Yokwenzekayo party Related - yintoni na le nto?

Lo mthetho Russian ubonelela ukuphunyezwa ubudlelane ezikhethekileyo - in ngohlobo transactions ngomdla. Yintoni Okukodwa wabo? Njani umdla iifom esiyintloko esisemthethweni yoshishino Russian - LLC and JSC?

Leyo itransekshini zeqela elinxulumeneyo?

yokwenzekayo party Related - ubudlelwane esemthethweni ebandakanya amaqela malunga imisebenzi enokuthi ibe nomdla ezahlukeneyo kubantu besithathu. Umzekelo, ukuba intengiselwano ababandakanyekayo iqumrhu loshishino, ngoko ochaphazelekayo ngokunxulumene kuye kungaba:

- iinkokheli umbutho;

--zabelo - ingakumbi abo bangabanini-20% of capital sabelana zenkampani nangaphezulu;

- izihlobo abaphathi kunye nabanini yenkampani.

Oku umisela ubunyani umdla wabo. Inokubuyiselwa ezisisigxina mzekelo, ukuba:

- ngabantu abafumana uncedo ngqo;

- ungasebenzisa neziphumo ezenziwa nabanye abaxhamli - amalungelo umphathi okanye shareholder.

Leliphi itransekshini zeqela elinxulumeneyo, siye ezichongiweyo. Ngoku makhe siqwalasele indlela apho idata wenziwe ubudlelwane.

Umyalelo we intengiselwano kunye nenzala

Eyona engundoqo imeko yokuba ibe nokuphumezeka kobudlelwane zomthetho, ekuthethwa, - ukuvunywa iintengiselwano zeqela elinxulumeneyo kwi inxalenye nezakhiwo abanobuchule loshishino zangaphakathi. Umzekelo, ibhodi yabalawuli okanye kwintlanganiso zabelo ' yoluntu kwezoqoqosho. Ngoko njani na ukuvunywa iintengiselwano zeqela elinxulumeneyo, oko kuxhomekeke ikakhulu kwi ubume yenkampani.

Ngoko ke, ukuba inkampani isebenza njengoko AO, ngoko imvume enjalo kunokwenziwa ngomnye iindlela ezintathu ezingundoqo:

- ngevoti yesininzi ezo abalawuli abangekho abanomdla ekwenzeni isivumelwano;

- uninzi zabalawuli abangekho abanomdla kwi deal, kodwa awanalo iwonga abaphathi ezizimeleyo;

- isininzi seevoti zabelo abangekho abanomdla yingisela.

Indlela yokuqala luphawulwa imicimbi ebandakanya amacandelo ezoshishino, noqhuba ukuya zabelo 1,000 ngezahlulo zokuvota, owesibini luvuliwe ukuba inani zabelo likhulu kune 1000. Kuzo zombini ezi meko, le meko kufuneka nihluthe: umxholo intengiselwano - enye okanye ngaphezulu, eziqhagamshelwe kufuneka ibekwe kwipropati, nto leyo eye ixabiso ngaphantsi kwe-2% ye-asethi kwibhalansi ngokungqinelana data kwengxelo.

Indlela yesithathu apho isigqibo ngokuthandwa iintengiselwano zeqela elinxulumeneyo, waqonda:

- ukuba umxholo kwesivumelwano - ipropati ukuba unalo ngeendleko ze-2% yexabiso incwadi asethi lweshishini nangaphezulu;

- kwimeko apho ibhodi yabalawuli wasilela ukuthatha isigqibo ngaphakathi kwindlela eqhelekileyo ukuba imvume wo yingisela.

Kwimeko ukuba budlelwane nghena Ltd., isigqibo lokuvuma intengiselwano ekuthi ngokumalunga nayo abe nomdla kulo okanye loo mntu kuthathwe isigqibo apha kwiSebe sikhokelo intlanganiso jikelele wabaseki isininzi seevoti malungu awunamdla kokugqitywa sivumelwano.

Ukongeza, ukuba iziko loshishino kuyilwa yiBhodi yabaLawuli, isigqibo malunga kwemvume ulwalamano ngokusemthethweni, nto leyo itransekshini zeqela elinxulumeneyo kunokuba kunxulumene kwisakhono amaxwebhu abakhoyo webhunga lolawulo Collegiate. Le ndlela, Noko ke, alukhange luqokeleleke ndaweninye, ukuba imali lwesivumelwano ixabisa okanye ixabiso kwipropati leyo kwisifundo kwesivumelwano, zingaphezu 2% yexabiso impahla yenkampani - sisiseko kolwazi ukuba kubhalwe kwiingxelo zemali.

Ngoko safunda indlela apho zomthetho nezobudlelwane ziqhutywa kunye inxaxheba iinkampani, nto leyo enokuchaphazela abantu onomdla yingisela. Iza kuba luncedo ukuqwalasela ukuba ezinye iimvumelwano ngeke eyabelwe uhlobo olufanelekileyo.

