Amashishini lomqolo - uluhlu lwamaziko ngokucwangcisekileyo ezibalulekileyo ...

Uluhlu lwamashishini qhinga Russian ziquka kwezolimo owaziwa ngolo hlobo xa intlanganiso uthumo olukhethekileyo loPhuhliso loQoqosho, umsebenzi wakhe isekelwe kwiziphumo esweni imisebenzi zemali kunye nezoqoqosho kwamashishini amakhulu.

definition

amashishini lomqolo - liqumrhu loshishino ezizalisekisa isethi imiqathango ethile. Kushishino ukuziphendulela le, "inkqubo-lweshishini" nelithi "amashishini qhinga".

Uluhlu lwamashishini obuchule enziwe ngaphakathi bendawo ethile, iiyunithi zengingqi indawo, kwakunye karhulumente xa iyonke. Hi xikombiso, le iintsimbi amashishini lomqolo South County eziphambili leyo kwimimandla Rostov kunye Volgograd ziquka amaqumrhu yoshishino ukugxininisa nokuveliswa kwemibhobho ingenamthungo kushishino imichiza, i-petroleum kunye petrochemical, kwakunye nobunjineli amandla elishishina ngezithuthi kwaye thermal.

Ukudala uluhlu

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, iinkampani ze - oku liqumrhu loshishino elikhulu ukuba kwezona khrayitheriya ethile, leyo zenziwa yi-Departmental Commission kunye yoMphathiswa wezeMali kunye nabameli kobuPhathiswa of Economic Development.

Ngexesha lezi ntlanganiso-nxaxheba kuxoxwe ngemiba enxulumene kwimimandla engundoqo esweni zemali kunye nezoqoqosho ukusebenza kwamashishini, kwakunye nokuphuhlisa amashishini lwabiwo-ngokwenza eRashiya.

neenqobo ezisemgangathweni kwamashishini qhinga

Phakathi iinqobo ezisemgangathweni, phantsi apho inkampani kunganxulunyaniswa udidi zenkqubo, ezi zinto zilandelayo kufuneka ziphawuliwe:

- amandla uzobe olwenziwe iziko loshishino (ubukho ubugcisa phambili kwaye ezizodwa efakwe kuluhlu olufanelekileyo, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba umbutho lokuziphendulela belizwe);

- eziphembelela uzinzo lwasekuhlaleni, enxulumene ukugcinwa kwemisebenzi kunye nokunqanda ngqesho yobunzima;

- ibalulekileyo ekugcineni izibonelelo kunye nemveliso zombini ndisezintanjeni;

- ukuphunyezwa kweeprojekthi injalo mali;

- ukubulawa izivumelwano kunye nezibophelelo ngamazwe.

criteria belinani

Kukho inani leendlela ubuninzi, kufuneka athobele nenkqubo-lweshishini. Zezi:

- kwengeniso ngonyaka (umzekelo, 2014) - billion 10 engange .. (Icandelo Production) kunye eziibhiliyoni ezi-4. Thambisani. (Kuba nezolimo);

- imali yerhafu ehlawulwa uhlahlo lwabiwo-onke amanqanaba kule minyaka mithathu idlulileyo kufuneka ixabise: kushishino - engange ngaphezulu kwama-5 kwezolimo - evela engange billion 2) ....

- Inani labasebenzi - imveliso kunye nezolimo ngabantu 4 amawaka .. yaye amawaka 1.5. bantu. ngokulandelelana.

Amanqanaba ukubunjwa uluhlu kwamashishini qhinga

Okokuqala, iziko loshishino faka umzimba zonke izinto eziyimfuneko efanelekileyo yamazwe elilawulayo, engqina ukuthobela iikhrayitheriya ezicaciswe.

Okwesibini, igunya elilawulayo ulinganisa amaxwebhu angeniswe. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukuze ucele iziko loshishino ngakumbi izinto. Ukwenza le sigaba kuya kufuneka kwiintsuku ezili-15. Ngenxa yoko, izimvo ezibhaliweyo malunga ekulandeleni le ubuninzi lweshishini kunye neenqobo ezisemgangathweni. Le ithunyelwe kwi-Departmental kwiKomishoni we kwiSebe loPhuhliso loQoqosho.

Okwesithathu, iKomishoni kwamasebe ingqalelo izinto ezingenisiweyo kwaye isigqibo sokuba ziquka inkampani uluhlu lwemibutho qhinga.

Ke ekugqibeleni, inyathelo lokugqibela ukuqwalaselwa kwezindululo kwintlanganiso weKomishoni kaRhulumente kunye izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ukufakwa iqumrhu loshishino kuluhlu lwengxelo.

