokwabo kula masimu imikhombe kunye neengonyama, iindlulamthi ezihlasela, amaqwarhashe kunye antelopes ezininzi.

Ukwahluka uhlobo Afrika ngokubanzi zimelwe kwezinye iipaki zesizwe zoMzantsi Afrika. Asingawo onke amazwe bamaziko ezifanayo, afana noMzantsi Afrika. Ngoku eMzantsi Afrika, kukho malunga elinesibini ezimbini iipaki zesizwe kunye amakhulu zolondolozo lwendalo, apho zifumaneka kwimimandla ehlukeneyo yelizwe.

ezidla

Of umdla omkhulu abaphandi kunye nabakhenkethi na izilwanyana Afrika. Ezidla yelizwekazi - ayikho ezincancisayo kuphela, kodwa izirhubuluzi, leyo azikho ngaphantsi yingozi. Ukongeza, kukho iintaka karhataka neentlanzi.

iingonyama

lihlangana Afrika azakubalulwa inani elikhulu kwezi ezizingelayo. King of ezizitho uziva ukhululekile kakhulu kwilizwekazi.

uhlobo zasendle Afrika akunakucingelwa ngaphandle ikratshi kweengonyama - amaqela izilwanyana, leyo ukudibanisa amadoda, abasetyhini kunye nenzala yabo omncinane. Le ntsapho kakhulu yahlulwe ngokucacileyo uxanduva - ukhathalelo yengonyama oselula ngokukhukhumala ukutya, kwaye womelele, kunye namadoda amakhulu alinde ntsimi.

Ukutya ezingundoqo iingonyama namaqwarha, antelopes. Xa ezidla engekho ningamali izilwanyana ezincinane kukulamba ngamandla hayi scavenger pobrezguyut.

Ndingathanda ingqalelo ubudlelwane kunye iingonyama edyojiweyo ingcuka. Ukuze ixesha elide bekukholeleka ukuba yanelisekile iintsalela emva kwesidlo "basebukhosini 'ukuba isilwanyana ubugwala kakhulu, ungenzi nto yaye akakwazi ngokuzingela elizimeleyo.

Noko ke, Imigqaliselo yakutshanje izazinzulu lubonise ukuba oku kuyinyaniso. Kwathi kanti, leengcuka ukuzingela ebusuku (mhlawumbi kutheni wayesaziwa kancinane nokuzingela), Kulula pretty ezizingelayo ukubulala ixhoba elikhulu, ezifana Jwarha okanye njengeula eli. Kodwa okuphawuleka kakhulu - kukuba izazinzulu ziye zabonisa ukuba akoyiki yeengonyama, leengcuka, and vice versa! Ukuva amazwi leengcuka abaye kakuhle ixhoba, iingonyama kwaoko ngokungxama apho ukuzigxotha babuthe lendebe. Kodwa kwenzeka ukuba leengcuka angene ukulwa lithemba, kwaye ngoko ke iingonyama banyanzeleka ukuba umhlala phantsi.

Iingcuka, neengwenkala

Ingakumbi uhlobo Afrika, abakhenkethi ezininzi ezinxulumene ne phambi kukho inani elikhulu ezidla lweentlobo ikati. Okokuqala leengwenkala kuyo kunye nehlosi. Ezi iikati Zinhle kancinane ibe namandla, kodwa yokuphila eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Ngoku iinombolo zabo ziye zehla kakhulu.

Ixhoba ezona namabhadi ingwenkala, nengwe inokuwaguqula na umzingeli fastidious kodwa neula ezincinane, yena kuzingelwa ngempumelelo iihagu zasendle - warthogs kunye neemfene. Xa e-Afrika sele kutshatyalaliswa phantse zonke iingcuka, warthogs kunye neemfene, nande, abe yintlekele yokwenene izityalo zolimo. Leopards kwafuneka ukuba athathe eluvalelweni.