A biopsy ye esinobubovu lengqula: ntoni na, njani na kwenziwa? A biopsy ye esinobubovu lengqula: ukulungiswa, ukutolikwa iziphumo wohlalutyo, imiphumela

Xa iimeko yanamhlanje unyango somhlaza lengqula luphakame ukuya kwinqanaba kunokuba eliphezulu. Kule uyakuhlala kwimfuneko yokungenelela ngoncedo kulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lomzimba, oko kukuthi, wenza biopsy le ingaba lengqula. Yintoni na? - ubuze. Akaphendulanga elide elizayo, xa indlala yakho maqhuqhuva mkhulu kuno-1 cm ngobukhulu, okanye ukuba kubekho ezikhoyo ezinjalo. Isibakala sokuba le ultrasound akusoloko ngokwaneleyo. Ukuze ukwazi uhlobo lwemfundo, kufuneka athathe isampuli ezo zinto zifundwayo kunye ingqalelo imeko yayo.

Ukunakanwa kweenkqubo eziyimfuneko

izazinzulu ezininzi, kwakunye World Health Organization iye yabona imfuneko nkqubo. Izazinzulu zithi imfundo, nkqu ubukhulu kakhulu encinane, ukuba ngaphezu kwesinye, kuba isiphumo ezinzima kakhulu emzimbeni womntu, ke ngoko, ukuba ukucacisa injani - kodwa into yemini ugqirha, senze ingxaki enjalo kumguli. Abantu bacela uncedo nale ngxaki, bephantsi kweliso kagqirha. limisa yokugqibela ukuvavanyelwa amanqanaba iihomoni ezifana ihomoni, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, njalo-njalo. Iimviwo ultrasound ezithile nayo amisiweyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ezi nkqubo yenziwa amaxesha 3-6 ngenyanga, ukongeza, izigulane kufuneka ukulawula imeko yabo.

yokubonisana lokuqala

Ngokubonisana ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba zonke iinkcukacha, nto leyo sikhatshwa biopsy lwe esinobubovu lengqula: oko kukuthi, oko kwenziwa, ngawaphi amanyathelo zokuzilungiselela kufuneka Kwathi ukuze aphumeze oko, njalo njalo.

Ngaba Ukubulawa?

It is a umbuzo zendalo oqhubeka isigulane ngasinye: indlela ukwenza biopsy le ingaba lengqula? Nangona igama izandi kuyoyikisa, inkqubo ngokwayo akunjalo eyoyikekayo. Enyanisweni, lo mbandela zeselula ukusuka kwisayithi okuhlatywa ngenaliti ekhethekileyo obhityileyo kakhulu.

Ukulungiselela inkqubo

Wenza i biopsy le nobubovu lengqula, amalungiselelo apho, ngokuzenzekelayo, ayifuneki, kwimizuzu. Ugqirha Ukubulawa ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi lwaqhutywa ngenxa yezizathu ezibini:

1. Isiguli phantse akukho ntlungu ziviwa kuphela inaliti ngenaliti.

2. iziyobisi zifakwa ungakwazi ukufikelela ubunzima isampulu eziphilayo, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuchaphazela umgangatho, yaye le nkqubo iza kuphindwa amaxesha amaninzi.

Indlela ephambili biopsy yi okuhlatywa entle inaliti.

Inkqubo ye biopsy

Ukuze ubone imeko izinto eziphilayo kwiindawo uqalisa esenza inkqubo biopsy. Kubandakanya yade ngento eyodwa inaliti eziphilayo ukuyilwa, nto leyo idluliselwe kwi sifundo. Zonke izigulane ziye ukuba unesifo mfundo kufuneka bangenele nkqubo. Kuhlolwa kakhulu ngenyameko ngexesha biopsy ukuba imfundo singles ezinkulu.

Ngomhla olwandulela ngenkqubo, ukuba isigulana Wavuya kakhulu, unako ukunika sine. Inkqubo ngqo iqala indawo yomguli esofeni intloko yakhe aphoswe umva. inaliti iphathwa yotywala, elandelwa wadubula kummandla kukunaba iindawo ezithile izinto eziphilayo. Yenza ukudubula ezimbalwa kufuneka, njengokuba okuhlatywa linye akukho mfuneko ukunika ukukhangela isixa eziphathekayo. Okulandelayo, izinto ekhethiweyo obekwe kwi iglasi ize ithunyelwe iimviwo histological.

