Art. 195 Code of Criminal Procedure: "Inkqubo yokuqeshwa kokuvavanywa kwetyala"

Forensics linokukwenziwa yaye wayesenza bobabini phambi kokuqaliswa ityala, kwaye ke ixesha ngaphambi kophando. Kulo mzekelo, isigqibo senziwa ubuso procedural, kubhaliwe kwathiwa kweli nqaku. 195 Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo. Noko ke, xa kusenziwa, ubuchule kwaye atyunjwa ngemibuzo. Ngelo xesha ngesigqibo buqhubele umphandi ulungisa isisombululo. Emva koko, eli xwebhu lwazisa inkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho. Kwangaxeshanye, imithetho kunye yengxelo efanelekileyo, njengokuba ufunda Inqaku. 195 Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo.

Iimbalasane

Ukuqeshwa kunye nokuziphatha yoviwo lonyango lwasenkundleni kuyimfuneko ukuze aqonde ngakumbi ngokucokisekileyo iinkcukacha cala. Kungenxa yoko le nto ukuphunyezwa koviwo iphendula umphandi, ngokutsho Art. 195 Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo. Ngapha koko, nguye, njengeshishini yenkqubo wonyula ukuphunyezwa kwayo kwaye wenze isigqibo esifanelekileyo kule meko. Olu xwebhu luthi thaca:

• isisekelo uphando (umz, efumanise ibhetri okanye omnye umonzakalo ixhoba), nto leyo yenziweyo, njengoko umgaqo, phambi kokuqaliswa ityala;
• zonke iinkcukacha kunye negama arhente lweengcali;
• imiba ekufuneka zisonjululwe (umz, indlela olimele);
• Zonke izinto esiza ezandleni ingcali karhulumente.

Kunye kwisigqibo ngokumalunga lamalungiselelo SME kumhloli njengoko igosa kufuneka azise inkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho kwaye uchazele kubo amalungelo kunye nemisebenzi yazo. Le entry senziwe kwingxelo phantsi Art. 195 Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo. Ziziphi ixesha elithile ukususela kumhla sokugweba umphandi kufuneka baziqhelanise kuye isandla, iKhowudi ayitsho.

kubalulekile

Kwiimeko xa ufuna ukuqonda unobangela wokufa ngummi okanye ubungakanani umonakalo, uviwo kubonwa kuyimfuneko. Ukongeza, ukwenza ngaphandle, yaye xa arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho bunifikele kanti zokuphila lomntu owaphule ulwaphulo-mthetho. Ngakumbi xa izinto kufuneka ukumisela ubudala wamdlwengula, kodwa ngenxa yokunqongophala amaxwebhu ukwenza oku akwenzeki. Iimpawu kunye nenjongo yoviwo kwiimeko ezinjalo ichazwe ngokucacileyo Art. 195, 196 Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo.

Noko ke, uphando lwasenkundleni usoloko wenziwe kuphela ngokokubona umphandi. Ngokuphathelele olu viwo zomsebenzi awuphathisiweyo iqela kwezinye iimeko apho kufuneka emthethweni.

izimvo

Ubungcali kwinkqubo yolwaphulo ebizwa ngokuba umcimbi egwebayo, kweliphi na inqanaba le phando wenziwe. Kuyinto isifundo kwezi zinto zokufunda kubonelelwe yi-specialist umphandi. Uviwo liya kuba nelungelo ukuba banyule umphandi, umphandi kunye nenkundla. Isiseko oviwo aya kubakho imfuneko ulwazi olutsha kwimeko, eziyimfuneko ukuze umelo olubanzi yonke umfanekiso woko kwenzeka ulwaphulo-mthetho. Emva kokuqeshwa kwakhe umntu yeenkqubo kufuneka ikhutshwe umthetho. Olu xwebhu luya kubandakanya:

• data Ingcaphephe kunye namaziko;
• ngemiba ebalulekileyo kuphando lolwaphulo-mthetho;
• isiseko isifundo;
• izinto abanezakhono ngobulili.

