Yintoni imoto hybrid? Le Izithuthi inzuzo Hybrid

cars Hybrid ngokuya kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo kuqhubeka ukulwela isikhundla kwimarike ngomatshini zehlabathi. Ukuthandwa okwandayo iimodeli ezifana nemveliso negalelo izinto ngendlela injongo - abaye besanda ngokwanda amaxabiso amafutha emoto ayekwi nepetroli, ukuqaliswa neemfuno zentsebenzo kunye neendleko-ngempumelelo imigangatho yokusingqongileyo entsha injini engqongqo ngaphezulu.

Iimoto Hybrid: Yintoni na?

"Hybrid" in Latin - into afunyenwe ngenxa yokudibanisa amasuntswana imvelaphi owahlukeneyo. Kwihlabathi kweteknoloji izithuthi kule ibandakanya indibanisela iindidi ezimbini powertrains. Oku malunga injini lwangaphakathi ukutsha (ICE) kunye injini yombane (enye - iimoto, umoya zixinaniswe). Kule moto mihla abavelisi kuqala kwiinkqubo zolawulo amandla ekrelekrele.

Kukho iindidi ezimbini zezityalo ngamandla ngxilimbela izithuthi - ezipheleleyo (ngxilimbela ezipheleleyo) kwaye (ngxilimbela ngobulali) okulula. Ukhetho lokuqala lubandakanya ngokuxhobisa elinamandla zombane imoto motor, imazi ngempumelelo injini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi kwaye akwazi ukunika intshukumo kumatshini ngesantya eliphantsi. Inguqulelo lite injini yombane unikwa kuphela indima yenkxaso.

A uhambo short umlando

Iimoto yokuqala imveliso gqith 'Toyota "(Toyota Prius liftback) sasisihla line ibandla phantse amabini eminyaka eyadlulayo, ngo-1997. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, "Honda" liye lasungula imodeli Insight, yaye emva kwethutyana abenzi Japanese abazibandakanyileyo iingxilimbela auto yaseYurophu kunye American - "Ford", "Audi", "Volvo", "BMW". Ngo-2014, inani elipheleleyo ibhastile nto wathengisa zezithuthi wawela isiganeko ezisixhenxe sesigidi.

Kodwa musa ukucinga ukuba injini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi kunye injini yombane ku pair efunyenweyo kuphela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XX. Amazibulo phakathi avtogibridov ukuqonda kwethu ngoku yaba Lohner-Porshe Sempre Vivus - imoto wayila le umyili edume Austrian UFerdinand Porsche umva ngo-1900.

Schemes of basafunda hybrid

parallel

Kuba izithuthi apho wesekethe ukufana iyaphunyezwa, le injini ephambili ucinezelo lwangaphakathi. esebenzisa ugesi ludlala indima, kuquka ngexesha ukukhawulezisa okanye elekhtrons, amandla okungenisa kunye noninzi. Ukuyondelelana kwendlela injini yokutsha lwangaphakathi kunye injini yombane inikwa ngumntu inkqubo yolawulo computer.

Ukuhlala

Lo mzobo elula isithuthi hybrid. Umgaqo yayo yokusebenza isekelwe phezu ukudluliselwa torque ukusuka lwangaphakathi ukutshiswa injini wenkunkuma, ovelisa umbane kwaye ibiza ibhetri. Machine motion inikwa ngumntu ngololiwe ngamandla ombane.

ingxubevange

Option yokuqaphela ngaxeshanye series kunye neziphaluka ngaxeshanye. Ukuhambisa evela ndawo yaye ihamba ngesantya esisezantsi, imoto isebenzisa imoto yombane, yaye injini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi sinika le generator. Traffic on ngesantya esiphezulu kwenzeka ngenxa ukudluliselwa torque ukusuka ukutshiswa injini lwangaphakathi kweevili drive. Phambi kwemithwalo eziphakamileyo nikeza kwamandla ezincedisayo zombane ithatha phaya kwibhetri. Intsebenziswano ye injini yombane kunye injini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi ifunyanwa ngumntu izixhobo-langa.

buhle

Imoto gqith 'idibanisa iingenelo i injini yombane kwaye umatshini kunye injini. Izinto eziluncedo ze motor - torque iimpawu ezibalaseleyo njengoko injini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi - a yesibaso solwelo nomthombo amandla lula. Indlela yokuqala ngempumelelo zokumisa rhoqo kwaye iqala, ukuqhuba isixeko eqhelekileyo, wesibini - on ngesantya esingaguqukiyo. iingenelo echaza le ababili:

• ukusebenza (kuba ekugqibeleni elinye amafutha hybrid 20-25% kunonyaka imodeli lwamandulo);
• reserve amandla eliphezulu;
• eziphilayo (kuncitshiswa ubungakanani eziyingozi ezikhutshwayo emoyeni ngenxa yokutyiwa amafutha nenengqiqo);
• ubuncinane wazaphula pad banxibe (elungiselelwe elekhtrons okungenisa);
• ngcono esebenzayo Iimpawu yokusebenza;
• ukukwazi ukugcina kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona energy (yokugcina ezi iibhetri kunye capacitors ezizodwa).

ukushiyeka

• iindleko High, ngenxa ukuntsonkotha kuyilo mveliso.
• izithuthi ukulungisa gqith zexabiso kunye iingxaki kunye nokuchithwa neebhetri.
• ubunzima elikhulu.
• Battery susceptibility lokuzimela nokukhutshwa.

