Aplasia (agenesis) Kidney: Oonobangela, iimpawu kunye neempawu unyango

Ngaphandle inkqubo excretory akunakwenzeka ukuba ukucinga umsebenzi umzimba womntu. Enye yeencindi ayo nezintso. Oku nesithandwa lungu, umsebenzi ephambili ekuloo nawo elulwelo kunye namanzi izinto ezinyibilikayo. Kwakhona abachaphazeleka ngqo kulo ukutya kunye ummiselo eseleyo acid-obrak. Umzimba ngokupheleleyo onempilo kukho nezintso zombini. Kwi 2.5% of kuzalwa zizinto ezimbi. Kwaye nangona inqabile, kodwa andafumana kidney engaqhelekanga.

Yintoni aplasia (agenesis) zezintso?

Oonobangela, iimpawu kunye unyango lwezifo ezinqabileyo ezifana iza kuxoxwa ngezantsi. Okokuqala, kufuneka uqonde ukuba lithetha ukuthini la magama.

Xa iincwadi ezahlukeneyo reference zonyango uyakwazi ukufumana umxube iingqiqo ezimbini "aplasia" yaye "agenesis". Ingaba kukho umahluko phakathi kwabo? Agenesis - ukunqongophala ngokupheleleyo omnye okanye bobabini nezintso zombini. Le ngezifo isegazini. Kwisiza umzimba ingekhoyo azazi iziqalelo kwithishyu kwezintso. Aplasia - zesiganeko apho em- retroperitoneal yi umcu kuphela kwizicwili. Ngamanye amazwi, oku kangaka luyalambatha kidney ayikho nako ukwenza umsebenzi wayo.

Xa kusenziwa lwezonyango, akunamsebenzi yeyiphi uhlobo sifo ezifumaneka ebantwaneni. Yaye eneneni, yaye kwelinye icala, iqumrhu epheleleyo angekhoyo. manani isifo esinye nazo zibonelelwe. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ukungaqheleki sezintso akhawunti malunga 7-11% yazo zonke izinto ezimbi bale nkqubo genitourinary.

ulwazi zembali

agenesis sezintso iye yaziwa eluntwini ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Esi sifo nokuba uAristotle ekhankanywe kwiincwadi zakhe. Waqiqa ngelithi xa kukho isilwanyana ngaphandle intliziyo akakwazi, ngaphandle izintso okanye udakada - ngokupheleleyo. Kwi-Renaissance, le ngxaki yaba nomdla Isazinzulu yaseBelgium Andreas Vezaly. Ngowe-1928, iSoviet ugqirha Sokolov iseti ukuchonga zikuyo phakathi kwabantu. Ukususela ngoko, abaphandi inikezelwe iintlobo ezininzi aplasia (agenesis), nganye eneyazo umfanekiso yayo zekliniki kunye nentekelelo.

iintlobo agenesis

Kukho ukuhlelwa eziliqela zesi sifo. The main ukwahlula esi sifo kwinani imizimba.

1. Ekunene kabini agenesis kwezintso (ikhowudi ICD-10 - Q60.0). Olu hlobo esi sifo kakhulu ngokuqhelekileyo sifo e kwabasetyhini. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwasekuzalweni ekunene kidney izisulu ezilula. Oku ibekwe ngezantsi ekhohlo kwaye igqalwa ngaphantsi mobile. Kwiimeko ezininzi, yonke imisebenzi kuthatha uhamba organ, kwaye umntu abanazo loo nto.
2. Ekhohlo-Amasa kidney agenesis. Olu hlobo sifo enqabileyo uthwala kunzima ngokwaneleyo. Ilungelo kidney yi ukusebenza ngaphantsi. Akuyi malilungiselelwe umsebenzi zembuyekezo.

