BPD kwiintsana njengokuzalwa - ntoni na?

dysplasia Bronchopulmonary (BPD) kwiintsana ngaphambi kwexesha ekuphuhliseni nxamnye sesichengeni elide kuxinzelelo ioksijini ophezulu idaliwe baphefumla. Ukuze ukuphelisa izifo, umntwana kufuna unyango olukhethekileyo ejoliswe ngokusindisa ubomi bakhe. Makhe siqwalasele ukuba kuyintoni na, oonobangela, iimpawu kunye nonyango iimpawu zophendlo lwezifo ze isenzeko.

BPD kwiintsana njengokuzalwa - ntoni na?

Kids abazalwa ngaphambi kwexesha embalwa, abakhuselekanga zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo ngenxa yokungabikho kophuhliso amalungu zangaphakathi. Phantse wonke umntwana lunomahluko ezinzulu olunjalo isixokelelwano sokuphefumla. Ukuze agcine umgangatho ofunekayo ioksijini usana inxibelelene mpilo. Le izixhobo, elawula ukufuma, ubushushu kunye nokuphuma izinga umxube gas ukuphefumla. A ingxaki lixhaphakile eli nkqubo yi dysplasia bronchopulmonary.

dysplasia Bronchopulmonary kwiintsana njengokuzalwa kuphuhlisa xa baboniswa zoqhaphelo eliphezulu ioksijini ixesha elide. Ukuba usana kwi mpilo iintsuku ezingaphezu kwama-28, ingozi yokuba ukunyuka sifo kakhulu. isifo Onge kwenzeka ebantwaneni izalelwe elide, emva kokugula kakhulu iityhubhu inyumoniya kunye nemiphunga.

Okwangoku, onke amatyala uhlobo olutsha lwe BPD ngokufuthi amisiweyo, apho emiphungeni abe nosana alveolarization ubuncinane, ngaphantsi ukushwabana ephawulwe le wokuphefumla kunye nempahla nezengekho miphungeni. Xa kuthelekiswa i "Classic" dysplasia bronchopulmonary, i "ukukhanya" uhlobo esi sifo ikhutshelwe lula kakhulu.

Izinto ezibangela BPD

Iziganeko dysplasia bronchopulmonary ebhalwe emva kokucima umntwana mpilo. Iingcali zithi kukho into zophendlo lwezifo ngenxa yeziphumo ioksijini ecocekileyo kwisakhiwo luyalambatha miphungeni. Nje izinto ezisisiseko BPD umngcipheko ziquka oku kulandelayo:

• abangena kwisistim bronchopulmonary-arhente ezisulelayo;
• Ulawulo ngokungafanelekanga of lunezinto;
• lwegazi pulmonary okubangelwa malformations zentliziyo;
• umonakalo lung inyama xa uqhagamshele le mpilo;
• nokudumba pulmonary;
• zintswelo vitamin.

BPD Ingakumbi eqhelekileyo kwiintsana njengokuzalwa kakhulu. Olu didi lubandakanya abantwana abazalwa phambi kweeveki 29 nezinobunzima ngaphantsi kwe 1500 inkqubo lunezinto zange yenziwe ngokupheleleyo. Oku kukhokelela ekubeni ngexesha kwemiphunga expiratory alveoli kuqala ukunamathela kunye waba ezimashakeleyo, nto leyo evusa ukugxagxiseka kunaniselwano gas. Ukuthintela iziphumo ezingafunekiyo, umntwana liqhagamshelene mpilo.

Iimpawu BPD

Nokubonakaliswa yokuqala sifo kurekhodwe emva zokuqhawula usana ukusuka mpilo. Nangoko oko kusenokubonakala ngathi ukuba umntwana wakho iziphumo ezincumisayo, kodwa emva kwexesha kukho imiyalezo ingozi. Ngaphezu kwako konke, abazali kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ukuphelelwa umoya. Ukuba itakane yenza Ukuphefumla ngaphezulu kwama-60 ngomzuzu, ngeempumlo lokudlabhuka ngamandla kwaye esifubeni kwaye ibukeka ifatyi-ezimilise, ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba ufune uncedo lonyango.

ukuphefumla enomsindo, phlegm emiphungeni, ukuphefumla eyandisiweyo, isikhumba oluhlaza - iimpawu rhoqo BPD kwiintsana ngaphambi kwexesha. Yintoni na le sifo nendlela ukuququzelela imeko womntwana? Therapy zikhethwe kuphela ngugqirha ngokuxhomekeke ebukhulwini umntwana. Pre-kubanjwe amanyathelo diagnostic: iimviwo zangaphandle, ultrasound intliziyo, isifuba X-ray. Ukongeza, iimvavanyo elebhu, pulmonologist kokucebisana linokukwenziwa.

unyango BPD

Abantwana abazalwe ngaphambi ngezifo iphathwa symptomatically. Eyona njongo iphambili unyango olunjalo sikuko iimpawu zesi sifo yaye kuqheleke ukuphefumla. Ubude unyango - ukususela kwiiveki eziliqela ukuya kwiinyanga 2-3.

Ukwahlula phakathi inobulali, alungise kwaye yababuhlungu dysplasia bronchopulmonary. Ngexesha ibakala lesifo ephawulwe exacerbation kunye noxolelo. therapy Drug kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa corticosteroids, womchamo, antibiotics (ukuba kuyimfuneko), bronchodilators, surfactants.