Izithintelo nomonde

Kuba isigulana umda: ayikwazi ukuginya ngexesha le nkqubo. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-inaliti ibhityile kakhulu, kwaye ukuyilwa encinane, ngoko kuhlabana encinane ungathumela inaliti kwicala ephosakeleyo kwaye alisayi kuwathathela loo nto. Inkqubo yonke luyenziwa kusetyenziswa umatshini ultrasound. Le ukuze ukulawula ulwalathiso inaliti phantsi kwesikhumba, kwenyusa amathuba livela kwiyunithi ochaphazelekayo. Inkqubo yonke ithabatha ubuninzi kangangesiqingatha seyure, ukuba unako ukwenza njengoko sisigulana, kwaye lo gama esibhedlele.

Ukuvavanywa iziphumo zale nkqubo

iimviwo Cytological of leesampulu ezifunyenwe wathabatha umlinganiselo ngeveki enye. Ukuchaneka iziphumo liphezulu kakhulu - 95%, hayi 100, kuba kukho into wesintu abasebenzi eyenza okuhlatywa, musa kusoloko inqanaba ngokwaneleyo qualification, kunye nenkqubo ngokwayo yinto ethile. Ipesenti ephezulu iSifo ezitenxileyo okanye uninformative iwela iimeko umzekelo iindawo, ubukhulu apho awufikeleli isentimitha enye.

amagama ebubonisayo kwimeko nkqubo hlobo goiter nodular, yaye zonke iinguqulelo zayo. Purity xa kokufumana iziphumo yi-98% yazo zonke iimeko. Xa ebubonisayo ngayo kananjalo kuchazwe kunye nemixube ezifana luxilonga njengoko colloids iqela follicular epithelium - amathuba ntumbuluko kunye iSifo enjalo 95%.

Amabi, ngo-50% yamatyala uxilongwe units:

• ubunzima umehluko adenoma;
• node iimpawu atypia;
• zixhaphakile le epithelium follicular.

Kwiimeko ezinjalo, amagama kule - neoplasia follicular.

Kuyingozi kakhulu kwaye kaninzi ke iSifo amabi:

• zikwi lokufunyaniswa carcinoma indawo yobubi phantse ikhulu elinye ekhulwini;
• carcinoma okusolwayo - malunga 80-90 ekhulwini okuba;
• ngo-70% yamatyala lokufunyaniswa yobubi staging ayikwazi kulawula ngaphandle udumbo wolusu.

Uhlalutyo olongezelelweyo iisampuli

Kwezinye iimeko, iziphumo lengqula biopsy kufuneka uphando. Umzekelo, ngokufuthi kuqhuba iimvavanyo egungxula kunye inaliti phambi thyroglobulin okanye calcitonin. Ezi mvavanyo ke bangawuphucula ukuchaneka uphando, ukuba iziphumo zophando eqhelekileyo esingcono, ngoko adenomas maxa wambi ezichongiweyo kwamadlala parathyroid, apho ibekwe ngaphakathi ingaba lengqula.

Xa kugqityiwe Iziphumo biopsy lengqula wohlalutyo banikwa kwisigulana kwiifomu ezikhethekileyo. Kukho zibhalwe zonke iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo ezifunyenwe emva kokuba iisampulu zovavanyo: status node, indawo, ubungakanani, njalo njalo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, elona xesha lininzi belinde iziphumo - yiloo iintsuku ezisi-7, maxa wambi elide, kwezinye kumaziko, phezu koko, lo gama icakaca uvavanyo ziintsuku 1-2.

Enye indlela lihlole yobubi

Radioisotope ukuskena - yenye indlela ukukhangela imo lweendawo. Akazange kulawula ukuba i biopsy, kwaye linyathelo lokuqala phambi kwakhe. Xa isigama zonyango, kukho imiba emibini: iindawo ashushu nabandayo. iiseli thyroid ukufunxa ayodini eyinxalenye le ndlala. Xa elawulwa nomntu ogulayo of ayodini radioactive kwi imifanekiso lengqula 2 ukucima umfanekiso. Ukuba ibandla ndlala iquka material yeselula, leyo, ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, ngaba awunako ukufunxa ayodini, kuvela umfanekiso oluhlaza, yaye iya kuba kwindawo ebandayo. Ukuba iodine esebenzayo ako, umfanekiso ujika umfanekiso-orenji eqaqambileyo, kuya kuba kwindawo eshushu.