Kufuneka kwakhona cinga agenesis mazwe. Kuba le ezininzi esi sifo sizibonakalisa kukungabikho zombini imizimba ezimbini. Phantsi abantwana bakhe kunqabile asinde. Emva ozalayo kwangoko kufuneka Ukufakelwa. Yintoni na mazwe ikhowudi agenesis sezintso? ICD 10 ibandakanya ngezifo phantsi ikhowudi Q60.1.

iifom aplasia

Le anomaly sezintso kuphela elinye macala. Le nkqubo yezifo Inokuinikezwa kuphela ngasekhohlo okanye ekunene umzimba icala. Ngaloo kidney inyama ezinezikhondo ngokuqhelekileyo emelwe uhlobo oludala, kodwa ngaphandle isinqe, imibhobho kunye glomeruli.

Ezibangela sigulo

Akukho kwimvumelwano malunga ezibangela agenesis sezintso xa kuzalwa ayikho. Oogqirha baye bavakalisa izimvo ezahlukeneyo. Abanye bona i ezimbi unxibelelwano yofuzo. Abanye ukuphika le nyaniso.

ukufunda ixesha elide kwesi sifo, kwaye izifundo intlaninge kuvunyelwa ukuba ukuchonga eziliqela, ubukho leyo eyandisa amathuba ukwenzeka kwayo. Aplasia okanye foetal kidney agenesis kunokwenzeka kwezi meko zilandelayo:

1. lotywala Chronic, ukusetyenziswa kotywala ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
2. Isifo seswekile komama elizayo.
3. A / izifo ezosulelayo kwithuba leenyanga ezintathu yokuqala viral.
4. Ukusetyenziswa kwamalweyile ngendlela iziyobisi umfazi ngaphezu 9 iinyanga.

Izintso baqala ukwenza kwi Umbungu ukusuka kwiveki 5 ubomi bakhe esibelekweni. Le nkqubo iyaqhubeka kulo lonke lokukhulelwa. Noko ke, kuyingozi kakhulu le-1 kunye trimesters 2nd. Ngelo xesha, ukuba nokwenzeka nesifo, ngokuxhomekeka nemiphumela yeemeko ezingentle, zako phezulu.

Umfanekiso clinical jikelele

Aplasia okanye agenesis le kidney inokuba ixesha elide kakhulu abonisa ngokwayo. Abanye oomama ngexesha lokukhulelwa musa ukuya kwi-US, kwaye emva kokuvela komntwana kuye kungasiwaso cazululo. Ngenxa yoko, aba bantu nokuba uyazi iingxaki zempilo ezikhoyo. Yena ufunda uphethwe krakra kule minyaka. Njengomgaqo, ngethuba leemviwo ngemihla esikolweni okanye emsebenzini. Kulo mzekelo, ephile kidney kuthatha phezu ukuya kwi 75% ye imisebenzi ufakele okanye ezisebenza kakubi omzimba. Ngoko ke, umntu kungavakali waziva.

Ngamanye amaxesha anomaly sezintso uqala ukubonisa umntwana ngemihla yokuqala yobomi. Phakathi iimpawu eziphambili koogqirha pathology yodwa:

• iziphene ezininzi zobuso (sivakale sidumbile, impumlo ebanzi kwaye iflethi);
• inani elikhulu imibimbi emzimbeni;
• zingqonge isisu;
• kwisigxina esiphantsi ngeendlebe;
• deformation le nemilenze;
• offset amalungiselelo amalungu athile zangaphakathi.

Xa unesifo agenesis sezintso umntwana, lo izifo zaziye luphuhliso okungaqhelekanga ngamalungu okuzala. Ngokomzekelo, amantombazana lwabonisa isibeleko-ineempondo ezimbini, atresia lobufazi. La makhwenkwe wafumana ukungabikho Vas Umbobho. Kwixesha elizayo, iingxaki ezinjalo kuba nzima namandla okanye ukungachumi.

iindlela isifo

Omdala ubeke uxilongo "sezintso agenesis" ukukhubazeka. Noko ke, kufuneka uqale iwise uviwo ebanzi. Ngexesha lentlanganiso ugqirha uqokelela imbali yezonyango yesigulane, wafundela ukuthambekela layo. kusenokufuneka iindlela ezongezelelweyo uphando ukuqinisekisa uxilongo lokuqala:

• US.
• Urography ne-arhente umahluko;
• angiography sezintso;
• CT.

