Yintoni nalawa? Imbali kwimifanekiso. Indlela ukudala incwadi ehlekisayo?

Iinoveli angaba obangel 'umdla, isimanga liyoyikeka. kwimboniselo nganye ukuze ithathe incwadi kwinqakwana kuphakamisa imibuzo malunga yokuziphatha kunye nemilinganiselo. Yinto nje funny imifanekiso, wadala ukuzonwabisa. Kuyinto kakhulu ngakumbi. Lixesha lokuba ukuqonda ukuba eli ngeqhawe eneneni.

intsingiselo

Igama elithi "ahlekisayo" ufikile Lexicon Russian-wayethetha ngeqhawe IsiNgesi, nto leyo ithetha funny. Abantu abaninzi bafuna ukwazi ukuba yintoni na nalawa, apho kwakukho igama ngano enjalo. Abantu abaqhelekileyo nga inokwalathelwa iincwadi kwinoveli graphic, apho kukho iqhezu comedy neziqhulo. art Visual kudityaniswe amabali kunye namabali ngempumelelo. Nangona ukuziphatha funny abalinganiswa, umfanekiso original neempikiswano ukuphoxisa, imicwe yokuhlekisa bakwimeko iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo, ukusuka thrillers kunye namabali kwakho, nesiphelo amabali malunga abangomaqhawe.

Imbali imifanekiso, njengokuba umthetho, ezele nentsingiselo enzulu kunye nokuziphatha. Kuzo zonke iinkcukacha ziqondeka abantwana kunye nabantu abadala, esebenzisa imizobo anemvakalozwi ezibonisa izandi kunye nokuhleka (umzekelo, BOOOM, ehe?!, POW! Ke HA-HA-HA). Ngamanye amazwi, incwadi kwinqakwana - ibali caricature.

Imbali lahlukene

Sisihlandlo sokuqala kweenoveli graphic ingalandwa kwi inkcubeko yaseJapan. Ke fun wadala amabali ikhathuni, ebizwa manga. Ezi nalawa zikhona kwaye ihlabathi ethandwayo. nalawa Japanese nibe okhokho cartoons emveli oriental - anime.

Kamva, kufutshane kwinkulungwane XVI, yaqala ukuvela lunee yaseYurophu kweenoveli graphic. Yaba ngeli xesha e Barcelona kunye Valencia waqalisa ukusasaza amaphecana yonqulo, leyo kuthiwa "Haleluya". Ifom eqhelekileyo ngakumbi nezihlekisayo afumaneka ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-18, xa magazini The San Francisco Examiner yapapasha nezihlekisayo yokuqala funny abantwana "Teddy ibhere kunye tiger." Ukuvela an amabali mbaliso engaqhelekanga Wavuthela abaphulaphuli, yaye ukususela ngelo xesha kwaqalisa ixesha enkulu kweenoveli graphic.

Umongo iinoveli graphic

amabali Nabantu zilungiselelwe ukuba ziqinisekise ukuba nomdla kumfundi ngembali yawo ebangel 'umdla. Amava kwabonisa ukuba amabali adventure kunye namabali umcuphi athandwa kakhulu, ukuba kukho na umfanekiso encinane. Njengomgaqo, asinguye wonk 'umntu ofuna ukufunda incwadi etyebileyo. Amabali zicholwe owesibini, ebhaptiza ngokupheleleyo umfundi kwihlabathi leengcinga okanye indalo. picture nganye ibali ngendlela yaso lokuzoba nokubhaliweyo.

Ngoku kukho amawaka iincwadi zemifanekiso, wadala zombini ezisekelwe kwimisebenzi yoncwadi, kwaye ibali adventure ekhethekileyo. Yintoni nalawa ngenene yaye yintoni umongo wayo? Izazinzulu kwengqondo e University of Waterloo ziye zabonisa ukuba nezihlekisayo ziyamkeleka ngokulula kakhulu ngabantwana kunye nabantu abadala, ngaphezu iincwadi, iifilimu kunye namanqaku. Undoqo kweenoveli graphic - kukudala amabali umdla esebenzisa imizobo nabalulamileyo yaye zinzulu lyrics.

