Yintoni na izithako zesamente?

Cement - enye izinto zokwakha ezingundoqo ezisetyenzisiweyo kule ndawo ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Ukwakheka isamente iquka inani izinto ezingaphiliyo apho wadibana ngamanzi zenze ebizwa ngokuba yi-isisombululo. Uluhlu iimpawu ezithile emzimbeni, xa zomile isisombululo lukhuni.

Cement iveliswa ngeendlela ezininzi, kodwa uninzi lwazo ukusetyenziswa ezimbini eziphambili: nobushushu. imveliso yawo - inkqubo luyabiza namandla-kakhulu. I ekuthiwa-elitshisiweyo kwimo yalo yantlandlolo zilayishwa lezonka okhethekileyo, uze sintering le clinker. Ngexesha inkqubo yokuvelisa iziko lusoloko ajikelezwe, ukuze clinker oko ngokufanayo mixed. Oku kukuvumela ukuba umxube yohlobo olunye ngakumbi ngokulinganayo zaphela.

Ukwakheka isamente yayiquka oxide yentsimbi. Kuye nefuthe elikhulu kakhulu kwinkalo yomgangatho onesiphumo umxube lwesamente. Kunokomeleza kwizinga eliphezulu - enesiqulatho yentsimbi oxide ye malunga ne-10%. Kule ratio oxides nempembelelo kakhulu kwi izimbiwa ukwakheka. Nangona kunjalo, bonke umlinganiselo kuyimfuneko, ngoko ukunyusa ubungakanani oxide intsimbi isamente lifinyele nomgangatho wayo ngokubanzi.
Ireyithi avumelekile eliphezulu igqalwa 25% oxide yentsimbi. Njengoko usazi, isamente kwakhona isetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa okanye ukuyilwa kwezakhiwo ubushushu-ukumelana nezakhiwo. Kulo mzekelo, ubukho oxides insimbi ayamkelekanga. Ukongezelela, imali yesinyithi kunefuthe elingqalileyo umbala wesamente: lighter oko kukuthi, i ngaphantsi ipesenti kwezithako. isamente Grey, ngokuchaseneyo, uye kubume bayo umxholo liphezulu oxides yentsimbi.

Ukuba ibattery ngakumbi ubume eekhemikhali zesamente, kuyenzeka ukuba sibone kwaye alumina. Isixa omkhulu alumina equlethwe ekwakhiweni nesamente, ebunika iimpawu ukuxhathisa ubushushu. Ngokomgangatho, isiqulatho isamente ukwimo yi malunga ne-60%.

Ukongeza kwezi oxides, sisincoko isamente iquka oxides calcium, lesilicon, wemagniziyam. abavelisi Cement ngenkuthalo ukulwa ukuze iimveliso zabo musa i oxide chromium, nto leyo metal esebenzayo kwaye uqalisa ngayo olungafunekiyo chemical.

Kuxhomekeka nokwakhiwa zesamente, yahlulelwe kwii ntlobo ukuba ezahlukeneyo iimpawu ngokwasemzimbeni: gipsoshlakovy, isicwangciso ekhawulezayo, uthuthu, alumina, gipsoglinozemisty kunye manzi.

Ukwakheka isamente ukuphucula iimpawu zayo ukongeza ongeziweyo ezahlukeneyo kwezimbiwa esebenzayo. Yokuba imvelaphi ngokwendalo okanye. Kwezithako e isamente ulunika iimpawu ezahlukeneyo: iphucula workability kunye nokwanda turnover, ukuphucula scalability, ukunciphisa shrinkage, plasticity iyayitshintsha mninzi. Ngaphezu koko, ukongeza kwezi zinto negalelo iyahlala namandla ka slurries zesamente.

Kwezithako e isamente azisetyenziswa kuphela ukwenzela ukuphucula ezinye iimpawu zayo ezithile emzimbeni, kodwa kwakhona ukutshintsha, umzekelo, umbala. Ukuze ezi njongo, ungasebenzisa i paint rhoqo.