Ukuze ubone ukungabikho okanye kidney foetal hypoplasia kunokwenzeka ultrasound. Kakade isifundo lomkhusane sokuqala, nto leyo yabelwa kwiveki 12-14 th, yingcali nga ukuqinisekisa ngezifo. Emva koko, lo mfazi ngokuyimfuneko labela ukuhlolwa eyongezelelweyo malformations enxulumene.

Imithi

Ifom kuphela sifo, nto leyo eneneni imele ingozi ebomini - yinto agenesis sezintso abambiseneyo. Kaninzi iziqhamo nale unesifo kufa ngxi esizalweni okanye ekuzalweni. Kwakhona, amathuba ukufa ngemihla embalwa yokuqala yobomi kakhulu phezulu ngenxa ukusilela kwezintso.

Ngokusebenzisa uphuhliso amayeza osana namhlanje ithuba ukugcina umntwana ngale ngezifo. Ukuze benze oku, kwiiyure zokuqala emva kokuzalwa utyando ukuze lokususa amalungu, uze wenze ihaemodialysis rhoqo. Le ndlela zokunyanga esi sifo wokwenene kwaye isetyenziswa practice kumaziko zonyango enkulu. Noko ke, kuqala kufuneka kuququzelelwa sifo ngok mahluko kunye bucala ezinye malformations kwinkqubo womchamo.

agenesis unilateral sezintso unalo abane kakuhle. Ukuba isigulana ukuba sifo nzima ziimpawu mnandi, kwanele ukuba ihlolwe lonyaka kunye uthabathe iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuthatha unonophelo yabantu abanempilo sezintso. iingcebiso ebanzi kufuneka anike ugqirha okunyangayo. Njengomgaqo, ziquka ukuthotyelwa ukutya ngaphandle kokutya etsolo kunye ezinetyuwa, ukuyeka imikhwa emibi.

Aplasia hayi ngokukodwa ngayo. Noko ke, akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle iingcebiso azizithintelo ukomeleza amajoni omzimba. Kufuneka ukutya okulungileyo, siphephe izifo ezosulelayo kunye wentsholongwane egazini. Kukwacetyiswa kwakhona ukuba phezulu umthambo kakhulu.

Xa inkqubo kakhulu zophendlo lwezifo angafuna dialysis okanye i yotyando nofakelo lwamalungu omzimba. Kuzo zonke ezinye iimeko, unyango kufuneka ngabanye ezingqanyaniswe yohlobo yokugula kunye umfanekiso clinical jikelele.

iindlela zokunqanda

iikhowudi Aplasia kunye agenesis kwezintso e-ICD-10 ezahlukeneyo. Noko ke, zombini ezi zifo kubangela inkxalabo phakathi abazoba abazali. Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuthintela ukuba yenzeke?

Ukuba bucala yofuzo kwizigulo, amanyathelo othintelo ilula ngokwaneleyo. Nokuba sele kukwinqanam locwangciso, umama okhulelweyo kufuneka iqale iliso impilo yazo (ukutya okulungileyo, ukuyeka imikhuba emibi, ukuzibandakanya kwimidlalo kunokwenzeka). ngcebiso kufuneka ilandelwe emva kokuba usana ukukhulelwa ngempumelelo.

Ukuba awukwazi ukuphepha uphuhliso ngezifo, kuyimfuneko ukuba athathe amanyathelo emzimbeni wayo. Xa kukho amabini agenesis macala foetal zophuhliso ukulibaziseka, oligohydramnios. Kwimeko efumanise mgceni phambi kweeveki 22 sokukhulelwa kuyacetyiswa uphelele ngezizathu zonyango. Xa wala umfazi kuye, wasebenzisa amaqhinga elondoloza yokubelekisa. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ukungabikho unilateral kidney inokuba ubomi ngokupheleleyo. Kufuneka manqaphanqapha bangenele othintelo lokukhangela-ups kunye neemviwo.