Biography Saltykov-Shchedrin: Life Nomsebenzi

January 15, 1826 kwilali encinane kwiphondo yaseTver wazalwa uMikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin. Ngobomi yalo mntu kwakugcwele ngokucokisekileyo sisigculelo uluntu kunye abasabela izixhobo karhulumente ixesha layo. Noko ke, izinto eziza kuqala.

Saltykov-Shchedrin uMikhail Evgrafovich: Biography kwiminyaka yokuqala

Umbhali odumileyo elizayo wazalwa usapho ecebe yenkosi. Hi ndlela leyi, Saltykov - igama lakhe lokwenyani. Shchedrin - isiteketiso yoyilo. Iminyaka yokuqala yobomi bakhe inkwenkwe eyayibanjelwe kwilifa nomzi kayise. Ngeli xesha kwenzeka kule minyaka zinzima serfdom. Xa kumazwe amaninzi of Western Europe sele luye lwaqhutywa okanye wathabatha indawo ye revolution yenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe, kwakunye ubudlelwane kuphuhliswa nkulu, uBukhosi Russian ngakumbi nangakumbi emibonweni ilungiswe kubume yakhe ephakathi. Kwaye ukuba ngandlel 'ukugcina up kunye nophuhliso amagunya esikhulu ngakumbi kwaye isebenza umatshini karhulumente, indlela omkhulu yalugudla zonke isiselo eklasini umlimi. Eneneni, ubomi yonke elizayo Saltykov-Shchedrin iye yabubungqina yokuba waba nethuba elaneleyo ukuba bagcine imeko yamafama kule minyaka yokuqala. Oku kwamchukumisa kakhulu lo mfana waza washiya istampu kwi wonke umsebenzi wakhe elizayo. imfundo Primary uMikayeli uvunayo ekhaya, kwakunye neminyaka elishumi ubudala, wangena Moscow Institute of yezikhulu. Apho wafunda iminyaka emibini kuphela, ebonisa ubuchule ebalaseleyo. Kwaye kakade ngo-1838 kudluliselwa Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, wafumana imali karhulumente. Kwiminyaka emithandathu kamva, waphumelela kwesi sikolo kwaye engena ofisi solungiselelo emkhosini.

Biography Saltykov-Shchedrin: ekuqaleni umsebenzi wokudala

Apha lo mntu uselula unomdla kakhulu kuncwadi indleko yexesha lakhe, abaleqa ifundeka Zhorzh Sand, i-French yiEnlightenment kunye Socialist. Ngeli xesha wabhala ibali lakhe lokuqala yena: "ukuphikisana" "Affair enzima," "Amanqaku iLizwe loobawo". Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo le misebenzi, ivelise free-iingcinga kunye uvuthondaba kwi lobuzwilakhe tsarist, ukuba sele kumisa amandla karhulumente nxamnye igosa abaselula.

Biography Saltykov-Shchedrin: ingqalelo ubugcisa kunye nokwamkelwa kwamandla karhulumente

Ngowe-1848, uMikhail Evgrafovich wathumela ekuthinjweni Vyatka. Apho wangena inkonzo yegosa ingenalo novelwano. Eli xesha laphela ngo-1855, xa umbhali ekugqibeleni wavunyelwa ukuba baphume kuwo umzi. Ababuyileyo ekuthinjweni, wamiselwa ligosa izabelo ezikhethekileyo uMphathiswa State of the Interior. Ngowe-1860 waba usekela-irhuluneli saseTver. Ngelo xesha ke umbhali kwakhona iphinde umsebenzi wakhe. Sele ngo1862 wayishiya ofisi zikarhulumente ligxile uncwadi. Xa wayemenywe Sergey Nekrasov, Saltykov-Shchedrin efika eSt Petersburg kwaye zicwangciswe amagama "Contemporary". Apho, yaye kamva "Amanqaku iLizwe loobawo" iphephancwadi, apho wafakwa phantsi ukusekelwa kwingxingwa efanayo Nekrasov le minyaka evuzayo imisebenzi yakhe yokudala. A lot of amabali, amanqaku satirical kwaye, kakade, iinoveli odumileyo elibi: "The Story of a City", "Namhlanje Idyll" kunye nabanye - zabhalwa ngexesha kwisiqingatha sesibini sika-1860-1870 gg.

Biography Saltykov-Shchedrin: kwiminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe

Kule 1880s, imisebenzi umbhali satirical kaThixo elidume kakhulu phakathi nezazi, kodwa ngaxeshanye ngakumbi nangakumbi tshiswa kwakulawula tsarist. Ngoko ke, yokuvala ulindixesha "Amanqaku iLizwe loobawo", apho yaprintwa, kwanyanzeleka Michael Evgrafovich kufuna abavakalisi amazwe. Le ukuvalwa ushicilelo kweli lizwe lwenkobe ngamandla phantsi impilo yomntu ayisekho mfana. Nokuba zabhalelwa i "Tales 'adumileyo kunye" Poshehonsky endala ", kangangeminyaka eliqela yena abaneminyaka, amandla akhe ngokukhawuleza ngasekhohlo. May 10, 1889, uMikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin wafa. Umbhali, ngokungqinelana nesicelo yayo ukuthanda kwakhe, waza wangcwatywa e St. Petersburg, ecaleni engcwabeni IS Turgenev.