Aluminium brand: iintlobo, iimpawu kunye nezicelo

Namhlanje, aluminium lisetyenziswa phantse onke amashishini, ukusukela ukuveliswa izitya ukutya kunye nesiphelo kunye nokudalwa fuselages le nangeziphekepheke. Kuba la okanye ezinye iinkqubo zokuvelisa zifanelekile amabanga kuphela ezithile aluminiyam lwazo iipropati ezithile physicochemical. Eyona engundoqo iimpawu intsimbi - le conductivity eliphezulu thermal, ductility, kunye plasticity, nokumelana, ubunzima ukukhanya kunye nokumelana ohmic ephantsi. Ba ngokomlinganiselo ngqo ipesenti ubumdaka kumafa wayo, kwakunye ubuchwepheshe imveliso okanye ziqu. Ngako oko, ezingasese eziphambili aluminium brand.

iintlobo aluminium

Zonke iintlobo ngentsimbi ochazwe zibandakanywe kwinkqubo enye imigangatho eyaziwayo yesizwe neyamazwe ngamazwe: i-European EN, American ASTM International kunye ISO. Kwilizwe lethu uphawu aluminiyam kuchaziwe GOST 11069 no 4784. Kuzo zonke amaxwebhu ze -aluminiyam kwaye aluminium yayo iqatshelwa ngokwahlukeneyo. Xa olu ngokwayo yahlulwe zamabakala kunye aluminiyamu azichazwanga ngokukodwa iimpawu.

Ngokuhambisana nemigangatho yesizwe neyamazwe ngamazwe babefanele bahlule iintlobo ezimbini emincinci aluminium unalloyed:

• limsulwa eliphezulu kunye ipesenti ngaphezu kwe-99,95%;
• grade zobugcisa, equlethe ubumdaka malunga-1% kunye nezongezelelo.

Njengoko le khompawundi ukungcola zentsimbi kunye lesilicon ingqwalasela rhoqo. Kwi-ISO njengomgangatho aluminiyam kwaye aluminium azabelweyo lukhulu eyahlukileyo.

aluminium brand

uhlobo lobuchwepheshe izinto yahlulwe kumabanga athile, eyabelwe imilinganiselo ahambelanayo, umz AD0 ngokutsho GOST 4784-97. In ngezigaba iquka metal ezitsho eziphakamileyo ukuze ukudala lihlazo. Le sibandakanya brand zilandelayo:

1. Primary (A5, A95, A7E).
2. Technical (AD1, AD000, DT).
3. Le deformable (AMg2, D1).
4. Foundry (VAL10M, AK12pch).
5. For steel deoxidizing (AV86, AV97F).

Ngaphezu koko, iindidi ekwanti kunye ezihlangene - aluminiyam khompawundi kusetyenziswa ukuvelisa aluminium zegolide, isilivere, platinum kunye nezinye amatye anqabileyo.

aluminium primary

aluminium Primary (A5 mark) - umzekelo wendlela eli qela. Kokuba lukhutshwe ekwandiseni alumina. Kwindalo, intsimbi ekwimo yayo enyulu akwenzeki ngenxa reactivity yalo phezulu. Idibanisa kwezinye izinto, yenza bauxites, nepheline kunye alunite. Kamva, le nezentsimbi ekrwada ezi alumina, yaye ukusuka apho ngoncedo kwemichiza ezimbaxa kunye neenkqubo zomzimba - aluminium ecocekileyo.

GOST 11069 umisela iimfuneko zamaBakala ze-aluminiyam ephambili, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba ngokusebenzisa oonotsheluza nkqo nethe tyaba imibala eyahlukileyo ezingqondweni. Le ncwadi ifumaneka ukusetyenziswa kabanzi kumacandelo mveliso phambili, ingakumbi apho izinto ekrwada kufuna iimpawu eziphakamileyo zobugcisa.

aluminium technical

Technical wabiza izinto aluminiyam kunye ipesenti umcimbi amazwe ngaphantsi kwe-1%. Amaxesha amaninzi ikwabizwa ngokuba undoped. Technical grade alumina GOST 4784-97 namandla elisezantsi kakhulu, kodwa ukuxhathisa high umhlwa. Ngenxa yokungabikho kwi ukwakhiwa alloying amasuntswana metal phezu komhlaba umboniso abunjwe ngokukhawuleza oxide zokhuselo leyo uzinzile. Izitampu aluminium zobugcisa ezahlukeneyo kunye conductivity elungileyo thermal kunye zombane. Xa emkhusaneni abo ezinto phantse akukho ubumdaka leyo kubaphangalalisa electron kwemali. Ngenxa ezi zakhiwo, izinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu lezixhobo, ekuvelisweni kweti i-zokufudumeza kunye nezixhobo kobushushu, amanqaku izibane.

usebenzile aluminium

Ibhekisa izinto aluminiyam bekwenzile, nto leyo ufakwa yokusebenza ashushu nabandayo: ukuziqengqa, ngokucindezela, ukuzoba kunye nezinye iintlobo. Ngenxa yoko, deformation zeplastiki yayo ifunyenwe semifinished ezahlukeneyo icandelo longitudinal: intonga aluminiyam, iphepha, umcu, ipleyiti, kunye nezinye iiprofayili. brand izinto ezinkulu deformable asetyenziswe imveliso yasekhaya, zidweliswe kule migaqo: GOST 4784, OCT1 92014-90, OCT1 90048 no OCT1 90026. A phawu uphawu le feedstock gqitha yi isakhiwo isisombululo esiluqilima ezinomthamo eliphezulu eutectic - isigaba engamanzi leyo lizama zikarhulumente ezibini okanye ngaphezulu esiqinileyo.

Scope aluminium deformable njengoko omnye apho intonga aluminiyam isicelo, kumba kakhulu. Oku kusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezifuna iimpawu eziphakamileyo zobugcisa izinto - in boat- kunye emoyeni, kwaye kwiziza zokwakha njengoko ingxubevange welding.

aluminium Foundry

Foundry aluminium grade ezisetyenziselwa imveliso amanqaku ezimise. osemqoka zazo eziphambili ludibaniso kukho amandla athile aphezulu nokuxinana ephantsi, nto leyo evumela ukuphosa izinto zeemilo olunzima ng.

Ngokutsho injongo yabo, iimpawu bephosa yahlulwe ngamaqela:

1. izinto Kwavingcelwa (AL2, AL9, AL4M).
2. Izinto zokwakha amandla aphezulu kunye nokumelana nobushushu (AL 19, AL5, AL33).
3. Izinto kunye nokumelana eliphezulu.

Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi nokusebenza kweemveliso eyenziwe aluminium ngodongwe ukuphucula iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango ubushushu.

Deoxidation aluminium

Indlela imveliso eyenziweyo kunye nempembelelo leyo eye iimpawu ezibonakalayo aluminium. Nokusetyenziswa esezantsi-grade ezizindidi ngeendidi zezinto zokufunda ayiphelelanga nokudalwa mveliso ephakathi. Amaxesha amaninzi isetyenziselwa deoxidation ngentsimbi - ekususeni oksijini evela intsimbi olutyhidiweyo leyo ithe yapheliswa waza ngokwenjenjalo uphucula iimpawu mechanical le sentsimbi. Ukwenza le nkqubo, i AV86 grade ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo ngokuqhelekileyo kunye AV97F.