Asbestos: umonakalo kwimpilo yabantu

Ngaphambi kokuba abantu baqaphela ukuba asbestos kuyinto material enobungozi empilweni, lisetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo loqoqosho lwesizwe. Uninzi bonke - ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo ezahlukahlukeneyo nezakhiwo. Kude yoma zenkulungwane lokugqibela, na umbandela ezinezikhondo kakhulu ukwenzela uzinzo kwawo kwancamisa thermal kunye ngxabano imozulu kakhulu. Noko ke, izazinzulu ziye zihlawulwe ingqalelo ezinye iimpawu elibi asbestos. Nobungozi kwimpilo yabantu yale eziphathekayo kunye nempembelelo yayo kwindalo aye into izifundo zesayensi ezininzi.

Iziphumo womsebenzi, oku kongezwa kuluhlu kwezinto ezinobungozi zihlelwa IARC ke, namhlanje ingqalelo enye carcinogens kakhulu yingozi. Kodwa kutheni abantu bacinge malunga neempawu etshabalalisayo le nto? Bangaphi okunene kuzisa iingozi zempilo asbestos? Zama ukuqonda.

Yintoni asbestos?

Asbestos - ngezimbiwa ukubayinxalenye udidi silicates entle-nefayibha. Kwindalo, kukho iseti awo. Xa uhlobo yayo yendalo ke ngezimbiwa ezimbaxa, ukuba isakhiwo komhlaba ngendlela Imisonto bhetyebhetye thinnest. Ngokutsho isakhiwo kukho iindlela ezimbini:

• asbestos amphibole - has isakhiwo ngokohlobo kwimicu yenaliti-ezifana ngqo;
• chrysotile asbestos, okanye asbestos emhlophe - has isakhiwo ngokohlobo yeNyoka, oko kunzima kwimicu egosogoso okanye, ephothiweyo.

Amphibole, ke, yahlulwe nomnye amabini - crocidolite (asbestos blue) kunye amosite (asbestos brown).

yingozi kakhulu ukuba asbestos ntlanzi amphibole; ngokuba ukonakala zempilo amasuntswana amancinci ahlabayo arhogelwe umntu ekutshatyalalisweni ifayibha. Kanye emzimbeni, uthuli eyingozi akumele kubenze kwaye singesuki emiphungeni - apho sele kukho ebomini, ngokuthe ngcembe bekhula nyama kwaye ukonakalisa host.

Serpentines babe isakhiwo lithambile, ngako oko akanangozi. Bona, ngokungafaniyo amphibole, ngokukhawuleza lichithakale kwaye lisuswe umzimba ngaphandle ebangela okubi.

Apho kuye kusetyenziswa asbestos?

Ngexesha layo yi ngezimbiwa esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemveliso kwi Automotive kwicandelo, imikhumbi, eyama, kwaye izifundo zokwakha. Unanamhla oku hi nga langutana le nto kwizakhiwo ezindala zokuhlala, apho asetyenziswe ekwakheni izinto umbhobho yokwambathisa, isilingi nemàbhula umgangatho, iipeyinti kunye nezinto ophela, njengokuba additive isamente kunye nokuveliswa yophahla isileyiti. Le zinto ngenkuthalo ukuze asetyenziswe ekwakheni ehomereni emiyezweni ekhaya. Cottagers wayengazi ukuba xa umonakalo impilo asbestos eshushu linyuke izihlandlo eziliqela.

Kuye ezisetyenziswa kwimveliso yeempahla yabathengi - izifudumezi, impahla yendlu, zokuthambisa, kwaye nkqu ekwenziweni leekhrayoni zabantwana. Ngelo xesha akukho mntu khona, kangangoko kunokuba amasuntswana yingozi ezincinane ye-asbestos.

umonakalo zempilo evela sesichengeni eli ezimbiwa, waziva yokuqala bonke abo bantu abathatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yemveliso.

Ulwazi lokuqala malunga neengozi wokumbiwa

Ulwazi lokuqala malunga iingozi zempilo asbestos Yaqala ukufika emva kokuba uphando labasebenzi emigodini zemigodi, ekwasetyenziselwa kumsebenzi wabo mbandela. abasebenzi abaninzi baye ichongiwe ezimbi ezahlukahlukeneyo, iimpawu umhlaza kunye izitenxo ngokufuthi wabonakalaliswa isixokelelwano sokuphefumla.

Emva izifundo ezininzi, i-Arhente International Lophando Umhlaza ngo-1987, wabhengeza isiphumo: kuyingozi asbestos empilweni. Lung umhlaza, mesothelioma, abanesigulo ezininzi, asbestosis ezahlukeneyo ubukhali kunye nezinye iintlobo yamathumba somhlaza emzimbeni womntu kuvela ngenxa yempembelelo amphibole.