Amaxwebhu ekufuneka ingeniswe ukulungiselela ukufakwa kuLuhlu

Phakathi amaxwebhu ngoku ukuba enikezelwe kwiqumrhu ngenjongo yokufakwa kule kuluhlu yamashishini qhinga, ezi zinto zilandelayo kufuneka ziphawuliwe:

- amazwi ezizodwa;

- ikopi yonke impahla amaxwebhu lesiseko, kubameli;

- iziko zebhanki efanelekileyo isigqibo sekomiti ngetyala, elibonelela amashishini imali waboleka;

- isicwangciso soshishino lwemisebenzi (ngoku acwangcisiweyo) kwa kwelixesha kude kube intlawulo epheleleyo ye-mboleko okanye bond umba. Olu xwebhu luya kuvumela ukuvavanya elubala imisebenzi yezoqoqosho kunye yemali yequmrhu isicelo ukuze zifakwe kuluhlu yamashishini qhinga;

- isiqinisekiso kungekho tyala kwi nkampani na amatyala ityala kwi-Russian Federation, kwakunye neentlawulo zerhafu.

Uluhlu lwamaziko ngokucwangcisekileyo ezibalulekileyo ekupheleni kuka-2014

Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation yamkele uluhlu lwe amashishini kufuneka ukuba banikwe anti-ntlekele aid kwindawo yokuqala. Formation yolu luhlu neplani ukuxhasa nabameli zamashishini enkulu. Okubangela malunga 57% ye-GDP ne-69% yemveliso iyonke.

Noko ke, ukuba iziko ishishini ithathwa namashishini lomqolo akuthethi ukuba kuphela nako ukufumana inkxaso evela kurhulumente. Kuye kuqala kwiinto zonke, kuya kwenziwa ukuba imiqathango engqongqo ukuze kuphuculwe intsebenzo.

On iziphumo ka-2014 uluhlu kuquka kuphela iinkampani inkulu ukubanjwa kunye nokubaluleka ngobuchule lizwe (umzekelo, izikhululo zeenqwelo-moya okanye iindiza). Olu luhlu luquka i iinkampani kangako, umzekelo, abameli ngemixokelelwane esikhulu ezifana "Dixy Group", "Auchan", "Metro Cash and Carry." Loo meko ingacaci evakalayo njengoko ubukho kudini liphezulu kurhwebo, kwakunye yokungabikho iimfuno ukunqanda amaxabiso imibuzo malunga nenkxaso karhulumente kothungelwano yorhwebo abanye iintshiyi. iivenkile Modern kunye hypermarkets akukho iilahleko kunye neendleko nokunyuka kubuyiselwa mali ngazo yi yokunyuka kwamaxabiso ezinto.

Uluhlu lokuqala kwamashishini qhinga wasekwa ngo-2008, xa Russia naye phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zoqoqosho. Nangona uluhlu kuquka iinkampani, phakathi kwazo 34 kwisifundo yokulawulwa 300 agro-mveliso complex kunye noshishino ukutya. Namhlanje, inani lamacandelo bathi liye lancipha ukuya 32 Inani elipheleleyo leenkampani ezinjalo kuluhlu - 199.

Inkxaso byudzhetformiruyuschih asaqalayo

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho iqela imiba enxulumene ukuxhasa amashishini olucwangcisiweyo ezingekahlawulwa kumgangatho karhulumente kulo.

Okokuqala, akukho iindlela ezithile kunye neentlobo zenkxaso karhulumente.

Okwesibini, kwi website esemthethweni iSebe loPhuhliso loQoqosho of the Russian Federation waphawula ukuba kuluhlu lwe amashishini akufuneki ukuba achaze inkxaso iya kunikwa. Iinkcukacha-manani ngo-2008 iyakungqina oku. Kwezi iinkampani 300, malunga 37 kuphela bakwazi ukufumana inkxaso-mali evela mali karhulumente, 11 - mali, kunye 10 - uqinisekisa karhulumente. Uncedo wafumana iinkampani-40 kuphela. Ngelo xesha elinye iintlobo ezintathu zoncedo likarhulumente - izifundo 6 (kaloliwe Russian kunye noshishino wokhuselo).

kwiinkampani ze-oyile negesi basala ngaphandle kwenkxaso bonke. Kodwa kulo nyaka banako ukufumana inkxaso-mali evela kwiNgxowa-mali Welfare yeSizwe.

Uluhlu lwamashishini ezinkulu kwiNgingqi Moscow

Kanye njengoko kwenziwe luphela liphela eRashiya, amashishini ngumqolo echaziwe kummandla eMoscow. Olu luhlu luquka i iinkampani ezinkulu 288. Uluhlu epapashwa kwi-website esemthethweni Ministry of Investment, ummandla eMoscow. iinqobo ziye ziqwalaselwe njengoko inani labasebenzi, leyo mayingagqithi abantu 500, kwakunye igalelo elikhulu kuqoqosho isixeko okanye kumasipala.

Uluhlu lwamaziko ngokucwangcisekileyo ezibalulekileyo kummandla eMoscow kunye amashishini ezibhaliswe kwi kuluhlu olungqamelanayo kwi lonke Russia. La maziko ibhizinisi "Demikhovsky Engineering Plant", "Flight Research Institute. MM Gromov, "" Metrovagonmash "njl

Ngenxa yoko, siyabona ukuba le nkampani kubaluleke qhinga hayi kuphela kummandla eMoscow, kodwa naseRussia njengohlobo sonke, kunye nenkxaso karhulumente ahambelanayo kufuneka lubonelelwe.