Anatomy of amathambo wesibeleko, isakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi

umnqonqo yabantu wenziwe ezingaphezu kwama-30 amalungu omqolo, ezo zidityaniswe zibe ngamaqela-5. Oku wesibeleko, thoracic, empontshwa, sacrum kunye coccyx. Ngalinye umnqonqo na umsebenzi wayo kunye neempawu zesakhiwo. Kukho ukwahlukana phakathi omqolo, phezu zobuxoki oyinyaniso. Sacrum kunye coccyx kunganxulunyaniswa kwiqela omqolo lobuxoki.

kwalapho wesibeleko

Lingakanani omqolo wesibeleko yahlukile ezinye? zikhangeleka njani na? Le mibuzo ngokulula wathi, ukwazi ubume lomqolo.

Xa yomqolo, 7 omqolo wesibeleko, leyo wenene qela. Bona kunye nabanye lungu-dystrophy isixhobo ngalunye olulodwa, nto leyo equka IiCD intervertebral namalungu. isakhiwo Flexible ikuvumela ukuba uqhube xa uqhuba ukunciphisa umthwalo kwi umnqonqo nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko yayo.

Onke amalungu omqolo yomqolo wesibeleko kunye ubudala, ukuphuhlisa kwaye enze lordosis - a ukugoba ekhethekileyo emacaleni kusikhumbuza wephiko. vertebra ngamnye wahlukile ukusuka komnye.

Le ezakhiwe ngayo vertebra wesibeleko, eyokuqala neyesibini, kwahluka kakhulu kuzo zonke kwabanye. Ngenxa amathambo 1 no-2, munhu a nga vula intloko yakhe kwicala kwaye tilts ukwenza intloko.

komzimba a vertebra

Ubume amathambo ukuba wonke umntu ngokulinganayo. vertebra nganye unomzimba kunye neenkqubo arc. Umzimba - le nxalenye vertebra eqinileyo apho phezulu nasezantsi lijongene enye omqolo, ngaphambili kwicala phiko buncinci, emva atshabalalisa.

Zonke umzimba vertebral lixhotyiswe emngxunyeni eyondlayo apho imithambo yegazi kunye kwalapho.

Le pewa a vertebra Ulobumba foramen vertebral umda ngasemva kunye namacala. Ofumaneka ngaphezu omnye komnye, jike zenza lomsele spinal. Ngokuba kuye umnqonqo udlula.

ubuso Posterolateral imizimba vertebral baqalisa valiweyo kwakhiwa unyawo arch vertebral leyo engena ipleyiti arch vertebral.

On imiphezulu (ephezulu nesezantsi) zemilenze ezichaphazelekayo cut vertebral. Ukubambelela i vertebra osecaleni, kwakha umngxuma intervertebral.

vertebra arc uye iinkqubo 7. inkqubo Spinous uyalwa posteriorly. I-6 nesithandwa sakhe. Ilunga eliphezulu, edibeneyo aphantsi iinkqubo ezinqamlezayo.

Zonke 4 baxhotyiswa inkqubo articular indawo ezimanyeneyo. Ngoncedo lwabo, amathambo ezikufutshane ziye zaba nto-nye.

Anatomy of the omqolo wesibeleko

omqolo wesibeleko iyeza ekuthiwa oonobumba exube (unobumba C kwaye inani ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-7). Amalungu omqolo luphawulwa ngamaqumrhu ephantsi landiswa phantsi. phiko zomzimba (ekunene eliphezulu, phambi ephantsi umva). E 3-6 omqolo phezu ephezulu buqapheleke imiphetho icala ephakamileyo uhlobo hook umzimba.

umngxuma ezinomqolo yahlukile imilo olunxantathu, ebanzi.

iinkqubo Articular kuthelekiswa nabanye, elifutshane, obliquely bemi, kwaye umphezulu okanye khaxa kancinane okanye iflethi.

inkqubo Spinous ukuqala nge-2, 7 isiphelo omqolo kancane elide. 6 vertebra liyacandeka ekupheleni, ngaba ezantsi othanda kancinane.

Iinkqubo ezinqamlezayo zimfutshane, ingabhekiswa emacaleni. Phezulu kwe kummango nganye efikelela emseleni. It wohlula amaqhuma kwi ngaphambili nangasemva, njengoko eyipasile luvo yomnqonqo.

Anatomy of the vertebra wesibeleko umdla iiyantlukwano zalo. Umzekelo, 6 vertebra ingakumbi lobe ngaphambili. Vala kuyo kukho wadlula carotid kwemithambo, nto leyo licinezelwe ekulahlekeni igazi kuye. Ngoko ke, lo esigingqini kuthiwa zalala.

Iinkqubo ezinqamlezayo akhiwa iinkqubo ezimbini. Front - a rudiment le iimbambo, emva - inkqubo ngokwakho. Zombini iinkqubo - kuba uvula izingxi. Hole-ebizwa igazi vertebral, njengoko uwele ukuba umthambo vertebral naseVienna kunye plexus novelwano luvo.

Yahlukile kwezinye amathambo

Ukususela omqolo eseleyo zahluke: i vertebra lokuqala wesibeleko (sabheka) kunye yesibini (axis vertebra), yesixhenxe (vertebra eveleleyo).

I vertebra lokuqala

Kule sabheka akukho umzimba kunye nenkqubo spinous. Vertebra amelwe ezinjengezangqa lisekwa jike amabini (ngaphambili nangesemva). Ezi jike ke amaqhina oqhagamshelwano yi izihlwele ezikhethekileyo lateral. Top wephiko neqanda liqhagamshelene ithambo Occipital, umzantsi kunye kumphezulu phantse tyaba le vertebra yesibini.

Xa phambi arc has esigingqini, ngasemva kukho indawo encinane ivi - Izinyo emhadini.

Ezomva le arc na tubercle, yaye phezu emqeleni apho kwemithambo vertebral (ngamanye amaxesha ajikwa itshaneli).

Anatomy of the sabheka omqolo wesibeleko yahlukile phakathi kwabanye. Kunye iintlobo ezimbini omqolo udibaniso ekhethekileyo evumela ukwenza iintshukumo ezahlukeneyo entloko.

vertebra yesibini

Le vertebra lesibini i wobomi wawusalathiswa liqumrhu izinyo, kwincam eliphela (ngokucacileyo kunye fossa sabheka izinyo sobuKristu umphezulu articular, i sabheka lungu ezinqamlezayo ngokudibeneyo ezikufutshane kumphezulu ngasemva).

It lijikeleza emhlabeni, yaba lukakayi izinyo kunye vertebra lokuqala wesibeleko.

iinkqubo ezinqamlezayo ngaphandle maqhuqhuva kunye vee ye-luvo yomnqonqo.

vertebra wesixhenxe

Somlomo yesixhenxe vertebra wesibeleko yahlukile kwi ukuba ine inkqubo ende spinous (nerazdvoenny). Yena kubonwa ngeliso lenyama, kwaye kulula ukuba Andilungi ngesikhumba. Ngenxa yale msebenzi, baza igama layo. Ngaphandle koku, omnye vertebra kunye neenkqubo elide enqamlezileyo. Le mingxuma ezifana okanye ezincinane, okanye angabikho emsebenzini.

Ungqameko olungezantsi umphezulu icala lomzimba kudla kuyinkalo (fossa costal). Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-isiphambuka umkhondo entloko 1 ubambo.

Onke amalungu omqolo wesibeleko - ingamathambo womelele kwaye womelele. Ukwazi iimpawu zazo, kube lula sizimisele imbonakalo ithambo lomqolo.