Antifa - umbutho ochasene Fascism. Kodwa yonke into ilula kangaka?

inkqubela Technical, ukuphuhliswa imingxilo ngemingxilo umsebenzi, ukuphuculwa yenkcubeko ngokubanzi - yonke oku iqatshelwe khosi yophuhliso yehlabathi lanamhlanje. Noko ke, - hayi zonke. Njengenxalenye ukuvela yemibutho kunye nemisinga kwenzeka ingahlaziywa enjalo zijolise ukuphelisa isigxina ezithile, njengoko abameli babo, impembelelo etshabalalisayo engafaniyo kuluntu. Enye yezi ntshukumo i Antifa - lo uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe, uye waphuma waya kulwa naziphi na izenzo Fascism.

Imbali ingenzeka

Antifa - lempucuko, igama elipheleleyo ethi "anti-Fascism", uhlanganise phantsi kwebhanile yayo abameli yasekhohlo kunye necandelo iqela lasekhohlo ezinkulu, kwakunye namaqela azimeleyo kunye nemibutho leyo nokuphelisa ubuhlanga kunye iniyo-nobuNazi.

Lo mbono ke siqala eItali, namaxesha uMussolini. Igama elithi "anti-fascists", "anti-Fascism" kwakuthetha iqela inkokeli emkhosini uzwilakhe, kunye neenkqubo zezityalo kubo.

Ukususela ngo-1923, umanyano efanayo olwalukho eJamani. amalungu alo fanele ku Communist Party eJamani ngexesha Weimar Republic, kodwa kamva wambamba for antifascist kunye wobusoshiyali. Nantoni na, yaye omnye okanye omnye abazange njengabalweli benguqu epheleleyo, yaye abazange balwe nxamnye Fascism hlobo, kodwa wakhanyela ngokwemiqathango elizayo okuqhubekayo yaye wakhuthaza neenjongo Weimar Republic. Xa lizwe okhokelwa Adolf Hitler, lo gama sele ulibele, iye yasetyenziswa kunqabile kakhulu kwaye ezinxulumene uxhathiso wamaKomanisi.

Kwi-USSR anti-fascists - nkqubo elawula

Ewe, anti-Fascism eyayikho eSoviet Union ekulweni abahlaseli ngexesha leMfazwe yeHlabathi yeSibini, kwaye, ngenxa yoko, iMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic. Ngokomzekelo, amabanjwa amaninzi baqeqeshwa kwizifundo zonyango ngabafakwa anti-zwilakhe, baba amaKomanisi, ezifana ibanjwa lemfazwe of Hungary Pal Maléter.

Noko ke, izenzo kobunkokheli eSoviet abazange engaguqukiyo, eyasetyenziswa ngekhono yi uHitler no ku Germany njenge ukuveza lwentshukumo lonke. Ngoko ke, i eSoviet Union wabuyela amakhulu eembacu zopolitiko yobukomanisi ukubuyela kwilizwe labo ikhaya, apho ke musa ukuba nantoni na ngaphandle nxaniso, ukungcungcuthekiswa nokufa.

Ukuhanjiswa yanamhlanje

Namhlanje, anti-fascists - imibutho, iimanyano kunye noluntu ukuba abe njongo yabo iphambili ekutshabalaliseni bonke utyekelo ngokungenalusini karhulumente, eziquka Fascism, udushe, ubuhlanga, intiyo, nokonyanywa kwamaJuda, ubuntshovu-nako konke ekunokuthiwa calulo. Ngamanye amaxesha abameli isenzo lwangoku, nxamnye ongxowankulu.

Ingakumbi ingcamango anti-fascists kumazwe aseYurophu kuphuhliswa, apho wonke ideology "ekhohlo" kune- yomelele eRashiya. Antifascists ukunqanda neo-Nazi imingcelele, izabelo iinyembezi aphethwe ngabo. Ngokubanzi kunokuthiwa ukuba abameli bentshukumo ezahlukeneyo badla kumka iingxaki ezibonakala kufuneka wenze, uhambe uye emfazweni kunye nezinye ngqo, kunye badla kuphelela ngegazi.

Umzekelo, 2009 kufuneka iphawulwe ibe buhlungu ngenxa Russian intshukumo anti-zwilakhe, t intatheli. To. Kwakunjalo ngoko wabulawa Anastasia Baburova, igqwetha eliyi Markelov kunye ntliziyo Ivan Hutorskoy ngelika Bonecrusher. Ngamnye kubo emele nemibutho anti-zwilakhe. La matyala - kuphela ukuhla kolwandle, kunye ndlongo kunye enye, zokuphendula iqabane nolaka nobudlova bubangela ubudlova. Ngaloo ndlela, nangona ukwalela anti-fascists, yaye ukufa ngenxa yabo - ekwindla ka-2012 umfundi Alexander Dudin, owaxhasa iimbono wesizwe, kwi kokulwa encinane wagwazwa esiswini. Ayizange ixesha okuzisa esibhedlele, waza wafela ambulensi.

Kulutsha slang bamelene fascists ebizwa ezinegalelo kwingeniso - nto ultra, isizwe ngokugqibeleleyo, ngabaxelisa njalo kuxokwa-.. bonizma. Ngaphambili, kwaba lula ukubona - ke baphathwa namaqela namaqela athile kwi lesiquluba, kodwa namhlanje ezi mpawu ezikhethekileyo zixubene nabanye, kwaye ngokubanzi, ngokomkhethe shwaka. Bonds, ke, ekuthiwa anti-fascists Shawky.

Antifa e Russia

Kwilizwe lethu, i-anti-fascists - abantu iimbono ezahlukeneyo kwezopolitiko nangobuchule umanyaniswe ingcamango exhaphakileyo ephambili. Namhlanje, anti-fascists - ndawonye, wobusoshiyali, anarchists, benkululeko kwanabo bakude kwaye ayinanto yakwenza nezopolitiko; namaqela rap punk subculture kunye namanye amaqela olutsha. Bonke bephela bakholisa ukuba zikhona ngamaqela ezithile awo ukukhuthaza nokuphuhlisa intshukumo, ngokusekelwe kokulingana kunye nethuba - zipeyintwe kwegrafiti ezindongeni usixhome iipowusta emnandi, ukusasaza ulwazi kwi-Internet okanye ngokuhambelana kunye nezenzo-ezicwangcisiweyo ngokupheleleyo. Enoba intshukumo Antifa kwakhona? EMoscow, nto leyo ekuqaleni lwaluquka inani elincinci kakhulu abameli le meko, namhlanje lujolise nommandla wayo ukuba amawaka anti-fascists, yaye eli nani liyaqhubeka kuphela ukukhula ngokuthe chu.

uphawu

Uphawu ezingundoqo anti-fascists aba iiflegi ebomvu namnyama amatshantliziyo baye baba i "Action Anti-lobuFasi" - intshukumo ngexesha leMfazwe yeHlabathi yeSibini, eyinxenye ye Rot Front Jamani.

Websites, amaphephandaba kunye nezinye izixhobo anti-fascists

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le zokusebenza anti-fascists eziphuhliswe kakhulu ngamandla. Umzekelo, kukho amaphepha ezikhethekileyo kwi social networks lunikezelwa ekuqalisweni kakuhle eli intshukumo, websites anarchist leyo nazo ingqalelo lo mbandela, yaye ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo samizdat, iimagazini namaphephandaba.