Kwezinye iimeko, intengiselwano akufunekanga zibe nomdla?

Ngenxa yezi ntengiselwano, ngokubanzi, ezisemthethweni, ukuba:

- ukusebenza iqumrhu loshishino eyakhiwa owasungula mnye, naye lisebenza njengentloko;

- lubonisa umdla wabo bonke abanini-zabelo wenkampani, benza isivumelwano;

- ke iintengiselwano ezenziwa phantsi pre-kwinjongp ilungelo nithenge izabelo ezikhutshwe yinkampani;

- ezisemthethweni, kwenziwa ukuthengwa kunye nentlawulelo lezabelo ekhutshwe liqumrhu loshishino;

- kwenziwa ngethuba lokuqhubeka lenguqulelo - ngokohlobo kuza naziphi kunye nenkampani ezinkulu ogama charter ingaphezulu kwe-iikota ezintathu aphantsi amashishini ngokutsha;

- ziyimfuneko ngokwemiqathango zokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa lenkampani kunye neemfuno zomthetho;

- yenziwa phezu ngokwemigaqo leyo ayahlukanga kakhulu kuleyo ezenzeka imicimbi efanayo inxaxheba yoluntu kunye nabachaphazelekayo ngendlela eqhelekileyo nemibutho yoshishino zizibophelele umzuzu xa kuzinza ukuba umdla komntu kwisivumelwano.

Related transaction party - ulwalamano ngokusemthethweni, nto leyo edla inxaxheba kumaqumrhu ishishini ubume lweNkampani okanye LLC. iinkampani isivumelwano sokuqala kunye nohlobo yesibini iphawulwa linani lweempawu. Iza kuba luncedo ukufunda kwabo.

iintengiselwano zeqela elinxulumeneyo ne-LLC: bokuqonda

Ngoko ke, uhlobo yokuqala amashishini ukuba Unokucela ukuba nolwalamano osemthethweni, njengokuba intengiselwano ezinxulumene-party - yinkampani enomda kubutyala. Izivumelwano, icala apho iNkampani kufuneka zihambelane neemfuno umthetho olawula imisebenzi zezi nkampani - xa kunokwenzeka ukuba izivumelwano ezifanelekileyo luphawulwa umdla.

Ngokukodwa, iimfuno njengoko esekwe ngomthetho iNkampani kufuneka athobele imicimbi apho kuchazwa i interest:

- umntu kwiBhodi yabaLawuli, kukho ubudlelwane ipati;

- uMlawuli Jikelele;

- umzimba lonxibelelwano yesigqeba umbutho, ilungu eluntwini, elingumnini-20% ye-abanini iivoti okanye ngaphezulu kule nkampani;

- umntu igunya lokukhupha imiyalelo malunga kuluntu kwezoqoqosho, abophe.

Umdla kwi intengiselwano abantu bathi imiswe ngokungqinelana ne imiqathango echazwe kuMthetho LLC. Ingakumbi, le nto uzimisele ukuba abemi zikhankanywe kunye nezalamane zabo, ngokunjalo nabantu amanyeneyo nabo:

- isenzo somthetho okanye iqela emela iimfuno zamaqela yesithathu kwisakhelo zentsebenziswano namaqumrhu kwezoqoqosho;

- ubambe-20% okanye ngaphezulu izibambiso okanye ikomkhulu ogunyazisiweyo iqumrhu elisemthethweni ukuba weqela ubudlelwane esemthethweni imele iimfuno zamaqela yesithathu intsebenziswano yabo kunye nenkampani;

- izikhundla angabambeki kwinkqubo yolawulo yenkampani, apho iqela ku yingisela okanye imele iimfuno zamaqela yesithathu kwisakhelo ubudlelwane kunye iqumrhu loshishino, okanye abaphathi ephezulu Management Company yequmrhu zasemthethweni ezifanelekileyo kunokudenda.

Ngaphandle kucacisiwe ngumthetho ngezizathu inkampani, isibakala le nomdla kubantu abathile kwi nokuphethwa sibophelelo kumiselwa naziphi ezinye izizathu. Nangakumbi, imigaqo kuba apho kumiselwa ngamaqela abanomdla intengiselwano ukuze kumiselwe namanqaku onxulumano kwinkampani enomda kubutyala.