Ukumisela components limsulwa kule mifanekiso kunzima kakhulu, kodwa ke xa sithetha malunga kunokwenzeka, ukuba esiludumbo eshushu, amathuba ukuba olubulalayo, angaphantsi kakhulu ukuba umfanekiso emva olungaphesheya. Ekubeni radioisotope ukuskena asisiniki impendulo ecacileyo, oogqirha namanje zigcine kokubhenela kwi uxilongo lokugqibela ingqondo ngohlobo biopsy le ingaba lengqula.

A biopsy ye esinobubovu lengqula: iziphumo

Zokuhlatywa le nobubovu lengqula, enyanisweni - kuba inkqubo engeyongozi ngokupheleleyo. Emva kokuba phantse akazange nokuphuhlisa naziphi na iingxaki, yaye ukuba unayo, iya kuba ncinane kakhulu. Ngoko ke, into embi enokwenzeka - ukopha kwindawo iqhina okanye ukudumba kwindawo okuhlatywa, ezi iingxaki baphathwa sabaqalayo.

Abanye kancinane-unolwazi okanye, kubantu ngokubanzi, engasazi bakholelwa ukuba wesibeleko node nkovu emva kokuthatha isampula ebubonisayo, abe amabi, kodwa i zingamampunge epheleleyo yokuba alwenzeki. yamathumba ebubonisayo unokuba amabi, ngokwenkcazo, kuphela ukhetho - oko ukuba ugqirha ngethuba loviwo iisampulu balemoneka into, kodwa kuyenzeka kunqabile kakhulu. Ngokubanzi, musa ukuphulaphula amabali malunga iipropati eyoyikekayo, nto leyo eyayidume biopsy le nobubovu lengqula, imiphumo kuyo azilutho ngokupheleleyo.

Kunokuba umhlaza ukuba kwakungelula

Ukuba esiludumbo ngumhlaza, loo nto sisifo esibulalayo yaye ekuqaleni. Ukuba ekuqaleni ukukhula kula macandelo yayingakhiwanga ngohlobo lokuba kukho kuvela umhlaza akakwazi. Inyaniso kukuba xa Lendawo iqala ukukhula, kuba sele ifumaneka Oncology. Nangona node esingaqalwanga ukukhula, kukho kakhulu ukujonga kutheni WHO lithethelela uvavanyo kuphela ezo nodes ukuba kugqithisela ubukhulu 1 cm okanye ngaphantsi ukuba ukuyilwa, kodwa iziphumo ultrasound kulo ngokucacileyo zimpawu akhoyo zomhlaza.

Ewe, kunjalo, kukho iimeko apho emva kokuba okuhlatywa emva kokuba isibini kweminyaka, esiludumbo iqala ukukhula, yaye emva kokuba inkqubo okwesibini kubonakala ukuba kusekho abe umhlaza. Ngoko kukho loo intetho esilusizi njenge "umhlobo wam delalalas biopsy le nobubovu lengqula, ukubuyekeza elungileyo kwaye emva kokuba inkqubo iinyanga ezintandathu kwiqhina waqalisa ukukhula, yintoni na ingxaki apha?". Eyona nto ibalulekileyo apha kukuba, ukuba lo mhlaza kwabonakala nje ngoku, ingxaki idla ubalekela endaweni bokuqonda ezintathu:

• Le okuhlatywa yokuqala eyenziwa i ubukhulu iyunithi encinci kakhulu. Kungenzeka, ugqirha, xa ukwenza inkqubo, wathatha nje umbandela ephosakeleyo, ngamanye amazwi, musa wabetha yunithi.

• kwesampulu indlela engafanelekanga. Ezinye iingcali, ingakumbi abo basebenza kwiidolophu ezincinane xa biopsy le nobubovu lengqula, koko kakuhle ulwazi, yaye kufuneka enze, kokukhona musa ukuba, yiloo iziphumo engalunganga zifunyenwe.

• Ugqirha-cytologist, xa khowudi yasiwa kumbhalo ziqhuba biopsy le nobubovu lengqula, ayikwazanga ukunceda iqaphela ngezifo. Le nkqubo ngokwayo inokwenziwa ngokupheleleyo kunye neesampuli nazo ukufumana okulungileyo, kodwa ugqirha-cytologist ulwazi ebaluleke kakhulu, ngenxa yenyameko yakhe ixhomekeke ukuxilongwa echanekileyo.

Yiloo zonke kukho ukwazi malunga nendlela biopsy lengqula lwenziwa, yintoni na yaye kutheni kufuneka khona.