I-Community European woma kunye iziphumo, ngoko namhlanje ukusetyenziswa kwale zokufunda imveliso okanye ukwakhiwa akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo kumazwe amaninzi. Ngoko nangoko emva kokuba ingcaciso kuyingozi ukuba sesichengeni yabantu amphibole waba ifumaneke kuluntu kwamanye amazwe baqala amaphulo ezahlukeneyo nokutshintshwa kweekhomponenti asbestos aqulethe kuyilo izinto ezizezinye.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba siphephe imiphumo eyingozi?

Ngelishwa, ecaleni ngokupheleleyo asbestos-equlethe izinto ebomini bethu akunakwenzeka. Le izimbiwa kunyuswa kancinci emhlabeni, umoya namanzi. Namhlanje, ngokutsho ezinye iingqikelelo abasebenzi ngaphezu kwesigidi kumashishini ezahlukeneyo kusekho wadibana izinto ezinobungozi ngenxa ekungakwazini ngaphandle bakhe wolawulo nkqubo.

Apho asbestos ke isekhona

Le ezimbiwa isekhona xa imifuziselo ezindala iimoto, ezinye izakhiwo zokuhlala izakhiwo ezindala ipoma. Kuba umthombo cottagers ezininzi umonakalo kakhulu impilo - asbestos sokuhlambela. Ngapha koko, ekucuthekeni ke kwamaxesha Soviet, kuba yasetyenziswa njengomlilo-enganyangekiyo izinto kwiintlobo ngeentlobo Coatings.

Asbestos akabi, kodwa ekucaca ukuba amaqondo obushushu aphezulu iqalisa ukuba ndiludilize, ngoxa ngokugxininisa amphibole yingozi. Asingabo bonke abanini nemiqolomba lizwe bayazi ukuba ukufa ubuso bona nezindlu zabo.

scope namhlanje

ERashiya, nangona ngomonakalo ukuqina kwimpilo asbestos equlethwe nokwakhiwa iimveliso ezahlukeneyo ngaphezu kwama 3,000: isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa lwamacebo okucoca iiseyile, iphepha nekhadibhodi, iimpahla zokuzikhusela zabasebenzi abagcina mlilo kunye nezinye izinto zokwakha asbestos. Kwilizwe lethu uvumelekile ukuba kusetyenziswa iteknoloji ezininzi mveliso, kodwa kufanele kulawulwe kakuhle.

Hi ndlela leyi, nantsi kuyimfuneko ukwenza ubhukisho. Iyingozi le umzimba womntu na imveliso asbestos, kunye amasuntswana omhle kule izimbiwa emoyeni ngokohlobo a oluludaka. Ngokuqhelekileyo wamiswa kuphela kuphuhliso intsimi kunokubonwa uthuli entle asbestos kwezinye iinkqubo zobugcisa lwamashishini ezahlukeneyo, okanye ekutshatyalalisweni kwezakhiwo ubudala. Kufuneka Ekutyunyuzweni ngabom imveliso asbestos-equlathe (isileyiti efanayo) ukufumana amasuntswana eyingozi kokusingqongileyo lwasekhaya.

Kodwa, naliphi na imveliso ekuhambeni kwexesha ziqala ukuyeka. Ekugugeni imicu izimbiwa mazahlulwe zibe njengothuli olucolekileyo, yinto kwaye ube allergen emzimbeni womntu. Xa emiphungeni, oko kuhlala kukho ngonaphakade asbestos owileyo. Ukonakala kwimpilo, akhule nyama, lenza kakhulu. Nangona Iimpawu zokuqala ukugula kunokwenzeka kuphela emva kweminyaka emininzi. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba abantu adibana kunye eluthulini, imfundo umhlaza ezahlukeneyo, nge-avareji zaba khona iminyaka 7 kuphela kamva, izigulane ezininzi wathabatha nangaphezulu.

izibalo kusabeka

Ngokutsho manani World Health Organisation (WHO), ukuba asbestos ebangela umhlaza isixokelelwano sokuphefumla-20% yezigulane. Ngoko ke, ukwala ubugcisa asbestos ehlabathini lonke.

Ezibangela isifo

Sekunjalo akukacaci ncam indlela uthuli asbestos ibangela yesifo semiphunga. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukuphuhlisa ezingaqhelekanga zenzeka ngenxa yokwenzakala ku inwebu yangaphakathi, ibangela hyperplasia, metaplasia, nonyebeleziso epithelial. Obubonakala metaplasia ezinxulumene umchiza nokwakhiwa kweentlobo ezithile bezimbiwa equlethe kieselguhr. Kukho izimvo ukuba ukuvela izifo oncological inkqubo bronchopulmonary hayi negalelo iimpawu eekhemikhali asbestos kunye notshintsho bronchiectasis kakhulu ezenzeka ngenxa ye inhalation rhoqo uthuli.

Noko ke, kuyo nayiphi na imeko, isiseko zesifo nokuphefumla iphecana iinkqubo ukudumba njengoko rhinopharyngitis ezingapheliyo kunye bronchiolitis okubangelwa kukungakhuseleki ngoomatshini kunye imichiza ukuya asbestos eluthulini.

Thatha nokuzikhathalela wena kunye nabo ubathandayo! Musa ubunzima kwimiphumo eyingozi uthuli eyingozi!