Amachiza Antibacterial ziyafuneka ukuze zinqanda kuphuhliso komtshiso oko. Ingqalelo iziyobisi kangangoko evela macrolide ukuba ngempumelelo akhuphisane kuluhlu olubanzi kwamagciwane.

Iimpawu therapy

Ngaphandle kokuba isigulo kudale yomatshini kule nkqubo yonyango kwaye zifuna unyango oksijini. Ukuhlobanisa usana kumatshini kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa inkqubo yokuphefumla, kwaye zonke izicwili ioksijini eyaneleyo. Ngaloo uyondelelwano lwee- umxube igesi kunye xi isixhobo lifinyele kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Kwakhona uya kufuna esweni rhoqo isixa ioksijini egazini wosana olo.

Xa BPD kwiintsana njengokuzalwa kufuneka zitye ukutya. Kubalulekile ukuba umzimba lo mntwana imali eyaneleyo protein ngaloo ukuthintela ulwelo kwemfuneko. Ukuba ngaba urhulumente wosana umxube zizondlo enzima iphethwe gavage. Umqulu ulwelo kunciphisa ukuya ml 110 kg ubunzima bomzimba ngosuku ngalinye ukuthintela uphuhliso nokudumba miphungeni.

Ukusetyenziswa hormone

Unyango hormone kuyimfuneko ukuze kupheliswe kukukrala kwisiqwenga yokuphefumla, olwenzeka kwisiqalo of dysplasia bronchopulmonary. glucocorticoids zenkqubo elawulwa ukususela kwimihla yokuqala yobomi xa umntwana elibamba mpilo. Oku kunciphisa ingozi ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu ngayo isixokelelwano sokuphefumla.

Qaphela ukuba uthomalaliso hormone uye neengxaki ezininzi, izinto eziphambili kuzo iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga hyperglycemia, lwegazi, cardiomyopathy hypertrophic.

Kukhethwa udla kunikwa steroids ukurhogele. Bafuna izilinganiso ezincinane kakhulu kwaye zichaphazela kuphela kutshona kwezisezantsi iindawo phecana sokuphefumla. Ngelo xesha, le unyango inika isiphumo yexeshana emihle kuphela kwiimeko kakhulu.

"Dexamethasone" - enye amachiza efanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza-ngokwenza ukusuka kwiqela glucocorticoids. Oku kumiselwe kwiimeko uncedo olungxamisekileyo ukwenza izinto zale sifo. Kwakhona, ichiza luthintela ukuyilwa kuhlaselo ezintsha.

Unyango lwe BPD in ngaphambi "Dexamethasone" abantwana ukucinezela isiphumo interleukin - izinto eziphilayo esebenzayo nghena kummandla bronchi kwaye wabandakanyeka kwiinkqubo arhabaxa. Ichiza ithintela uphuhliso ukusilela yokuphefumla kwaye ngokupheleleyo ekhuselekileyo ukwenzela umntwana.

"Dexamethasone": inkcazelo ichiza

Le medicament esinamandla glucocorticoid zokwenziwa arhente series. Isenzo 'Dexamethasone "ejoliswe kuqheleke kwiproteni, izimbiwa kunye carbohydrate yokucolwa emzimbeni. It anazo anti-ukudumba, antiallergic, kwaye protivosokovmi iimpawu ezinamandla antitoxic. Inkqubo yokukrala akuxhomekekanga kuthatyathwa ngokunciphisa kakhulu kudibaniso iiseli lwemasti kunye eosinophils, ekuthi kwezo nto kuphume mediators proinflammatory.

Kuba unyango lwe dysplasia bronchopulmonary kwiintsana kusetyenziswa isisombululo ampoules. Idosi ichanekile ukhethe kuphela qho ngamnye. Khumbula ukuba ukusetyenziswa elifutshane elide iziyobisi lineziphumo immunosuppressive, kunye nonyango ixesha elide kwandisa umngcipheko abazibandakanya usulelo yesibini.

Womchamo ku BPD

Nangona ukucuthwa lombane fluid imihla kwiintsana ngaphambi kwexesha kunye BPD, ukuthintela isenzeko nokudumba elimisiweyo womchamo - womchamo. ukusebenza kwabo unyango uyalwa ukuba kuqheleke eseleyo acid-isiseko ukuhla imali ulwelo kwi ancedisana.

"Furosemide" ngoyena eziqhele ukusetyenziswa phakathi womchamo nkqubo. Ingxaki yale ukulungiselela ukukhawulezisa reabsorption fluid emiphungeni kwaye kuphuculwe nezengekho miphungeni ubucukubhede nokudumba.

Uqikelelo kunye neziphumo

dysplasia Bronchopulmonary kuyingozi kakhulu kwaye izifo eziyingozi. Xa isifo kakhulu liyabulala ngowe-20% yamatyala. Xa ngobulali ukongamela izifo kunye nokuphuculwa usana kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuzenza kwezi nyanga yokuqala yobomi. Kukangaphi ukuphuhlisa zisifake emva BPD kwiintsana njengokuzalwa? Iingcali Guest bathi aba bantwana sigula zizigulo zemiphunga ezosulelayo, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, ianemia, uphuhliso ngokomzimba libaziseko.