Yintoni abanikazi imoto?

abathanda imoto kulo lonke ihlabathi ukuba ngenkuthalo babelane ngamava abo uboyisa wendlela kunye okuvelayo koomatshini ngokuhlaziya iingenelo neengozi kubo imifuziselo eziqhelekileyo. Akazange ahlale ngaphandle ingqalelo hybrid iimoto. Izimvo abanikazi ubungqina babo obungenakuphikiswa ukuthembeka kwezi matshini kunye amathuba imali ebonakalayo imali yentsapho, uza kuba ukuthenga amafutha. Uncedo lokugqibela ibaluleke kakhulu kwabo bathanda uhambo olude. Phakathi bobubi kukho Ixabiso eliphezulu ukugcinwa ibhastile nto leyo eyayinzima kuthelekiswa iimoto odidi, cornering uzinzo.

Kwe models best

Toyota Prius ( "Toyota Prius")

Pioneer hybrids usapho, baxhotyiswa Motors ezimbini yombane (power of 42 kW kunye 60 kW), xa zidityaniswe ne-injini ukutshiswa kwangaphakathi welitha 1.8 (umthamo 98 l. C.). santya siphezulu - 180 km / h. Ngenxa ixabiso olufikelelekayo kunye noqoqosho kwamafutha ezizodwa, Toyota Prius iminyaka emininzi, ihamba phambili ngokwemigaqo kwiintengiso phakathi okhuphisana e ingxenye yayo.

Toyota Camry Hybrid ( "Toyota Camry")

Isithuthi gqith apho ukonga kakhulu, uyilo nomtsalane, intuthuzelo, processability phezulu. Enye inzuzo kokukhutshwa Toyota Camry phakathi ngxilimbela nabo, - ukukhawulezisa rapid (imizuzwana 7.4, le modeli sakubanako ukunyusa isantya ku-100 km / h).

Chevrolet Volt ( "Chevrolet Volt")

Practical ezine ibibanga ezineempawu ezibalaseleyo ukubaleka. gqith egcwalisekayo (Plug-in ezimotweni). It mayixhotyiswe ipetroli injini (umqulu 1.4 ilitha, 84 ilitha capacity. S.), Block lwe Lithium-ion ukuba ubomi ngenkonzo ende, kwaye injini yombane uqhuba imoto. Mileage on electric ezisezidolophini - malunga 54-60 km.

Volvo V60 Plug-in ( "Volvo V60 Plug-in ')

Okokuqala phakathi avtogibridov injini model turbodiesel (umqulu 2.4 ilitha, 215 ilitha umthamo. S., ukusetyenziswa Umndilili diesel ngamnye 100 km kweelitha 1.9). Ukuba nokwenzeka kwe-injini yombane le nqwelo station idiesel Akuvumelekanga ukugqitha kwi zombane ngeekhilomitha ezingama-50.

Hybrid Honda Civic ( "Honda-Civic")

developers Car ndakhutshwa ezinjalo iimpawu yabathengi ezibalulekileyo intuthuzelo, uqoqosho amafutha kunye nokusebenziseka. Awona macandelo aphambili ukuthandwa Hybrid Honda Civic - compactness, juxtaposed nto ibalasele ngamandla kukuba enesakhono imibulelo gqith ukuya design izixazululo ezizodwa, ukusebenza kunye noyilo nomtsalane.

Amathuba, okanye idilesi elifutshane abagxeki

ubuchwepheshe Hybrid ixhaswa neentshaba. Abanye abantu bakholelwa lokufaneleka kwabo kunye nokusebenza, ngoxa abanye asidinwa ukwalatha iziphene. Ukuba sele unemoto classic kunye idizili okanye ipetroli injini, ungathanda uyilo yayo, amafutha ephantsi, iimpawu zobugcisa kunye nokusebenza, kunokwenzeka ukuba akukho mfuneko mandikhawulezise kunye nokuthengwa hybrid. Linda de kubavelisi baya kuzisa uzithengise uguqulelo phambili ngakumbi.

Nje musa kakhulu wolula inkqubo lokulinda, ukwenzela ukuba kuzisola malunga nexesha elimoshakeleyo uyazibuza ukuba kutheni sele ukuyeka ukuyithenga. Ngokutsho kweengcali, isithuthi hybrid kwixa elizayo kuya kuba ngokubonwa kwizitrato izixeko ezikhulu kunye needolophu ezincinci. Ngelo xesha yaqikelela ukwandiswa elibalulekileyo kuluhlu ezikhoyo model. Ibhastile nto iya kuthatha indawo ofaneleyo kuthotho ngalinye imoto ingxenye - ukusuka supercars ukuya crossovers kunye minivans-nabasebenzi.