Indlela ukudala kwikhomikhi

format incwadi ebhalwe yahlukile. Ngubani na okhe ukufunda inoveli graphic, ucela kungekudala "Indlela ukudala lemifanekiso ngokwakhe?".

Ngokuba lo cebiso kuya kunceda cartoonists professional:

1. Yeyiphi inqakwana lakho elonwabisayo wadala ngaphandle elishicilelwe phantsi? Oko kulungile, akukho. Bhala Isimo unique nezinomdla - linyathelo ekudaleni kwinoveli graphic kuqala. Kuyimfuneko ukuba abhalise imbali, abalinganiswa kunye iingxoxo. Musa kakubi iinkcazelo, ngenxa yokuba amanani ahlekisayo, leyo zibonisa zonke iinkcukacha. Ugxininiso kufuneka kwenziwe incoko kunye iyelenqe olutshintshayo. Ngokusekelwe ibali ezikhoyo okanye ifilim yinto script. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - khumbula ukuba wonke ibali mifanekiso yahlukile.

2. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, akunakubakho ukuqalisa ukuzoba nezihlekisayo ngaphandle kwendaba. Olu luguqulelo yesibini kwinoveli imizobo, okanye uyilo. Apha yenziwa imizobo kuqala. Amabali imifanekiso kufuneka ezinxulumene-nye, ngoko sebenzisa kwendaba. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka ubhalise nganye "square" nezihlekisayo ichaza amaqhawe amanyathelo kunye imifanekiso yazo. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuchaza izakhelo elizayo.

3. Kuba abo bafuna ukufunda indlela yokwenza incwadi kwinqakwana, kufuneka ufune uncedo iinoveli ukulungele-ezenziwe ngemizobo. Makuthathelwe kufuneka banikwe isimbo. Ukuba oku ibali malunga abangomaqhawe, yonke imifanekiso kufuneka eqaqambileyo, kwaye incoko kubonakala kwangoko. Xa ukhetha ibali adventure ofuna ukuyisebenzisa, iithowuni efudumeleyo enelanga. Detective kunye Thriller kufuneka buze kwaye zibangel umfundi, ngoko, ukusebenzisa imibala eluhlaza, engwevu namnyama.

4. Umfundi ingqalelo liya kuqaphela ukuba kwinqakwana alwenzeki isakhelo efanayo. Maxa wambi amanye Indawo iyafumaneka kumaphepha wesithathu, kunye nezinye kwi-10 abe ubungakanani obuncinane kwaye ukulungele kwi intwana encinane sephepha. Le style kulula kakhulu ukuba ufunde nezihlekisayo.

amabali Special ulwimi nemifanekiso

A isici esasenza le ncwadi lihlekisayo ulwimi ekhethekileyo. Apha akukho umbhalo, abahlala 99% wephepha. Amaqhawe ephambili ezifanayo siquka zemihlathi ezincinane ezichaza imeko ethile Akucaci ke ukuba umfundi. Kakuhle eli bali sisasazwa ibali ezicacileyo apho abalinganiswa azotywe ngayo ngokweenkcukacha kunye ukukwazi kwabo.

Ekubeni nalawa baye beza kuthi evela eYurophu kunye US, onke amabali abhalwe IsiNgesi, kodwa ngenxa imizobo eyodwa ibali nokuba zezikhali ngaphandle amagama. Le ulwimi ezizodwa nezihlekisayo.

DC vs Marvel

nalawa nokupapasha ezimbini ethandwayo iminyaka engaphezu kwama-50, bakhuphisane. Cartoonists ehlabathini lonke ziye zohlulwa miba mibini. DC Comics kunye ukumangaliswa ngokubanzi ngazo kwi-intanethi, ngokwenza kwabo adventure Saga, njengoko abalandeli umhlambi kulo lonke ihlabathi ngenxa yeHlabathi Festival incwadi yim ahlekisayo Comic. Khawucinge nje Imbali emfutshane yomshicileli ngamnye.

DC. The main kushicilelwa hero - Batman of obangela Gotham City - Joker. Khona soloko kwango-1934, yaye kukhubazeko kuqala umboniso esekelwe inoveli graphic yapapashwa ngowe-1969. DC yamkela abalandeli zayo iincwadi Superman, Wonder Woman, uYona Hex kunye Green zezibane.