Abo ngabemi zibonakaliswa inxaxheba intengiselwano ngezizathu awaqhubana ngayo, nako ukuthwala inani yezibophelelo ochazwa ngumthetho. Makhe sihlole kubo.

nezibopho amaqela anomdla phantsi komthetho we-LLC

Imbopheleleko iphambili amaqela anomdla, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMthetho kwi Limited yeTyala weeNkampani, ilele yokuba ezi abemi banyanzelekile ukuba kukhawuleza sazise intlanganiso jikelele yoosozabelo:

- iqumrhu elisemthethweni apho aba bantu kunye nezalamane zabo-20% okanye ngaphezulu ikomkhulu eligunyazisiweyo;

- malunga amashishini apho ezi abemi kunye nezalamane zabo abasezikhundleni kwinkqubo yolawulo;

- data abantu ubudlelwane zomthetho apho zibe nokwaziwa njengabanomdla.

bokuqonda Ezinye luphawulwa inkqubo wokuvunywa intengiselwano ngokungqinelana noMthetho kwi Limited yeTyala Companies. Ngaphezu sakukhangelayo kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo le nkqubo. Siza kufunda oko ngakumbi ngokubhekiselele kumagatya alawulayo mthetho.

Ukwamkelwa imicimbi phantsi komthetho yeNkampani: i bokuqonda

Ngokuhambelana kunye iqhekeza ephambili umthetho olawula imisebenzi LLC, itransekshini zeqela elinxulumeneyo - ulwalamano ngokusemthethweni, nto leyo asetyenziswe kuxhomekeke kwisigqibo imvume kweentlanganiso abanini yenkampani. Sele iyinto eyaziwayo yivoti yesininzi abanini abo awunamdla kwisivumelwano. Isisombululo ehambelana (party intengiselwano nga kusengaphambili imfuneko ekucwangciseni amaxwebhu ezahlukeneyo ukongeza contract) kufuneka zenziwe njengomthombo eyahlukileyo, apho:

- ukubonakalisa abo bantu abenza njengamaqela okanye abaxhamli wobudlelwane zomthetho;

- ibonakalisa umbandela intengiselwano kunye nemigomo kubalulekile.

i LLC Act ivumela abasemagunyeni olawulo ombutho enze isigqibo kumbuzo, phantsi intengiselwano ekunokugqitywa kwixesha elizayo njengenxenye yemisebenzi yezoqoqosho ephambili yenkampani. Kulo mzekelo isigqibo ukuvunywa iintengiselwano zeqela elinxulumeneyo fixed inani lemali ingalungiswa kwisivumelwano efanelekileyo. Host ummiselo ulawulo inkampani isebenza kude kube mzuzu xa umkhosi intlanganiso elandelayo yoosozabelo - ngaphandle kokuba eminye imimiselo akuthethi ukunika abaphathi isisombululo lokuvuma ikhontrakthi.

uMthetho LLC: apho iimeko imvume imicimbi echaphazelekayo akufuneki?

Kusenokubakho iimeko apho umthetho iintengiselwano zeqela elinxulumeneyo kuvumela inkampani ulawulo akumenzi izigqibo ukuvunywa ulwalamano efanelekileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, kunokwenzeka xa kuthe nemiqathango yesivumelwano ayahluki kuyaphi ukususela kuMmandla transactions efanayo eyenzeka phakathi koluntu kwezoqoqosho, kunye nendlela enye okanye omnye umntu onomdla ekuhambeni imisebenzi eziqhelekileyo yenkampani. Kodwa ke kufuneka lwenzeke phambi kokuba iqumrhu elinomdla ziya kufumana imo efanelekileyo. Noko ke, le ukhululo ulinganiselwe. Kunokuba isicelo kuphela transactions ezenziwe kunye mzuzu xa sifundo ngomdla, uye wafumana iwonga umntu ochaphazelekayo, kwaye de kwintlanganiso zabelo elandelayo '.

Kwezinye iimeko, iintengiselwano ezinkulu kunye nemicimbi enxulumene beqela uhlobo olufanelekileyo ngokomthetho i-LLC ukuze imbala. ngoko Qwalasela, izizathu zokuba kutheni oku kunokwenzeka.

umthetho LLC: ulwamkelo ehlobene iintengiselwano zeqela oswele

Kule meko sithetha malunga ukuqondwa kwe-null intengiselwano kunye void ziinkundla. Izizathu zentendelezo isigqibo ezichaphazelekayo zezi:

- inkampani party ivoti Enyanisweni sokukhokhela akanandaba, apho ilizwi lakhe kube nafuthe kwisiphumo intlanganiso;

- ukungabikho bubungqina obubonakalisa ukuba Intengiselwano ezingahambi infliction ilahleko ukuya yentsebenziswano okanye ukuzilungisa ukuze iqela enkundleni, okanye ithuba kukuvela neziphumo ezibi kwezi zifundo;

- ukufumaneka ngexesha ezindlebeni ubungqina isigqibo elandelayo ngokuthandwa thenda, ngenxa yemigaqo kumthetho inkampani kufuneka nilenze;

- bubungqina obubonakalisa ukuba omnye ubudlelwane iqela khange kwaziswa malunga intengiselwano, ekwagqitywa ngayo ngo waphula umthetho nemimiselo ezibekwe uMthetho LLC.