Emva koko, esi sigqibo kufuneka baziswa inxalenye mzekelo, njengoko kubonisiwe ngobugcisa. 195 Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo. Kuba izimvo, inokongezwa kuyo, siya kwamkela kuphela kwaye ibhiyozele ingongoma ebalulekileyo yokuba uviwo inelungelo lokutyumba kuphela umphandi kwaye inkundla kunye umphandi. Kwezinye iimeko, zoviwo amaxhoba nako kwenziwa kuphela ngemvume kubameli bazo. Umzekelo, xa umntu engekho elinesibhozo. Noko ke, abazali abaninzi amgxeka kakhulu yembambano kwaye andifuni emphakathini, yaye ngenxa yesi sizathu inkunkuma zoviwo.

oda

Ukuze enze zoviwo umphandi ithumela zonke izinto kunye nesigqibo yenkokheli kwiziko lonyango ezizodwa. Ngaphezu koko, eli xwebhu kufuneka ibuyiselwe umva kwabasemagunyeni zokunyanzelisa umthetho. Kodwa kuphela xa eli ziko akukho ingcali wayeza kukwazi sezingeni ukwenza olu viwo. Njengomgaqo, kuliwa kuphela kumaziko karhulumente, i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa Interior abasebenzi. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezizodwa, uviwo nga siphathiswe ukuya kwinqanaba ezahlukeneyo specialist, echaza wakhe amalungelo noxanduva bakhe banikwa izinto eziyimfuneko kunye namaxwebhu. Art. 195, 196 no-199 Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo inika inkqubo injongo yaso, ulwalathiso kunye nokuzinikela amaxwebhu kwiziko.

familiarization

Phambi uviwo umphandi kufuneka enze izenzo ezininzi. Njengokuba kuchazwe h. 3 tbsp. 195 Code of Criminal Procedure, umntu wazisa kwicala yenkqubo kunye sigqibo, nto leyo ithi ngubani yaye oko kuya kubonelelwa ukwenza izinto zokufunda. Kulo mzekelo, abemi kufanele ukucaciswa amalungelo abo phantsi kwe Khowudi. Inkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho bafanele ukuba sele beyiqhelile le uxwebhu ezibekelwe ukubhala iimviwo. Ukongeza, banalo ilungelo lokucela umhloli ukuba izilungiso amagatya imiba ezongezelelweyo wakupha kokugqitywa ingcali. Kwakhona, umtyholwa kunye necebo lakhe, ixhoba kunye nengqina unokwenza ingcali ukususwa kwaye ucele uphando kwindawo ethile yononophelo lwempilo. Emva koko kwicala inkqubo kufuneka bazazi noluvo ingcali.

Nesivumelwano okanye

Uviwo kwiimeko echazwe iiyure. 4 tbsp. 195 Code of Criminal Procedure, ikhutshwa phandle kuphela xa le mbono ezintle amangqina kunye namaxhoba. Ukuba abantwana, isigqibo senziwa kubo abameli esemthethweni. Ngaphezu koko, xa kusenziwa rhoqo kuthatha kwimeko enjalo, xa abazali bengavumi ukuba umntwana wabo bathatha inxaxheba kwiimviwo. Oku kungenxa yokuba abantu nje awufuni ngesiganeko amashwa entsatsheni wayesazi kwamaqela lesithathu (umzekelo, xa intombi udlwenguliwe). Kuba ngenxa yezizathu ezifana iimviwo akwenziwanga kwaye isigqibo malunga nokuqaliswa inkqubo okanye ukuziphatha ngakumbi uphando lunqunyanyisiwe okanye uhlala izimele.

bokuqonda

Uhlalutyo esisemthethweni eminye imithetho CPC ngokuphathelele ngokunyula nokuphunyezwa ubuchule, kwakhona kubonisa isibakala sokuba umthetho ngalo umba abangafezekanga kwaye awungqinelani nomGaqo-siseko. Ngokomzekelo, xa kusenziwa, umrhanelwa akakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo amalungelo abo anikwe CCP, uze wenze ingcali nokususwa. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba umphandi kwi ummiselo babe data kuphela amaziko karhulumente, kodwa alikwazi ukugunyazisa igama kunye inishiyali yamagcisa.

Ngaphezu koko, ihlala nobuchwepheshe debatable leengcaphephe bekwi uphando entsimini leenkqubo mthetho. Ngenxa yokuba ingcali into yokungabi nolwazi ethile, abe nako ukunika iimpendulo ezichanekileyo imibuzo ecetywayo kuye. Ngoko ke emngciphekweni kwabantu umntu omsulwa lokungagwetywa ekho i ingcali uluvo engachanekanga.