Uyamangalisa. U- Mdali walo lonke ukumangaliswa imfundiso - Stan Lee. Lomshicileli ethandwayo ngaphezu DC, ngenxa iinoveli graphic njenge "X-Men" yaye "Wolverine," "uCaptain America" yaye "Iron Man" yaye "color Four," "kohor," "Mbovane-Man". Eyona iphambili Musa ukumangaliswa kukuba zihlawula irhafu Stan Lee, ukucela umntu okuchwayitha, endala sokudubula, yaye wamnika umfanekiso yesibini-mbini. Ngokungafaniyo DC, kule ndlu uvakalisa zabavakalisa amabali kunye nentsingiselo enzulu kunye nokuziphatha, uzama ukubonisa amacala amabini ngqekembe efanayo (okulungileyo nokubi). Zonke nalawa Marvel mabi kakhulu yaye babe ibali engaqhelekanga. Year of sesiseko - 1939, kukhubazeko umboniso yokuqala yakhululwa ngo-1944 ( "Captain Melika").

Le nalawa kuyabiza

Eyadini ixesha elide kwinkulungwane yama-21, uze uqhubeke ukudala iincwadi zemifanekiso, ukupapasha film. Oku kuya kusoloko ukuthandwa, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo uya soze kucinywa. Ngaphandle koku, le cartoonists ezifana kungekuphela nje ukufunda iinoveli graphic, kodwa ukuba uqokelele editions obunqabileyo limited. Ngoko ke incwadi kwinqakwana kakhulu eninzi kwaye ezixabisekileyo ehlabathini?

Action Comics ngo-1938, ezixabisa i-$ 2 million. Inguqulelo yokuqala nezihlekisayo kunye umfanekiso Superman phezu ihlabathi akukho iziqwenga ngaphezulu kwe-9. iminyaka engama-80 eyadlulayo sikwazi kuthenga Action Comics hayi ngaphezulu kwe-10 eesenti. Kananjalo abanamakhono cartoons enqabileyo Curt Swan (ngumbhali amabali Batman ukususela 1942). Enye imisebenzi yakhe kuqikelelwa kwi-200,000 - $ 400,000.

nalawa adventure

History of Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck - akukho ikhathuni nje, apho izizukulwana lonke ziye zakhula. Eli bali olwaqaliswa zisekelwe kwinqakwana. Eyona nto inomdla kakhulu ukuba le khathuni zokuqala zadalwa kumgaqo njengoko uyilo graphic: wasebenzisa kwendaba, umgca ibali kunye Iziboniso ngomlomo kunye kwiqamza. Eyona nkalo ncwadi labantwana ahlekisayo - adventure yohlobo. nalawa Adventure uthethe abalinganiswa abaphambili, abajongene neemeko engalindelekanga uze uzisombulule kulo kwinqakwana.

Indlela ukufunda lahlukene

Xa lo mbuzo, "Yintoni kwinqakwana nendlela ukuyifunda," kufuneka uhlawule ingqalelo isakhiwo sebali graphic. nalawa Classic - yinto, imagazini encinane umbala, eliquka iphepha 10-30. yemakhishithi nganye yahlulwe eziliqela ziinxalenye-imizobo, akukho ungakhuphi iziqwenga ngaphezulu kwe-10 (imali kuxhomekeke kwifomathi yephepha "izakhelo"). Kufuneka uqale ukufunda kwisikwere yokuqala, ibekwe kwikona ephezulu ekhohlo. Umyalelo kunye nelungiselelo yesakhelo ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene. Ezinye nalawa ziyafundwa kwikhonkco yeNyoka. Ukuba naliphi na ilungu kwimbali uthotho iincwadi zemifanekiso, kucetyiswa ukuba ukufunda inxalenye yokuqala ukuqonda ibali umdla kwamagorha.

Amabali - nje ibali abangomaqhawe. Wonke umfundi uyakwazi ukufumana uhlobo zabo abazithandayo. Konke okudingayo ayithi nkxu mbono, ukuze uqhelane nayo yonke abalinganiswa kunye nokuphonononga ubuntu babo. Oku kuzakuvula kwihlabathi elitsha nemangalisayo kweenoveli graphic 20 leminyaka 21!