Ngoko safunda indlela apho i sigqibo kwenziwa kwaye iintengiselwano umngeni kunye umdla iinkampani enomda kubutyala. Ngoku makhe siqwalasele iimpawu eziphambili kwezi ubudlelwane kwamanye amaziko ezinkulu kwezoqoqosho - iinkampani joint-stock. Elihambisana uhlobo intengiselwano ngokuxhomekeke kwizibonelelo umthetho eyahlukileyo kwiinkampani ngokudibeneyo stock. Kuya kuba kakhulu umdla ukufunda into yintoni na imimiselo yoMthetho esemthethweni ngokwemigaqo kwinkcazelo umdla.

I-Company Law: inkcazo umdla

Kujongwa kwikota uMthetho JSC ubonakaliswa malunga ziyafana kwisenzo olumisiweyo elawula imisebenzi iinkampani enomda kubutyala. Inzala kule kunokwenzeka:

- Manager, eyinxalenye ibhodi yenkampani yabalawuli;

- CEO;

- manager, ekuqhubeni imisebenzi ngaphakathi sikhokelo umzimba lonxibelelwano esilawulayo, ongumnini-20% okanye izabelo ngaphezulu inkampani;

- umntu unelungelo ukunika abasebenzi lwemiyalelo JSC ziyabophelela.

Kulo mzekelo, isibakala le nomdla aba bantu ibonakaliswa xa kunokwenzeka ukuba, izalamane okanye abantu zabo angenanto nabo:

- elibandakanyekayo ku yingisela;

- ke umntana, umlamleli okanye ummeli kwi sikhokelo ubudlelwane zomthetho;

- 20% okanye ekhulwini ngaphezulu yabarhwebi eyinkunzi ogunyazisiweyo ukhonza iqela intengiselwano;

- ube indawo kulawulo nkampani, yona isihloko zomthetho nezobudlelwane, umxhamli, umlamleli okanye ummeli.

I-Company Law: inkcazelo ukungabi namdla

Ngenxa yoko, ukungabikho umdla intengiselwano kokungagqibekanga kuchazwa nguMthetho Company:

- ngokubhekiselele kwinkampani joint-stock, nto leyo iya kuba zabelo nye, ngubani na ngexesha elinye kumlawuli jikelele;

- ubudlelwane zomthetho, apho kwenziwa iminqweno yabo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kule nkampani stock joint;

- Xa ubeka izibambiso inkampani ngokusebenzisa umnikelo wonke, ngokunjalo ekunene pre-kwinjongp yokuthenga izabelo ekhutshwe;

- ukuthengwa okanye inkululeko inkampani imfuyo joint ezikhutshiweyo izibambiso;

- kule ngokuhlanganisa njengequmrhu kwezoqoqosho ngokohlobo enjengokudibana okanye ukuhlanganiswa;

- kweentengiselwano ekufuneka zenziwe ngenxa yemithetho Russian - amaxabiso neerhafu ezibekwe ngurhulumente Russian;

- somthetho, lwenziwe ngokungqinelana noMthetho on Umbane;

- ngokumalunga yokwenza iminikelo zabelo bale nkampani impahla yayo.

Yintoni luphawulwa kwenkqubo yokuvunywa phantsi ingqalelo unxulumano zomthetho ngawo? Xa umgaqo, umthetho phezu inkampani joint-stock lilonke ibonisa imigaqo efanayo njengoko ukuvunywa iintengiselwano zeqela elinxulumeneyo oluthe lwaqwalaselwa ngentla apha ekuqaleni kweli nqaku. Iimpawu izigqibo ethile kuxhomekeka kwinani zabelo, kwakunye nexabiso intengiselwano ngokunxulumene neziphumo zovavanyo ngokungqinelana iingxelo-mali le.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba umthetho olawula ulwalamano zomthetho phantsi ingqalelo, apho kuya kubakho utshintsho ezibalulekileyo ngo-2017. iintengiselwano zeqela elinxulumeneyo zixhomekeke ummiselo zomthetho kwinkqubo-sikhokelo yemithetho ukuze zilungiselele kakhulu loo mthetho ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kube ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, imfuneko yokuphucula ulawulo ngolwalamano olufanelekileyo apho izibalo yenziwa ukusetyenziswa iindleko ezinkulu. Enye okanye ezinye imicimbi enxulumene isampuli iqela wabonakalisa ziyakubaluleka kakhulu okanye elingaphantsi phantsi kolawulo, kodwa eziqhelekileyo, kuzo zonke iintlobo nemigangatho zasemthethweni ezifanelekileyo kunokudenda ukuvumela zabo ngempumelelo. Kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, ungenza kusebenze indlela ekhoyo zomthetho ukuze lokulawula kurhwebelwano.