Apho orenji kukhula yintoni ilizwe?

Mhlawumbi akukho mntu owayeza ungamthandiyo aba,-orenji sunny eqaqambileyo, iziqhamo amanzi futhi emnandi exotic. Ngelishwa, isityalo onika ezi isiqhamo eqaqambileyo akubi ukukhula sezulu sifudumele.

Eli nqaku ingashwankathelwa ufunde ngezi iziqhamo ezimangalisayo: orenji zikhule apho, iimpawu kunye neemeko zokuhlala kwabo njalo njalo.

ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga-orenji

Igama ngezityalo esi sityalo - umthi-orenji (zesitrasi sinensis). Olu hlobo lomthi iziqhamo bobabo sodidi lwe lwawo (usapho Rutaceae, subfamily orange).

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, orenji ezilinywa inkcubeko. Iziqhamo zayo zithathwa ukuba ezinye zezona okumnandi yaye isempilweni yaye, ke ngoko, baziwa ehlabathini lonke. Apho orenji bekhula, sifunda kancinane. Kwaye layo China.

It isityalo photophilous olukhula kwimihlaba ukukhanya evakalala kunye cala medium.

Ukuphakama umthi ifikelela kwiimitha ezili-12, kwaye ke ixesha eliqhelekileyo ebomini bakhe - engama-75.

Andise idla ngokuba yokumilisela, izithole kunye nembewu.

incazelo

Phambi kokuba uyazi apho orenji bekhula, cinga ukuba umthi. Le fom gqith ifunyenwe umva kumaxesha amandulo ngokuwela iintlobo ezimbini zesitrasi - tangerine kunye pomelo.

Sihlahla ngokwawo, kunye namahlamvu kunokuba exineneyo compact, Namagatya abaselula apho amasebe ngokwawo ngokukwanjalo ameva ezinkulu prickles. imilinganiso yalo zixhomekeke ngqo kwi eyahlukahlukeneyo. Emide ungakwazi ukufikelela-12 leemitha, amiliselwa rootstocks agqiba - iimitha ezi-6, kunye nezityalo nendlu zikhula Akukho mitha ngaphezulu kwe-2.5 ubude. Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo ezincinane, leyo kuba nomphakamo ka-80 cm, yenzelwe ngokukodwa ukuze zisetyenziswe endlwini.

Iimpawu zokukhula

Apho ukukhula orenji, uyakwazi ukubona izinto ezimangalisayo. iingcambu Orange phantse komhlaba kwaye neempawu ezizodwa kufuneka ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa ukulikhulisa kakhulu eli sityalo. Ngokungafaniyo neminye imithi yeziqhamo, iingcambu-orenji abe neenwele iingcambu, ekhuthaza ukufakwa okulungileyo ukufuma kunye nezondlo. Endaweni yoko, iziphelo iingcambu zikwindawo cheholchiki kunye nomngundo zomhlaba ezikhoyo a nezintsonkothileyo isityalo.

Amakhowa akuguquki uhlobo olufikelelekayo iikhompawundi yezimbiwa (okubaluleke - phosphorus), nto leyo ifunxwe izityalo, kwaye endaweni ukufumana ngokwabo acid, iikhabhohayidrethi kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo. igalelo ukwandisa imveliso ngokwandisa abaninzi ingcambu kumphezulu Loo abizwa mycorrhizal.

Kukho kwakhona ingxaki ezinxulumene iziganeko ezinjalo. Loo isityalo sesichengeni ngakumbi ngenxa yokuba mycorrhiza engenako ukumelana ukunqongophala kwamanzi yaye kunzima ukuzinyamezela sesichengeni ezingcanjini. Ngoko ke, kumhlaba alinywe iiorenji, ekukhethwa ukuba kugcinwe i imeko ebalulekileyo. Yeyona ukudalwa yokunkcenkceshela ngumntu.

Apho eRussia ezikhulayo orenji? Yenza iimeko zemozulu iziqhamo zivuthwe ilanga kweli lizwe? Sekunjalo, ukuhluma e Abkhazia nakummandla Krasnodar.

isithelo

Round ezimise iziqhamo-orenji ekuthiwa orange krakra okanye Hesperides. Maxa wambi polyspermous, multi-kwisisu okanye seedless kunye nesakhiwo ka n'wina alo liwanike berry. Isikhumba texture eshinyeneyo athambileyo okusuka ka-0.5 cm. Xa uzijongile oko ogudileyo okanye roughened kancinane, ompe wawutyabeka, kwaye ezantsi kukho umaleko obhityileyo omhlophe (albedo).

Ngokubanzi, Ixolo orange ubunzima ukuya kwi-42% ye-ubunzima zizonke umbungu, kunye nombala kwayo abe ezibuhlazarha, kwaye ukusuka mthubi Ibala limhlophe ufakelele orange.

Ngokuqhelekileyo iziqhamo ukuvumelana exineneyo elastic. mass kwangaphakathi kokuba ezahlulwe sisithuba kwiindawo zokubeka okanye noxolelwano (iiPC-13.) ezaliswe iiseli elikhulu kakhulu kwaye yintlama amanzi ngomculo esimnandi, ubumuncu-amnandi okanye ubumuncu nobukrakra.

Uninzi iintlobo orenji kuye imbewu emhlophe. Kwakhona, kukho iintlobo zezityalo seedless, iziqhamo ezo ziveliswa ngaphandle uvuvuzelo (parthenocarpic).

Apho orenji ikhula - kulo naliphi na ilizwe ehlabathini?

Ukukhulisa iziqhamo citrus (kubandakanywa orenji) kwiimeko nefumileyo yaye ashinyeneyo, apho inobulali nobusika nehlobo ashushu, leyo ilungele ekukhuleni esi sityalo. Kodwa kummandla ngamnye ukuhlakulela iintlobo zazo yesitrasi.

Orenji ezikhulayo kumazwe amaninzi - ukusuka eTshayina ukuya eYurophu. Izityalo zokuqala aziintanga eTshayina, apho Bathotyelwa ziinkundla ukuba iibhanki eYurophu.

Kusekho amazwe ngokwemiqathango yokukhula ezi iziqhamo emnandi exotic. I-orenji ezininzi emnandi ezilinywa enelanga Turkey, iYiputa, Spain, India, USA ne China. Kokuba kakhulu kaninzi kubonwa ezishelfini ngayo abathengi.

Kwaye bazibonise eGrisi, eItali, Algeria, Portugal, Morocco, eAfrika, Japan, Australia, Brazil njalo njalo.

Elokuqukumbela, iintlobo ezizodwa

Phakathi lwawo udle iiorenji igazi. zikhule apho? Iimpawu kubo, Kakade ke, ukuba bomvu ngombala.

ezweni lawo yembali uthathwa eSisili. Kuthathwa ukuba iimeko zemozulu kwezi ndawo zibangelwa yemfuza imibala orange iziqhamo.

blood orange okulungileyo ngenxa yokuba imbewu embalwa. Ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabo anombala Italian osihloko sithi "tarokko". Yena kakhulu amanzi, ubumnandi, kodwa hayi ebomvu iintlobo Spanish "sangvinello". Tarocco Liguqulwe lithatyathwa Italian njenge 'nenkohliso' (ngoko ndalucela kanye umlimi kuqala wabona eli iziqhamo obomvu).